RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a disease primarily affecting amelogenesis, but other aberrations have been reported. The purposes of this review were: (1) to identify other anomalies associated with AI, and (2) to describe the impact of the disease and its associated conditions on the oral health-related quality of life of patients, and the economic consequences. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Bibliotek.dk, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and OMIM, supplemented by a search for selected authors. Based on titles and abstracts, 137 papers were identified. RESULTS: Most articles were case reports or case series with few cases. Aberrations were reported in the eruption process, in the morphology of the crown, in the pulp-dentine organ, and in the number of teeth. Gingival conditions and oral hygiene were usually reported to be poor, and calculus was a common finding. Open bite was the most commonly reported malocclusion. A negative impact on patients' oral health-related quality of life was described, but information was scarce. No information was found on the economic impact. CONCLUSIONS: A number of aberrations associated with AI have been reported, but not sufficiently systematic to allow for a secondary analysis and synthesis of the findings. The impact on patients in terms of reduced quality of life and economic burden needs to be studied.
Asunto(s)
Amelogénesis Imperfecta/complicaciones , Costo de Enfermedad , Calidad de Vida , Amelogénesis Imperfecta/economía , Amelogénesis Imperfecta/psicología , Humanos , Maloclusión/complicaciones , Enfermedades Periodontales/complicaciones , Anomalías Dentarias/complicacionesRESUMEN
In case-control studies the frequency of the exposure of interest is compared between a group of diseased subjects and a group of controls to determine whether an association exists between disease and exposure. Case-control studies are useful, but can be subject to several sources of bias if poorly conducted. Selection bias, which results in a lack of comparability between the groups being studied, is one of the most harmful types of bias. The aim of this study was to assess the information reported on case-control studies of periodontitis to identify sources of selection bias. We conducted an electronic search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science and evaluated the occurrence of sources of selection bias in case-control studies published in English during the year 2004. In relatively few studies did the authors provided information on recruitment periods for cases and controls (31.1% and 20%, respectively), sampling methods (26.7% and 31.1%, respectively), or participation rates (8.9% and 6.7%, respectively). The source of control subjects was appropriate in 15.6% of the studies, and the strategy used to select the controls was adequate in only 8.9% of the studies. It may be concluded that case-control studies on periodontitis are frequently inadequately conducted and reported.