RESUMEN
Mass spectrometry of intact nanoparticles and viruses can serve as a potent characterization tool for material science and biophysics. Inaccessible by widespread commercial techniques, the mass of single nanoparticles and viruses (>10MDa) can be readily measured by nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS)-based mass spectrometry, where charged and isolated analyte particles are generated by electrospray ionization (ESI) in air and transported onto the NEMS resonator for capture and detection. However, the applicability of NEMS as a practical solution is hindered by their miniscule surface area, which results in poor limit-of-detection and low capture efficiency values. Another hindrance is the necessity to house the NEMS inside complex vacuum systems, which is required in part to focus analytes toward the miniscule detection surface of the NEMS. Here, we overcome both limitations by integrating an ion lens onto the NEMS chip. The ion lens is composed of a polymer layer, which charges up by receiving part of the ions incoming from the ESI tip and consequently starts to focus the analytes toward an open window aligned with the active area of the NEMS electrostatically. With this integrated system, we have detected the mass of gold and polystyrene nanoparticles under ambient conditions and with two orders-of-magnitude improvement in capture efficiency compared to the state-of-the-art. We then applied this technology to obtain the mass spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 and BoHV-1 virions. With the increase in analytical throughput, the simplicity of the overall setup, and the operation capability under ambient conditions, the technique demonstrates that NEMS mass spectrometry can be deployed for mass detection of engineered nanoparticles and biological samples efficiently.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Nanopartículas , Virus , Presión Atmosférica , Humanos , Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study was planned to determine the burnout levels of physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to contribute to taking the necessary measures by determining the associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research was designed via Google Online Form as an online survey with questions of Sociodemographic Data Form, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory and was conducted with 40 specialist physicians actively working at the Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital. The same questionnaire was re-applied online after two months, and 24 out of 40 physicians were accessed. The SPSS 25 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) program was used for the analysis of the data. RESULTS: According to the Maslach Burnout Inventory applied in the pre-test, it was found that the feeling of personal accomplishment was high, emotional burnout was normal, and depersonalization was low. Anxiety and burnout were found to be positively correlated, and there were no statistically significant differences in the average values of the pre-and post-test Maslach Burnout Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory scores. CONCLUSIONS: Detecting possible burnout in physicians working in a pandemic, identifying associated factors and taking required measures can be beneficial both for physicians and society from a biopsychosocial perspective.
Asunto(s)
Agotamiento Profesional/epidemiología , Agotamiento Profesional/psicología , COVID-19/psicología , Médicos/psicología , Carga de Trabajo/psicología , Adulto , Ansiedad , Correlación de Datos , Femenino , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Condiciones Sociales , Factores Sociodemográficos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Intramural pregnancy is the rarest type of ectopic pregnancy and almost always is diagnosed intraoperatively. It constitutes less than 1% of ectopic pregnancies and the world literature contains only 33 cases. We present an additional case of an uncomplicated intramural pregnancy in a patient with extensive adenomyosis, which is the earliest preoperatively diagnosed (sixth week of gestation) case in the literature.
Asunto(s)
Endometriosis/complicaciones , Embarazo Ectópico/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Uterinas/complicaciones , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , EmbarazoRESUMEN
Nitric oxide is a gas and free radical, which modulates pulmonary and vascular tone. Pulmonary vascular endothelial cell produce the nitric oxide. To define the relation between nitric oxide and hemodynamic parameters in children with pulmonary hypertension, we measured the nitric oxide concentrations of the right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, left ventricle and aorta in 40 patients during cardiac catheterizations. Patients were divided into two groups according to their pulmonary arterial pressure. In group I, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure was higher than 25 mmHg and in group II, lower than 25 mmHg. Pulmonary nitric oxide level in group I was significantly lower than group II (P < 0.05). The right ventricle and mean pulmonary arterial pressures, pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary flow/systemic flow of the patients in group I were significantly higher than those of group II (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we found low nitric oxide levels in patients with pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart defects.
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión Pulmonar/sangre , Óxido Nítrico/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Hemodinámica , Humanos , LactanteRESUMEN
Collodion baby is a rare congenital disorder resembling harlequin fetus but is milder in degree. Although it has been reported that harlequin fetus is associated with kidney abnormalities, malignant keratoma, micromelia, polydactyly, thymic atrophy and thyroid aplasia, there are few reports of collodion baby associated with congenital abnormality and/or disease in the literature. A newborn infant admitted with shedding of the skin and diagnosed as collodion baby concomitant with congenital hypothyroidism is presented here. This is the first case of collodion baby associated with congenital hypothyroidism in the literature to our knowledge.
Asunto(s)
Anomalías Múltiples/patología , Hipotiroidismo Congénito , Ictiosis Lamelar/complicaciones , Anomalías Cutáneas/patología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , MasculinoRESUMEN
Erythrocyte membrane Na+/K+, Ca2+/Mg2+ and Mg2+ ATPase activities in addition to the calmodulin-activated Ca2+/Mg2+ ATPase enzyme were measured in both G6PD-deficient and normal individuals. Although all three membrane ATPase activities were somewhat higher in the G6PD-deficient erythrocytes, only activated Ca2+/Mg2+ ATPase activity was significantly increased. The effect of primaquine on the membrane ATPases was also compared with other ATPase inhibitors. Primaquine was ineffective on erythrocyte membrane ATPase in-vitro. However, sera containing primaquine metabolite(s) were inhibitory to Ca2+/Mg2+ and Mg2+ ATPase systems of only G6PD-deficient erythrocytes. Other ATPase inhibitors showed a similar inhibitory effect in G6PD-deficient and normal erythrocytes, indicating a specific influence of primaquine on ATPase system in G6PD deficiency. It is suggested that this effect of primaquine may be an additional factor for haemolysis observed in the people with GdB- type of G6PD deficiency among the Mediterranean populations.