RESUMEN
Usnic acid is a normal component of lichen cells. This natural compound has shown different biological and physiological activities that might have a great relevance in pharmacology and clinics. For instance, usnic acid is known for its antibacterial and antiparasitic action. Also, the drug has a potential interest in cancer therapy because of its antimitotic and antiproliferative action. The molecular structure of usnic acid has been validated and further explored in this investigation. Many biological properties of this drug are known; however its potential antiviral action has not yet been evaluated. In this paper, we demonstrate that usnic acid is a potent inhibitor of the proliferation of mouse polyomavirus. Its action is not exerted at the level of virion entry into the host cell. Moreover, the abolition of viral DNA replication is an indirect consequence of the drastic inhibition of RNA transcription.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/farmacología , Benzofuranos/farmacología , Poliomavirus/efectos de los fármacos , Actinas/genética , Animales , Antivirales/química , Benzofuranos/química , Línea Celular , ADN Viral/antagonistas & inhibidores , ADN Viral/biosíntesis , ADN Viral/genética , Fibroblastos/virología , Membrana Dobles de Lípidos/química , Ratones , Resonancia Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Poliomavirus/genética , Poliomavirus/fisiología , ARN Mensajero/análisis , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacos , Transfección , Virión , Replicación Viral/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Lichens are bioaccumulators of divalent metal ions and the interaction between the lichens and five heavy metals was studied. In order to have a better understanding of the metal-uptake process by the lichens, data from atomic absorption spectroscopy were used to calculate the apparent coordination constants of the lichen-metal ion interactions by means of the Langmuir elaboration and microcalorimetric measurements to obtain enthalpimetric information. The results showed a correlation between the Langmuir constants and enthalpimetric measurements.
RESUMEN
Usnic acid is a biosynthesis product characteristic of several epiphytic lichens such as Evernia, Cladonia and Parmelia. Usnic acid has several interesting biological properties. It is an antibiotic and it also seems to exert an antimitotic action. It has even been postulated that usnic acid can play a role as an environmental indicator, since its concentration varies according to the presence of toxic agents. A series of tests have been run on different biological systems such as fungi, yeasts, plant cells and neoplastic human cell cultures in order to make a general evaluation of the properties of usnic acid and to highlight any analogy between its effects on phylogenetically distant organisms. The results obtained confirm some of the already known properties of usnic acid and identify concentration ranges that are active against cells from different organisms. Furthermore, at low concentrations, the acid displays a capacity to stimulate cell metabolism in some of the biological systems tested.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Benzofuranos/farmacología , Mitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Benzofuranos/administración & dosificación , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Neoplasias Endometriales/patología , Femenino , Fusarium/efectos de los fármacos , Fusarium/crecimiento & desarrollo , Humanos , Consumo de Oxígeno/efectos de los fármacos , Plantas Tóxicas , Protoplastos/efectos de los fármacos , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/efectos de los fármacos , Nicotiana/efectos de los fármacos , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
This article provides an overview of AORN's Project Alpha and identifies multiple opportunities for RNs to promote the nursing profession and the perioperative nursing specialty. Individual and group Project Alpha activities can be used to enhance the education of health care consumers and other professionals about the essential role of perioperative nurses in the care of patients undergoing operative and other invasive procedures. The author suggests innovative strategies for AORN members to use in planning Project Alpha activities.
Asunto(s)
Enfermería Perioperatoria , Relaciones Públicas , Sociedades de Enfermería , Humanos , Pennsylvania , Enfermería Perioperatoria/educación , Sociedades de Enfermería/organización & administración , Estados Unidos , Grabación de Cinta de VideoRESUMEN
Removal of acoustic neuromas may often imply anesthesiological as well as surgical problems, especially in the case of large tumors (> 3 cm) which may have come into contact with vital neighbouring structures (brain stem, cerebellum). In this paper the use of two different anesthesiological methods during the translabyrinthine approach is analyzed and discussed in the light of the different needs in this type of surgery. More specifically, anesthesia maintenance was assured by constant infusion of either Propofol (4 mg/kg/h) or Isoflurane (1-1.5%). Withdrawal of curarization was also planned in order to allow the surgeon to take advantage of routine intraoperative facial nerve monitoring. Arterial pressure, CO2 and O2 were assessed at prefixed phases of the operation. Both anesthesiologic methods proved to be satisfactory during the entire surgical procedure. During dissection of the tumoral capsule, an increased heart rate (7% of the initial value) was noticed, whilst in only three patients (with tumors larger than 3.5 cm) a severe bradycardia, which did not respond to Atropine administration and which subsided spontaneously during temporary suspension of surgical manoeuvres, occurred. After this preliminary experience, the Authors believe that both techniques could have a major role in translabyrinthine acoustic tumor surgery and auspicate their further application.