RESUMEN
Underutilized palm oil waste (shaft and bunch) and sawdust supplemented with wheat and rice bran were used to cultivate mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). Substrates were compounded following the designed protocol, bagged, and sterilized. Bags were inoculated with actively growing spawn, incubated at 28 ± 2 °C, ramified, and growth parameters were observed and recorded. The highest values were obtained in protein content of (19.14%) in the shaft supplemented with wheat bran, fat contents (1.70%) in the bunch alone, ash content of 10.10% and 9.59% in the fermented bunch, and bunch supplemented with wheat bran respectively. Bunch combined with sawdust gave the highest carbohydrate of 6.19%. Fermented bunch gave the highest value of vitamin A (2.21 UI/100g), E (5.71 UI/100g), and D (5.90 UI/100g). In the current study, it was shown that Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on the palm waste substrate supplemented with rice bran and wheat bran produced better dietic quality mushrooms.
RESUMEN
Major problems associated with the study of mushrooms in Nigeria are inaccuracy in identification, low bio-efficiency of commonly used substrate and difficulty in composting of substrates. The current study attempts the identification and characterization of Pleurotus species commonly cultivated in Western region of Nigeria, and evaluates the effectiveness of agricultural wastes in mushrooms cultivation. Molecular characterization was carried out for species identification. Different substrates combinations at ratio 1:1 were used. Molecular characterization revealed that the Pleurotus species grown in most farms and research institutes in South-western Nigeria are predominantly P. ostreatus and P. pulminarius. Palm bunch + Rice bran (8.24 ± 0.16) ramified almost twice faster than sawdust alone (4.98 ± 0.31) or any of the other substrates containing it. Fermented bunch (7.36 ± 0.19), the only substrate not sterilized also ramified faster than sawdust alone. All the other substrates compounded with palm bunch and shaft ramified faster than sawdust as lone substrate. In terms of yield, Palm bunch + Rice bran gave the highest (1774.75 g), followed by shaft + rice bran (1483.70 g), while the least value of 326. 94 g was obtained from sawdust. The highest value of biological efficient (BE) (100.57 g) and productivity (PT) (17.46 g) were obtained from shaft + Wheat bran and Palm bunch + Rice bran respectively, while sawdust gave lowest values of 13.08% and 3.23% for BE and PT respectively. Results obtained have shown that bunch and shaft supplemented with wheat and rice bran gave better yields and can be recommended for commercial mushrooms cultivation.