RESUMEN
Objective. This study aimed to determine the possible relationship between variability of diabetic macular edema associated with hypertension retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and essential high blood pressure, in correlation with contrast sensitivity. Material and Methods. In order to accomplish the objective, this retrospective study evaluated the progression of diabetic macular edema in patients with high blood pressure during day time through measurements of the total macular volume and central macular thickness using optical coherence tomography and contrast sensitivity variations measured through Pelli Robson test, four times a day, along with glycemia and blood pressure measurements. Results. Our results showed a statistically significant correlation between the values of glycemia and central macular thickness, and between contrast sensitivity and macular thickness at every tested hour. Conclusions. The study revealed many statistically significant correlations involving blood pressure, blood glucose levels, Pelli Robson test and central macular thickness. Abbreviations: OCT = optical coherence tomography; DME = diabetic macula edema; SD-OCT = spectral domain optical coherence tomography; LOCS = lens opacities classification system; LE = left eye; ANOVA = analysis of variance.
Asunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Sensibilidad de Contraste/fisiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Retinopatía Diabética/diagnóstico , Hipertensión Esencial/complicaciones , Mácula Lútea/patología , Edema Macular/diagnóstico , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Retinopatía Diabética/complicaciones , Hipertensión Esencial/fisiopatología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Edema Macular/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodosRESUMEN
Objective. This study followed the variability in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area measured using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure. Material and Methods. This prospective, non-randomized, cohort study evaluated 46 eyes in 26 patients with high blood pressure associated with diabetic non-proliferative retinopathy (mild, medium, and severe forms) and diabetic proliferative retinopathy. Results. Our results showed early macular alterations (microaneurysms, leakage, neovascularizations, intraretinal microvascular abnormalities), a higher class of severity despite a relatively normal clinical aspect and higher values of FAZ associated with neovascularization undetected by SD-OCT (spectral domain-OCT). Conclusion. Measurement of the foveal avascular zone area using OCTA early detects macular alterations that precede classical retinography and SD-OCT determinations. Abbreviations: FAZ = foveal avascular zone; OCTA = optical coherence tomography angiography; IRMA = intraretinal microvascular abnormalities; SD-OCT = spectral domain-optical coherence tomography; OU = both eyes; PD = papillary diameter; ETDRS = early treatment diabetic retinopathy study; BP = blood pressure; OD = right eye.