RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This work investigated the healing and antisecretory effects of the aqueous extract of Eremomastax speciosa on "unhealed gastric ulcers" associated with gastric acid hypersecretion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: "Unhealed gastric ulcers" were induced using indomethacin following the establishment of acetic-acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers. The extract (200 and 400 mg/kg, per os) was administered concomitantly with indomethacin (1 mg/kg, subcutaneously). The effects of the extract on both basal and histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion were determined. Mucus secretion and oxidative stress parameters were measured, and histological assessment of ulcer healing was carried out. RESULTS: The extract significantly promoted the healing process in rats subjected to "unhealed gastric ulcers" (82.4-88.5% healing rates). Treatment with the extract significantly reduced the basal (25.95-49.51% reduction rates) and histamine-stimulated (24.25-47.41%) acid secretions. The healing effect of the extract was associated with a significant (p < 0.05) increase of mucus secretion and concentrations of antioxidant enzymes compared with the controls. The extract at the highest dose showed normalization of the mucosa, without glandular destruction and with the disappearance of fibrosis and lymphocyte infiltration. CONCLUSION: The abilities of the extract to increase mucus secretion, to reinforce antioxidant status, and to inhibit acid secretion would be some of the mechanisms by which this extract would accelerate the healing process in "unhealed gastric ulcers."
Asunto(s)
Acanthaceae/química , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Acético/toxicidad , Animales , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/química , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Indometacina/administración & dosificación , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/química , Ratas , Úlcera Gástrica/inducido químicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/metabolismo , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
In this descriptive retrospective study; we reviewed 300 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) diagnosed within 10 years from January 1; 2000 to December 31; 2010. The study took place in the pathology laboratories of the Central Hospital and the General Hospital in Yaounde; Cameroon. The aim was to review the anatomo-clinical and epidemiological aspects of the disease; especially with respect to its localization. We found that BL affected mostly children aged 5-14 years with peaks at 4 and 12 years. A slight male predominance was observed. The abdomino-pelvic site was more frequent (57.7%). Diagnosis of the tumor was mainly by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). About 6% of our patients tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We recommend further in-depth studies to find out if there are any emerging factors that influence the localization of the disease in endemic areas or if our finding is incidental
Asunto(s)
Linfoma de Burkitt , Informes de Casos , Instituciones de Salud , RevisiónRESUMEN
Decoctions prepared from Enantia chlorantha are used in the traditional treatment of some forms of ulcers. We have tested the anti-ulcer actions of a novel protoberberine-type alkaloid (7,8,-dihydro-8-hydroxypalmatine (1)) obtained from the bark of E. chlorantha using the HCl/ethanol, absolute ethanol and pylorus ligation techniques. The healing effect on chronic acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer was also tested. 1 (50 and 100 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited the formation of gastric ulcers induced by HCl/ethanol (35-52% inhibition), absolute ethanol (46-53% inhibition) and pylorus ligation (38-62% inhibition). The prophylactic actions were associated with significant increases in gastric mucus production compared with the controls. The significant inhibition of pylorus-ligated ulcers occurred at gastric acid concentrations (83 mEq/l) previously known to induce severe gastric ulceration in rats. The ulcer-healing test showed significant macromorphological and histological acceleration of healing following 10-day treatment with 1 (40 - 80 mg/kg). The results show that 1 has no anti-secretory effects. The prophylactic anti-ulcer effects are associated with enhanced mucus production, which is an important factor in the mechanism of the local healing process of chronic gastric ulcers.