RESUMEN
Phenotypic characteristics of alveolar macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as their ability to acquire the M1 and M2 phenotypes during in vitro culturing with reprogramming factors were studied in rats with modeled diet-induced metabolic syndrome. A decrease in the number of alveolar macrophages with the M1 phenotype was found in animals with metabolic syndrome. The factors of metabolic syndrome do not affect phenotypic plasticity of cells in culture, but under the action of M2 reprogramming factors, the cells demonstrate a wide range of phenotypic plasticity by the CD80 and CD206 markers. The consistently high level of production of IL-6 and IL-10 by macrophages during culturing under different conditions indicates functional rigidity of the cells, which is probably a consequence of in vivo predetermined functional phenotype of these cells against the background of metabolic disorders.
Asunto(s)
Macrófagos Alveolares , Síndrome Metabólico , Ratas , Animales , Síndrome Metabólico/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Fenotipo , Líquido del Lavado BronquioalveolarRESUMEN
The study of subpopulation structure of IFNγ-producing T cells in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis revealed a decrease in the number of CD3+ IFNγ+ cells against the background of significantly increased IFNγ secretion in vitro irrespective of the clinical form of the disease and drug sensitivity of M. tuberculosis, most strongly expressed in case of the disseminated tuberculosis. In patients with infiltrative drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, increased number of Th1/Th17 lymphocytes (CD4+ IFNγ+IL-17A+) and, conversely, decreased number of blood γδT cells was detected.
Asunto(s)
Linaje de la Célula/inmunología , Interferón gamma/inmunología , Células TH1/inmunología , Células Th17/inmunología , Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos/inmunología , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/inmunología , Adulto , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Antígenos CD4/genética , Antígenos CD4/inmunología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Inmunofenotipificación , Interferón gamma/genética , Interleucina-17/genética , Interleucina-17/inmunología , Recuento de Linfocitos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efectos de los fármacos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/patogenicidad , Cultivo Primario de Células , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T gamma-delta/genética , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T gamma-delta/inmunología , Células TH1/efectos de los fármacos , Células TH1/microbiología , Células Th17/efectos de los fármacos , Células Th17/microbiología , Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos/genética , Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos/microbiología , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/genética , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/microbiologíaRESUMEN
The parameters characterizing antituberculous immune response at the stage of cytokinedependent activation of T cells were analyzed in 90 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before etiotropic therapy. Immunophenotyping of T cells for IL-12Rß2, WSX-1, and gp130 surface markers and T-bet intracellular transcription factor was carried out after specific IL-12/IL-27 induction of cells in vitro. An increase in the counts of CD3(+)T-bet(+), CD3(+)IL-12Rß2 (+), and CD3(+)WSX-1(+)gp130(+) cells and the level of T cells with high expression of WSX-1 inhibitory molecule (CD3(+)WSX-1(hi+)gp130(-) and CD3(+)WSX-1(hi+)gp130(+)) was detected. The type of disorders in the inductive stage of antituberculous immune response did not depend on the clinical form of disease.
Asunto(s)
Citocinas/metabolismo , Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/metabolismo , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunofenotipificación , Interleucinas/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The authors studied functional characteristics of mononuclear leucocytes in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The study found decrease of the number of C3b- and Fcchi-receptorpositive monocytes and increase of their saturation activity in both categories of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after antituberculous therapy. The study revealed increase of interferons alpha and chi production and, at the same time, decrease of tumor necrosis factor alpha, which was more prominent in cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis, and depression of interleukin 2 secretion, more prominent during chemotherapy in cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Asunto(s)
Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos/sangre , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/sangre , Adulto , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Biomarcadores/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Interferón-alfa/metabolismo , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Receptores de Complemento 3b/metabolismo , Receptores Fc/metabolismo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The paper presents the results of a study of spontaneous and stimulated production of TNF-alpha, INF-gamma, INF-alpha, IL-2 by peripheral mononuclear leukocytes in patients with disseminated destructive drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. It also shows marked changes in the levels the studied cytokines in relation to the type of a stimulant (lipopolysaccharide, phytohemagglutinin, tuberculin) and during antituberculous chemotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Antituberculosos/farmacología , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Citocinas/efectos de los fármacos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Leucocitos Mononucleares/efectos de los fármacos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Tiempo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/metabolismo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
The cytogenic status of peripheral lymphocytes was studied in 67 patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis. The latter was found to be attended by cytogenetic disorganization whose signs were present before and 2 months of intensive chemotherapy. In pulmonary tuberculosis, structural disorganization in the lymphocytic chromosomal apparatus was characterized by the elevated levels of cells and with changes in the structure and number of chromosomes. They are most pronounced in infiltrative and disseminated tuberculosis than in caseous pneumonia, as well as 2 months after rather than before chemotherapy. Patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis had also decreased lymphocytic activity of DNA reparation, followed by its normalization after a course of chemotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Núcleo Celular/genética , ADN/análisis , Linfocitos/ultraestructura , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/sangre , Adulto , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Núcleo Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Núcleo Celular/ultraestructura , ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/genéticaRESUMEN
LPO and apoptosis in blood mononuclear cells were studied in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before and during treatment with standard chemotherapeutics. Pulmonary tuberculosis was accompanied by LPO activation and intensification of apoptosis in lymphocytes and monocytes. These changes were observed before and after the course of intensive care. The intensity of lipid peroxidation retuned to normal, while activity of apoptosis remained high after therapy.