RESUMEN
Stool, blood and urine specimens have been collected from 380 inhabitants of all age groups living in the small town of Guadalupe in May 1992. The seroprevalence of Falciparum malaria (96%), toxoplasmosis (73.3%), have been measured.
Asunto(s)
Filariasis/epidemiología , Malaria Falciparum/epidemiología , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiología , Salud Urbana , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Islas del Atlántico/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vigilancia de la Población , Prevalencia , Estudios SeroepidemiológicosRESUMEN
Schistosomiasis intercalatum in known to exist in Saõ Tomé since 1988, (Corachan et al.). It is transmitted by Bulinus forskalii, (Brown et al., 1989). Stool, blood and urine specimens have been collected from 380 inhabitants of all age groups living in the small town of Guadalupe close to the Agua Traz river and Agua Polino. The prevalence of schistosomiasis by detection of S. intercalatum eggs in a 10 mg stool thick smear (Kato technique) is 25.5%. An excreted Schistosoma polysaccharide antigen, detected by means of a monoclonal antibody (Ripert et al., 1992), is found in 49.1% of the urine samples. Patients voiding S. intercalatum eggs in stools have been treated with praziquantel (40 mg/kg body weight), as recommended by WHO Expert Committee on Schistosomiasis, but it might be wise to also treat persons excreting antigen in urine. The prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis, ascariasis (73.7%), trichuriasis (73.7%) and necatoriasis have been measured.
Asunto(s)
Helmintiasis/parasitología , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/parasitología , Salud Urbana , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Islas del Atlántico/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Helmintiasis/epidemiología , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vigilancia de la Población , Prevalencia , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiología , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
The examination of 9,950 serums in Guadeloupe and Martinique has revealed the importance and the precocity of infestation by Toxoplasma: 56,9% of the population has complement fixing antibodies, 65,6% haemagglutinating antibodies and from the very first age groups onwards, nearly half the population is found to be infested. Although the consumption of insufficiently cooked meat is most frequently invoked, it would seem that this manner of contamination should not be incriminated in Guadeloupe and Martinique where the population traditionally lives on fish and well-cooked meat. Moreover, the great variability in the rates of infestation observed in the different localities studied leads one to envisage the invtervention of climatic factors favoring the survival of the oocysts born of the sexed multipilication of the parasite in the external environment.
Asunto(s)
Toxoplasmosis/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anticuerpos/análisis , Formación de Anticuerpos , Niño , Preescolar , Pruebas de Fijación del Complemento , Pruebas de Hemaglutinación , Humanos , Martinica , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Serológicas , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiología , Indias OccidentalesRESUMEN
A study of 4,600 sera by means of a micro-method of complement fixation with a delipidated antigen allowed to evaluate the significance of intestinal bilharziosis at la Martinique and to precise its geographical distribution in the various areas of the island. The mean infestation ratio (about 27 0/0) is much higher than that obtained with parasitologic techniques; it confirms the great sensitivity of immunological methods and the high percentage of infested people in these areas. On the other hand the study of infestation ratio in the various places shows the role played by the hydrographic system and its relationship with the habitat: a fundamental opposition is observed between two areas: the North of the island, which is damp, with many rivers and highly infested, and the South, dry, with a much lower infestation ratio.
Asunto(s)
Esquistosomiasis/epidemiología , Pruebas de Fijación del Complemento , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Martinica , Schistosoma/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
The author studies the significance of intestinal bilharziosis in Guadeloupe. Immunologic methods have been used because of their greater sensitivity: a complement fixation micromethod using a delipidated antigen is described. The study of about 8,500 sera taken in various areas showed the significance of bilharziosis: the mean level of positive sera was 35%, a figure much higher than those obtained with parasitologic methods. The percentage observed in the various regions showed sometimes very great differences, which may be explained by various factors, the most important ones being the population density, the disposition of the hydrographic network and its relationships with habitat. Such a study, if it could be carried out during the next years, should allow to appreciate the efficiency of the control measures of the endemia.