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BACKGROUND: Molar-incisor-hypomineralisation (MIH) is a disturbance in dental development that commonly involves first permanent molars but permanent incisors may also be compromised. The prevalence of MIH in the literature varies between 2.5% and 40% of the world child population. Little information is gained on the prevalence of MIH among children in Spain. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of MIH among school children from Barcelona, Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study which included 705 children, aged 6 -14 years and 11 months was carried out. Full mouth examinations were performed using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria for the diagnosis of MIH. RESULTS: A total of 56 cases of MIH were found, 22 (39.3%) boys and 34 (60.7%) girls. The prevalence was 7.94% (6.39% for boys and 9.41% for girls). MIH lesions were seen more often in girls than boys (χ2 = 4.9, p= 0.023) the male/female ratio being 1:1.54. Upper teeth were more prevalent than lower teeth in both genders with an upper/lower ratio of 1.86/1 for boys and 1.68/1 for girls. CONCLUSION: Considered either by gender or by teeth, upper teeth and girls were ahead in our sample.

RESUMEN

AIM: Molar-incisor hypomineralization is a disturbance in dental development that involves first permanent molars as well as permanent incisors with a prevalence that ranges from 2.5% to 40%. The objective of this study was to investigate the etiology of molar-incisor hypomineralization among school children from two randomly selected towns in the province of Barcelona, Spain. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 705 children ranging in age from six years-old to 14 years and 11 months-old. Full mouth examinations were carried out in accordance with the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria for the diagnosis of molar-incisor hypomineralization, from April to July 2016. RESULTS: A total of 56 cases of molar-incisor hypomineralization were found in 22 (39.3%) boys and 34 (60.7%) girls. MIH was significantly more prevalent among those who had atopic dermatitis (OR=90.9; 33.4-247.1 CI 95%), food allergies (OR=104.2; 12.2-887.5 CI 95%), bronchitis/asthma (OR=5.3; 2.7-10.1 CI 95%), varicella (OR=96.3; 41.9-221.1 CI 95%), otitis media (OR=12.2; 6.3-23.5 CI 95%), pneumonia (OR=276.7; 35.1-2183.7 CI 95%), and febrile syndrome (OR=7.8; 4.1-14.8 CI 95%). CONCLUSIONS: The present research reveals for the first time a statistically significant relationship between atopic dermatitis and food allergies with the presence of molar-incisor hypomineralization.

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Dentigerous cysts are benign maxillary odontogenic cysts associated with the crown of an unerupted tooth. They can expand the cortical bone to such an extent that they cause displacement of teeth and root resorption in the adjacent teeth. The purpose of this report was to describe the clinical case of a dentigerous cyst in a mandibular permanent molar of a 6-year-old child. The cyst caused the displacement of the bud of the permanent second molar and root resorption of the primary second molar. The cyst was treated by: (1) mucous fenestration using an erbium laser: (2) drainage of the fluid content; and (3) curettage of the bone cavity. The injury was successfully resolved in just 5 months with: (1) bone regeneration; (2) the repositioning of the displaced bud; and (3) correct eruption of the affected tooth.

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