RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the remineralization effects of a calcium silicate-based cement (Biodentine) and of a glass ionomer cement (GIC: Fuji IX) on artificially demineralized dentin. METHODS: Four standard cavities were prepared in dentin discs prepared from 34 extracted sound human third molars. In each disc, one cavity was covered with an acid-resistant varnish before demineralization (Group 1). The specimens were soaked in a chemical demineralization solution for 96 h to induce artificial carious lesions. Thereafter, one cavity each was filled with Biodentine (Group 2) and GIC (Group 3), respectively, and one carious lesion was left unrestored as a negative control (Group 4). Next, specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 21 days. After cross-sectioning the specimens, the Ca/P ratio was calculated in each specimen by using scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Finally, data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: Both cement types induced dentin remineralization as compared to Group 4. The Ca/P ratio was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 3 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The dentin lesion remineralization capability of Biodentine is higher than that of GIC, suggesting the usefulness of the former as a bioactive dentin replacement material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Biodentine has a higher remineralization ability than that of GIC for carious dentin, and its interfacial properties make it a promising bioactive dentin restorative material.
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Compuestos de Calcio , Dentina , Cementos de Ionómero Vítreo , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Silicatos , Remineralización Dental , Compuestos de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Compuestos de Calcio/farmacología , Cementos de Ionómero Vítreo/uso terapéutico , Cementos de Ionómero Vítreo/farmacología , Humanos , Silicatos/uso terapéutico , Silicatos/farmacología , Dentina/efectos de los fármacos , Remineralización Dental/métodos , Técnicas In Vitro , Espectrometría por Rayos X , Calcio , Ensayo de Materiales , Caries Dental , FósforoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The variation in the caries susceptibility while environmental factors are similar indicates that the effect of individual factors such as genetics on caries process and tooth development should be revealed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between genetic polymorphisms in MMP13 (rs2252070) and MMP20 (rs1784418) with caries experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 subjects aged 6 to 14 years. Demographic data, data on oral health habits were obtained through the statements of guardian of the individuals, caries data was collected by clinical examination. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected to extract the genomic DNA. Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms was carried out by real-time PCR. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between different subgroups considering caries experience. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Allele distribution of MMP13 was different between caries-affected and caries-free subjects. MMP13 A allele increased the caries risk (p=0.005, OR=1.84, 95% CI 1.20-2.82). Allele and genotype distribution of the polymorphism in MMP20 were not associated with caries experience (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the genetic variation in MMP13 was associated with the caries experience in selected subjects in Turkey. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The knowledge regarding association between the MMP genes and caries experience, might benefit the clinical practice, improving caries-preventive and caries-therapeutic approaches.
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Susceptibilidad a Caries Dentarias , Caries Dental , Estudios Transversales , Caries Dental/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Humanos , Metaloproteinasas de la Matriz , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido SimpleRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study evaluated the microleakage of a nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer and a high viscosity glass-ionomer restorations in class V cavities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two class V cavities prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 16 sound, third molar teeth were randomly assigned into two groups and restored by one of the glass ionomer material; Group A: A high viscosity (Ketac Molar, 3M ESPE) Group B: A nano-filled resin-modified (Ketac N100, 3M ESPE) glass ionomer. One clinician prepared all the cavities. The materials were used according to the manufacturers' recommendations. The restored teeth were then stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h, thermocycled at 5-55°C for 1000 cycles. The specimens were immersed in aqueous solution of Indian ink dye for 48 h at room temperature. They were embedded in resin polyester and sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction. Microleakage was assessed according to the depth of dye penetration along the restoration. The extent of dye penetration at the occlusal and gingival margins was assessed using a stereo microscope. Randomly selected samples from each group were prepared for scanning electron microscope evaluation. The data were statistically analyzed with Friedman and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between the microleakage scores of the two groups for both occlusal and gingival scores (P = 0.001). Occlusal and gingival scores for high viscosity glass ionomer (P = 0.024) and nanoionomer (P = 0.021) using Wilcoxon signed ranks tests showed statistically significant differences. High viscosity glass ionomer showed significantly less microleakage compared to the nano-filled resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGIs) at occlusal margin (P = 0.001). No significant differences were found between the groups at gingival margin (P = 0.0317). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, nano-filled RMGIs restorations did not perform better than high viscosity glass ionomer in class V cavities in terms of microleakage assessment.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 30-month clinical performance of a nanofilled-resin composite with or without glass-fiber layering in restorations of large cavities in posterior teeth of children. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 71 restorations were placed in permanent molar teeth of 47 children (mean age 10.9 years) with (FRC; n=35) or without (RC; n=36) fiber layering. One operator placed all restorations. Restorations were evaluated according to the USPHS modified-Ryge criteria at baseline, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 months. The data were analyzed using Fisher 's exact and chi-square tests and outcomes were compared using the Cochran-Q test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The 30-month survival rates of the restorations were 97% and 97.1% in the RC and FRC groups, respectively. Nanofilled-resin restorations with or without glass fiber-layering showed similarly high clinical performance. No differences were detected between the evaluated criteria when comparing baseline with any of the evaluation periods (p<0.05). After 30 months there were no secondary caries, change in anatomical form or postoperative sensitivity. Only minor changes for marginal adaptation, marginal discoloration, color match and surface texture were observed. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that nanofilled-resin composite applied with or without glass-fiber layering showed similar and good results in large cavities of posterior permanent teeth in children over a 30-month period.
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Resinas Compuestas/química , Caries Dental/terapia , Restauración Dental Permanente/métodos , Vidrio , Nanocompuestos , Adolescente , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Niño , Caries Dental/patología , Adaptación Marginal Dental , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Diente Molar/patología , Estudios Prospectivos , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Propiedades de Superficie , Decoloración de DientesRESUMEN
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: In stress-bearing cavities, low fracture resistance adversely affects the longevity of the dental resin composite restorations. PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of glass fiber layering on the flexural strength of microfill and hybrid composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Flexural test specimens (N = 75) were prepared according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 4049 specifications (25 x 2 x 2 mm) by using a standard metallic mold. Materials used and groups were as follows (N = 15): group 1: hybrid composite (Clearfil APX, Kuraray Co.Ltd, Osaka, Japan); group 2: microfill composite (Clearfil ST, Kuraray Co.Ltd.); group 3: hybrid + microfill composite; group 4: woven glass fiber (EverstickNet, StickTech Ltd, Turku, Finland) + hybrid composite; group 5: woven glass fiber + microfill composite. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 7 days. Afterward, they were loaded to fracture (1 mm/min) by using a universal testing machine (AG-50 kNG Shimadzu Co., Kyoto, Japan). Flexural strengths were expressed as maximum flexural load per cross-sectional area of the specimen. The results were statistically analyzed with Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (p < 0.01). RESULTS: Significant increases in the flexural strength were found for both hybrid and microfill composites when fiber layering was used (group 1: 78 +/- 7 MPa; group 4: 93 +/- 4 MPa) (group 2: 42 +/- 5 MPa; group 5: 64 +/- 4 MPa) (p < 0.01). Flexural strength of fiber-reinforced hybrid composite was significantly higher than the other groups evaluated (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in flexural strength between microfill/hybrid combination and fiber-reinforced microfill composite (p > 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Glass fiber layering of microfill and hybrid composites presented higher flexural strength, and veneering of hybrid composite with microfill composite increased the resistance of the restoration.
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Resinas Compuestas/química , Materiales Dentales/química , Vidrio/química , Análisis del Estrés Dental/instrumentación , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Metacrilatos/química , Procesos Fotoquímicos , Docilidad , Polímeros/química , Estrés Mecánico , Propiedades de Superficie , Temperatura , Factores de Tiempo , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the rate and pattern of early childhood caries development in caries-free children based on their dental plaque accumulations, salivary Streptococcus mutans levels, maternal sharing, oral hygiene, and feeding attitudes at baseline and at 24-month follow-up period. DESIGN: A total of 92 children, aged between 15 to 35 months, comprised the study group. The children's dental examinations were first carried out at baseline, and 56 of them were re-examined 24 months later to determine the changes in dental status. The mothers were also interviewed at each examination based on a prepared questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of caries incidence was 45% at 24-month evaluation period among initially caries-free children. The new caries formation was mostly observed on occlusal and aproximal surfaces of maxillary molars (28% and 26%) followed by mesial, distal and buccal surfaces of anterior teeth, respectively. Significant correlations between dental caries formation and maternal sharing, S. mutans levels, and plaque scores were found. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that early S. mutans colonization, high plaque accumulation, and maternal sharing were important factors on a child's caries development.
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Susceptibilidad a Caries Dentarias/fisiología , Caries Dental/microbiología , Placa Dental/microbiología , Boca/microbiología , Streptococcus mutans/aislamiento & purificación , Preescolar , Dieta Cariógena , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Relaciones Madre-Hijo , Boca/fisiología , Higiene Bucal , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare the caries preventive effects of 2-year application of school-based chlorhexidine varnish, sodium fluoride gel, and dental health education programs among a high-risk group of 11- to 13-year-olds with low caries activity. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A total of 149 subjects who had previous caries experience in the primary dentition and Streptococcus mutans levels higher than 10(5) at baseline with 0 DMFS index were selected for this randomized clinical trial. Subjects were allocated to one of 3 groups for treatment with chlorhexidine varnish (n = 50), sodium fluoride gel (n = 50), or a dental health education program (n = 49), which were repeated throughout the 2-year study. The outcomes examined at the end of the study were the caries increment (DMFS index), dental plaque scores, and salivary S mutans counts. RESULTS: The subjects in the education group showed a significant increase in the salivary levels of S mutans in comparison with the other groups (P = .004), but there was no significant difference among the groups in the caries increment after 2 years, with mean DMFS +/- SD as 0.95 +/- 1.33, 0.88 +/- 1.47, and 1.05 +/- 2.01 in the chlorhexidine varnish, sodium fluoride gel, and education groups, respectively. There were also no significant differences in the pre- and posttreatment plaque scores between the groups. CONCLUSION: Although all 3 preventive programs in this high-caries-risk group of children with low caries activity resulted in similar plaque and caries values after 2 years, longer follow-up studies are needed to clarify the effect of reduction in S mutans growth by chemotherapeutic agents in caries incidence.
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Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Cariostáticos/uso terapéutico , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Caries Dental/prevención & control , Fluoruros Tópicos/uso terapéutico , Educación en Salud Dental , Fluoruro de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Timol/uso terapéutico , Administración Tópica , Adolescente , Antiinfecciosos Locales/administración & dosificación , Cariostáticos/administración & dosificación , Niño , Clorhexidina/administración & dosificación , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Índice CPO , Susceptibilidad a Caries Dentarias , Índice de Placa Dental , Combinación de Medicamentos , Fluoruros Tópicos/administración & dosificación , Estudios de Seguimiento , Geles , Humanos , Medición de Riesgo , Saliva/microbiología , Servicios de Odontología Escolar , Clase Social , Fluoruro de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Streptococcus mutans/crecimiento & desarrollo , Timol/administración & dosificación , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The aim was to investigate the effect of fixed and removable space maintainers on periodontal status of children and to compare the efficiency of verbal and written dental health education. 52 healthy children aged between 7-10 years who will be treated with fixed or removable appliances were divided into two subgroups to whom were given verbal and written dental education. Plaque index, bleeding index and mean pocket depth scores of the teeth were recorded at baseline and 3, 6 and 9 months after application. Plaque, bleeding index and mean pocket depth scores showed significant difference in the appliance groups in the follow-ups. Plaque index scores displayed a positive correlation with the duration of both appliances. The difference between pocket depth scores were found to be significant in the follow-ups in both appliance groups while it was insignificant between education groups and significant increase in bleeding index scores was observed in both appliance groups and education techniques given. It is concluded that both removable and fixed space maintainers can result in inflammation on periodontal tissues of the children.
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Educación en Salud Dental , Aparatos Ortodóncicos , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Índice Periodontal , Mantenimiento del Espacio en Ortodoncia/instrumentación , Niño , Placa Dental/prevención & control , Índice de Placa Dental , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemorragia Gingival/clasificación , Hemorragia Gingival/prevención & control , Humanos , Masculino , Higiene Bucal , Aparatos Ortodóncicos Removibles , Enfermedades Periodontales/clasificación , Enfermedades Periodontales/prevención & control , Bolsa Periodontal/clasificación , Bolsa Periodontal/prevención & control , Periodontitis/clasificación , Periodontitis/prevención & control , Enseñanza/métodos , Materiales de EnseñanzaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the caries risk of asthmatics in relation to dental plaque indices, salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity, saliva composition and salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans compared with healthy subjects and also to evaluate these parameters within different groups of asthmatics according to their medication, duration and severity of the disease. METHODS: The study group composed of 106 asthmatics and 100 healthy controls with the same age and social background aged between 6 and 19-years-old. For dental examinations, World Health Organization criteria and for plaque indices the Silness and Löe plaque index was used. All data were analyzed using t-test, chi2-test, Spearman rank correlation, Kruskal- Wallis, Mann-Whitney U-tests and Logistic Regression Analysis with Forward Stepwise Likelihood ratio method. RESULTS: A statistically significant decrease in the salivary flow rate and pH were found in the asthmatic group. The children in the asthmatic group aged between 6 and 10 years had significantly higher caries prevalence compared with the control group at the same age. There was a negative correlation between the duration of medication and the salivary pH and a positive correlation between duration of illness and the salivary levels of S. mutans in the asthmatics. CONCLUSION: It was found that asthma, through its disease status and its pharmacotherapy, carries some risk factors including decreased salivary flow rate and pH for caries development. It was also demonstrated that the duration of medication and illness had significant influences on the risk of caries in asthmatics.
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Asma/complicaciones , Caries Dental/etiología , Salud Bucal , Higiene Bucal , Adolescente , Adulto , Algoritmos , Antiasmáticos/efectos adversos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Índice de Placa Dental , Femenino , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Masculino , Saliva/metabolismo , Saliva/microbiología , Tasa de Secreción/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to investigate the caries-related microorganisms in saliva and the prevalence of Early childhood caries (ECC) in 15- to 35-month-old Turkish children and their associations with the characteristics of the mothers, socioeconomic criteria, and feeding habits of the children. METHODS: Saliva samples of 101 children were studied to determine the numbers of Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli, and Candida albicans. A questionnaire regarding the characteristics of the mothers, socioeconomic criteria, and feeding habits of the children was carried out before the dental examinations of the mother-child pairs. RESULTS: The regression analyses revealed DMFS scores of the mothers as an impact factor for the children's caries experience. The prolonged usage of feeding bottle with sweetened milk, pacifier use, and maternal sharing were strongly associated with the colonization of S. mutans, lactobacilli, and C. albicans, respectively. A significant correlation was also found between maternal education and S. mutans. CONCLUSION: Data indicated that the mother's DMFS scores, education, and feeding habits were strong risk indicators for the colonization of caries-related micro-organisms and ECC.
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Caries Dental/clasificación , Relaciones Madre-Hijo , Saliva/microbiología , Adulto , Alimentación con Biberón , Lactancia Materna , Candida albicans/aislamiento & purificación , Preescolar , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Índice CPO , Caries Dental/microbiología , Índice de Placa Dental , Escolaridad , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Alimentos Infantiles , Lactobacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino , Madres/educación , Chupetes , Factores de Riesgo , Clase Social , Streptococcus mutans/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the biocompatibility of a one-step dentin bonding agent (Prime&Bond 2.1) in pulp capping compared with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Thirty sheep teeth and 20 intact human premolars were used. After cavity preparation, pulp exposure was achieved with a bur (#390). Adhesive pulp capping was performed in 25 teeth (15 sheep and 10 human). In the control group (12 sheep and 10 human teeth), pulps were capped with Ca(OH)2 and all of the cavities in both groups were sealed with resin composite. Three of the sheep teeth were used as intact controls. Teeth were extracted 7 or 90 days following treatment and prepared for histological examination and bacterial detection. RESULTS: At 7 days, severe inflammatory responses underlying the bonding agent and in the coronal pulp were observed with soft tissue disorganization in both human and sheep teeth capped with Prime&Bond 2.1. All of the teeth capped with Ca(OH)2 exhibited mild inflammatory reactions limited with the perforation area. After 90 days with the bonding agent, in 3 of 9 sheep teeth, chronic inflammatory reactions were significant, while slight pulpal reactions were observed in the others and dentin bridge formation in all of the sheep teeth was found. However, in human pulps, persistent, unresolved inflammation with the lack of dentin bridge formation was observed. In the Ca(OH)2 group, pulp repair with dentin bridging was found in all of the teeth, both sheep and human. No correlation was found between the presence of inflammation and bacterial staining using Spearman rank correlation test (P > .05). CONCLUSION: Prime&Bond 2.1 facilitates enhanced pulp healing and bridge formation in sheep teeth, but in human teeth it was not as successful as Ca(OH)2 as a pulp capping agent.
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Acetona/uso terapéutico , Hidróxido de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Recubrimiento de la Pulpa Dental/efectos adversos , Recubrimientos Dentinarios/uso terapéutico , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos/uso terapéutico , Acetona/efectos adversos , Animales , Hidróxido de Calcio/efectos adversos , Cavidad Pulpar/microbiología , Recubrimientos Dentinarios/efectos adversos , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales/métodos , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos/efectos adversos , Ovinos , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of a compomer and resin sealant in vitro using different surface preparation techniques. METHODS: Microleakage of a compomer (Dyract Seal, DeTrey) and a resin sealant (Helioseal F, Vivadent) was investigated on 125 intact third molars. Materials and the surface preparation techniques were: Group 1--phosphoric acid (37%)+Helioseal F; Group 2--AlO2 air abrasion+Helioseal F; Group 3--nonrinse conditioner (NRC)+Prime&Bond+Dyract Seal; Group 4--phosphoric acid+Dyract Seal; Group 5--AlO2 air abrasion+Dyract Seal. RESULTS: Pretreatment with phosphoric acid produced the lowest microleakage scores when applied with compomer and resin fissure sealants and there was no statistical difference (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compomer sealant used with a nonrinse conditioner (NRC) was not as successful as pretreatment with phosphoric acid etching, whereas AlO2 air abrasion pretreatment was ineffective in preventing microleakage in both sealants.
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Compómeros/química , Resinas Compuestas/química , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Filtración Dental/clasificación , Selladores de Fosas y Fisuras/química , Preparación del Diente/métodos , Grabado Ácido Dental , Óxido de Aluminio/química , Bisfenol A Glicidil Metacrilato/química , Grabado Dental , Recubrimientos Dentinarios/química , Humanos , Maleatos/química , Ensayo de Materiales , Ácidos Fosfóricos/química , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos/química , Tinción con Nitrato de PlataRESUMEN
This report describes the dental management and 7-year follow-up of a 14-year-old boy who showed the typical characteristics of Lenz microphthalmia syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple abnormalities. The main features of the syndrome are microphthalmia, developmental retardation, ear abnormalities, microcephaly, skeletal, digital and urogenital anomalies. The dental anomalies include micrognathia, hypodontia, agenesis of permanent teeth, conic-shaped incisors, and taurodontic molars. The purpose of the report was to document specific oral manifestations and dental anomalies and their management associated with a previously reported case.
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Microftalmía/genética , Anomalías Dentarias/genética , Anomalías Múltiples , Adolescente , Anodoncia/genética , Cavidad Pulpar/anomalías , Estudios de Seguimiento , Trastornos del Crecimiento/genética , Humanos , Incisivo/anomalías , Masculino , Microcefalia/genética , Micrognatismo/genética , Diente Molar/anomalías , SíndromeRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate pulpal tissue of primary teeth in early and late stages of physiological resorption by means of silver-binding nucleolar organizer region (Ag-NOR) staining. STUDY DESIGN: Ten primary teeth in early, ten in the late stage of resorption and five sound premolar teeth pulps as the control group were investigated by means of silver-binding nucleolar organizer region (Ag-NOR) staining. RESULTS: The mean number of Ag-NOR's per nucleus increased with the continuing of the resorption process. The difference in the mean number of Ag-NORs was statistically significant both in the early and late stage of resorption compared with controls (P > 0.001). In the early stage of resorption calcific plates in the apical part of the pulps were observed. Odontoclasts, as well as inflammatory cells, were observed in the late stages of resorption. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the mean number of Ag-NORs per nucleus with the progression of the resorption process in primary teeth suggests that metabolic cell activity in the early stages of resorption is enhanced and increased with the continuing of the process, thus showing the importance of the pulp tissue in the resorption process.