RESUMEN
Vital functions and stress hormone levels during simulated emergency helicopter transport in healthy volunteers. Twenty-three volunteers were subjected to a simulated 15 minute rescue helicopter transport. We determined vital functions, ACTH, cortisol and prolactin during the flight and filled in a standardized questionnaire before and after the flight. Data were analysed descriptively, by means of cross tabulation, Spearman rank correlation and cross-correlation technique. During take-off we recorded a significant increase of vital parameters such as heart rate. Prolactin concentration rose slightly after the start. Maximum cortisol and ACTH levels were found before take-off and then they decreased gradually. As expected, ACTH and cortisol cross-correlated significantly without any relevant time lag. Test items showed a feeling of fear and concern before take off. After the flight the volunteers reported having less stress than expected. Particularly, diastolic blood pressure and prolactin levels were markedly associated with questionnaire items such as behaviour of the staff or nausea. Heart rate significantly correlated with anxiety scores. Helicopter transportation induced a marked stress reaction in healthy volunteers, which speaks in favour of smooth transports in modern helicopters and adequate behaviour towards the patient of the staff.
Asunto(s)
Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica/sangre , Ambulancias Aéreas , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia , Hidrocortisona/sangre , Estrés Psicológico/sangre , Adaptación Fisiológica , Adulto , Aeronaves , Análisis de Varianza , Miedo/fisiología , Miedo/psicología , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Prolactina/sangre , Valores de Referencia , Autoevaluación (Psicología) , Estrés Psicológico/psicologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The emergency transport in an ambulance can be a considerable physical and psychological stress for the patient. In this article we report on a stress test with 23 volunteers transported in an emergency helicopter. METHODS: We determined the hemodynamic and endocrinological values of 23 volunteers after a standardised 15-minute transportation in a helicopter type EC 135. RESULTS: During the take-off we registered an increase of the heart rate of 18% and endocrinological parameters were elevated up to 51%. All the registered values were within the physiological tolerance level. Psychological tests showed a feeling of fear and agitation before take-off, but after the flight the volunteers reported less stress than expected. CONCLUSION: The stress situation is caused by fear of the flight, that cannot be objectively justified. The relatively low stress induction by helicopter transportation might be an indication that there should be more patient transport with modern helicopters, especially for non-trauma patients. This subject deserves further investigation.
Asunto(s)
Ambulancias Aéreas , Ansiedad/psicología , Miedo/psicología , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Hormonas/sangre , Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica/sangre , Adulto , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangre , Masculino , Prolactina/sangre , Pruebas PsicológicasRESUMEN
The essay illustrates the importance of the BALINT-concept for nursing studies. It is already possible to practically experience and consider the psychodynamic aspects of the relationship between patient and nurse during the study period. The concept is particularly suited to developing a psychosomatic approach and a "basic therapeutic attitude" in nursing. The concept can, like supervision, contribute to the "Mental hygiene" of the staff, as well as control the quality of care in nursing. A specific method of the BALINT-seminar, the author named this the "Three-phases-Technique", and its benefits, is illustrated through the case study of a session. The psychoanalytical terminology used will be explained in footnotes.