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New 4-arylhydrazono-3-methoxymethyl-2-pyrazolin-5-ones (5a-j) and 4-arylhydrazono-3-methoxymethyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-ones (6a-j) were synthesized by the reaction of ten novel methyl 2-arylhydrazono-4-methoxy-3-oxobutanoates (4a-j) with hydrazine hydrate and phenylhydrazine, respectively. Treatment of 5a with acetic anhydride yielded 1-acetyl-4-arylhydrazono-3-methoxymethyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (7). The structures of the tautomerically dynamic compounds were established by spectral data (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, EIMS and CIMS) and elemental analysis. The analgesic activity of the title compounds was determined by the modified Koster's test. The most active compound was 4-[(4-chlorophenyl)hydrazono]-3-methoxymethyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (6c) demonstrating twice the activity (60%) exerted by the reference drug acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 27%). The majority of the tested compounds were found to be more effective than ASA.

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A series of 4-(alkylidene/arylidene)amino-2,4-dihydro-5- (2-thienyl)-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones (2a-h) were synthesized. The structural elucidation of all the compounds was made on the basis of analytical and spectral data (IR, 1H-NMR and EIMS). All synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi. Some of the compounds demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. erinacei NCPF-375 and Microsporum canis (MIC 50-6.25 mg/ml). The in vitro antimycobacterial activity of the new compounds was also investigated. Some of the compounds showed varying degrees of inhibition (2-40%) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in the primary screen that was conducted at 12.5 mg/ml using the BACTEC 460 radiometric system.

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Conveniently accessible 4-[(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-thiosemicarbazide (2) was converted to new 1-substituted benzylidene/furfurylidene-4- [2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-thiosemicarbazides (3) which furnished 2-(substituted benzylidene/furfurylidene) hydrazono-3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]thiazolidin-4-ones (4) and 1-(substituted benzylidene/furfurylidene)-amino -3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-thioxo-4,5-imidazolidinedio nes (5) on reaction with chloroacetic acid and oxalyl chloride, respectively. The structure of 5 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies performed on 5a. 4 and 5 were evaluated for their potentiating effects on pentobarbital induced hypnosis. Most of the compounds caused remarkable increases in pentobarbital sleeping time.

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Some novel 1-[2-[[5-(2-furanyl)-4-substituted 4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl[thio[ethyl[-2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazoles (3), 1-[3-[[5-(2-furanyl/2-thienyl)-4-substituted 4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl[-thio]-2-hydroxypropyl[-2-methyl-5-nitro-1H- imidazoles (5) and 1-[3-[(N,N-disubstituted thiocarbamoyl)-thio[-2-hydroxypropyl]-2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazoles (7) were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity. Some of 5 were found to be effective against bacteria and fungi (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 7.3-125 micrograms/ml), whereas 7 were found to be effective against fungi (MIC 3-25 micrograms/ml).

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A series of new 2-aryl-3-[(2-furyl)carbonyl]amino-5-nonsubstituted/methyl-4-thi azolidinones (3) and 2-[(2-furyl)carbonyl]hydrazono-3-alkyl-4-aryl-4-thiazolines (5) was synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazole induced seizures. Preliminary results indicated that potency was sensitive to substituents at the 2 and 5 positions of the 4-thiazolidinone and 3 and 4 positions of the 4-thiazoline rings. Among 3,2-(phenyl)/ (4-fluorophenyl)-3-[(2-furyl)carbonyl]amino-5-methyl-4-thiazolidinone s (3e and 3f) and among 5, 2-[(2-furyl)carbonyl]hydrazono-3-allyl-4-(4-bromophenyl)-4-thiazol ine (5e), showed the highest protection (40%).

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A series of 4-(alkylidene/arylidene)amino-5-(2-furanyl)-2,4-dihydro- 3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones (2) and 6-aryl-3-(2-furanyl)-7H-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines (3) were synthesized. The configuration of 2g was assigned on the basis of 1H-NMR data. Of the new derivatives tested, only 2b, 2g, and 4f were found to be active against Staphylococcus aureus and/or Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC 125-1.95 micrograms/ml), whereas all exhibited varying degrees of antifungal activity (MIC 25-0.8 micrograms/ml).

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A series of 3,5-disubstituted tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thiones was synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity. All of the tested compounds were found active against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The compounds were also active against yeast-like fungi and molds where the anticandidal activity of 3a against Candida albicans was superior to the standards miconazole and clotrimazole.

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Several 1,1-bis(4-alkyl/aryl-1,2,4-triazoline-5-thione-3-yl)-2- methylbutane derivatives 13-21 were obtained from the cyclization of mono(1-methylpropyl)malonylbis(4-alkyl/aryl)thiosemicarbazides 2-12 in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Their chemical structures were proven by spectral data (UV, IR, 1H-NMR, MS) and elemental analysis. The anticonvulsant activity of the title compounds were determined against pentylenetetrazole induced seizures. Six of the tested compounds showed anticonvulsant activity (10 to 20% protection).

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A number of 2-(2-furoylhydrazono)-3-substituted 4-thiazolidone and 2-(2-furoylhydrazono)-3,4-disubstituted 4-thiazoline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. Most of the tested compounds showed significant activity against MES induced seizures.

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A number of 2-(2-furoylhydrazono)-3-substituted 4-thiazolidone and 2-(2-furoylhydrazono)-3,4-disubstituted 4-thiazoline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. Most of the tested compounds showed significant activity against MES induced seizures.

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6-Methyl-2,4-heptandione (1) was coupled with diazonium salts of sulfanilamide (2) and 4-aminobenzoic acid (3). Resulting new hydrazones, namely 4-methyl-2-oxovaleraldehyde p-substituted phenylhydrazones 4 and 5, were refluxed with various hydrazines to synthesize the title compounds 6-15. Their structure elucidation was made on the basis of their analytical and spectroscopic data. The antibacterial activity was evaluated. Some of the compounds tested exerted moderate to potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes.

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In connection with previous related works [1-6] we have now studied the reaction of ethyl alpha-benzyl-alpha-acetylethanoate (EBAE), as an aliphatic active C-H compound, with the diazonium salts of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), sulfanilamide (SA) and N,N-dimethylsulfanilamide (DSA), respectively. Ethyl 2-benzyl-2-[N-(aryl)hydrazono] ethanoates were the resulting substances (1-3). The synthesis of 4-6, namely 3-phenyl-2,5-disubstituted indoles, was carried out employing acidic indole ring closure reaction (Fischer indole synthesis) starting from 1-3. Because only 5 had a high antifungal potency its derivatives 7-10 were also prepared. But these derivatives were unfortunately found to be inactive. Structure elucidation of 1-10 were made by elemental analysis, IR, NMR and mass spectral data.

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In order to test their insecticidal, fungicidal and herbicidal activities the title compounds 2-20 were prepared from the reactions of various aldehyde-thiosemicarbazones with corresponding alpha-oxo-alpha-methyl-N-(p-substituted phenyl)-ethanehydrazonoyl chloride [1], derived from the coupling of chloroacetone with the diazonium salt of ethyl p-aminobenzoate, p-iodoaniline, sulfanilamide and aniline, respectively. All the synthetized compounds were characterized by their elementary analysis, and by using IR, NMR and mass spectrometry.

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