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OBJECTIVE: Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a non-polar molecule used in industry in grain curing, insect-killing and especially in the production of chlorofluorocarbons. It is estimated that an average of 70,000 industry workers in Europe are exposed to this toxic compound. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups: control group (saline only, Group I), infliximab (INF) group (Group II), CCl4 group (Group III) and CCl4+INF group (Group IV). RESULTS: While there was an increase in the numerical density of CD3, CD68, and CD200R positive T lymphocytes and macrophages in the CCl4 administration group (p=0.000), this was not the case in the CCl4+INF administration group (p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS: TNF-α inhibitors have a protective effect against CCl4-induced spleen toxicity/inflammation as seen by the reduction in CD3, CD68, CD200R positive T lymphocytes and macrophages.
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Tetracloruro de Carbono , Bazo , Ratas , Masculino , Animales , Infliximab , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hígado/metabolismo , Estrés OxidativoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: bone defects drastically alter the patient's quality of life, and can produce serious sequelae such as dysfunctional shortening, angular deformity, joint stiffness and irreversible gait disorder. OBJECTIVE: to describe the experience of managing post-traumatic bone defects of long bones treated with the membrane induction technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: retrospective observational study of patients with bone defects greater than 3 cm in diaphyseal pseudoarthrosis of long bones, who underwent the Masquelet technique. Period taken from January 2019 to January 2021. All patients underwent vigorous debridement and stabilization of the fracture, to then place the cement spacer. Spacer removal was at 4-6 weeks. The degree of consolidation was assessed, as well as the evolution of the treatment. RESULT: 25 patients were included in the study; the mean age was 36.8 ± 8.9 years. Diameter of bone losses was 3 to 10 cm (84%) and > 10 cm (16%). Bone consolidation occurred in patients with a defect < 10 cm (16%). 32% of patients presented some complication. CONCLUSIONS: bone union was achieved only in a few patients with defects smaller than 10 cm, requiring alternative procedures in most cases. Proper selection of patients is required.
INTRODUCCIÓN: los defectos óseos alteran drásticamente la calidad de vida del paciente y pueden producir serias secuelas como acortamiento disfuncional, deformidad angular, rigidez articular y trastorno irreversible de la marcha. OBJETIVO: describir la experiencia clínica en el manejo de defectos óseos postraumáticos de huesos largos tratados con la técnica de inducción de membrana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio observacional, retrospectivo, de pacientes con defectos óseos mayores de 3 cm con pseudoartrosis diafisaria de huesos largos, a los que se aplicó la técnica de Masquelet. En el período de Enero de 2019 a Enero de 2021. A todos los pacientes se les realizó desbridamiento enérgico y estabilización de la fractura, para posteriormente colocar el espaciador de cemento. El retiro del espaciador fue a las 4-6 semanas. Se valoró el grado de consolidación y la evolución del tratamiento. RESULTADOS: se incluyeron 25 pacientes, la media de edad fue de 36.8 ± 8.9 años. El diámetro de las pérdidas óseas fue de 3 a 10 cm (84%) y > 10 cm (16%). La consolidación ósea se presentó en pacientes con un defecto < 10 cm (16%). Treinta y dos por ciento de los pacientes presentó alguna complicación. CONCLUSIONES: la consolidación ósea se logró sólo en aquellos pacientes con defectos < 10 cm, requiriendo procedimientos alternativos a la técnica de inducción de membrana en la mayoría de los casos. Se requiere una selección adecuada de pacientes para lograr la consolidación ósea por medio de esta técnica.
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Fracturas Óseas , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Abstract The presence of deciduous canines in adulthood may be of aesthetic concern for patients. Many clinical alternatives include surgical and orthodontic treatment. Since patients search for highly esthetic results and more conservative alternatives, the present clinical report describes a treatment for deciduous canine through an indirect composite resin veneer and an indirect composite resin fragment restoration in a premolar to improve esthetic outcomes with a one-year follow up.
Resumen La presencia de caninos deciduos en adultos puede ser de preocupación estética por parte de los pacientes. Diversas alternativas clínicas pueden incluir tratamientos quirúrgicos y ortodóncicos. Desde que los pacientes buscan por resultados de alta estética y cada vez más conservadores, es que el presente caso clínico describe el tratamiento de un canino deciduo mediante una carilla indirecta de resina compuesta junto a un fragmento indirecto de resina de un premolar con el fin de mejorar los resultados estéticos, y con un año de seguimiento.
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Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Diente Canino , Coronas con Frente EstéticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the most common presentation of PCV-2 is the subclinical infection in piglets after weaning. The success of PCV-2 vaccination is associated with the control of the clinical disease as well as the improvement of production parameters. In consequence, the objective of the present study was to analyse the effect of PCV-2 maternally derived antibody (MDA) levels on vaccine efficacy in piglets vaccinated at three weeks of age with a commercial PCV-2 subunit vaccine. The study was performed analysing a database with 6112 wean-to-slaughter piglets from 4 different European regions. RESULTS: Results showed that the use of the vaccine was able to decrease the PCV-2 viremia calculated as area under the curve (AUC = 60.29 ± 3.73), increase average daily weight gain (ADWG = 0.65 ± 0.01 kg/day) and reduce mortality (7%) in vaccinated piglets compared to non-vaccinated ones (AUC of 198.27 ± 6.14, 0.62 ± 0.01 kg/day and 11% respectively). The overall difference of ADWG between both groups was close to 30 g per day (p < 0.05), also when they were split for low and high levels of MDA titres. Moreover, the animals with the highest ADWG were observed in the group of piglets vaccinated with high or extremely high antibody titres (0.66 and 0.65 kg/day respectively). Considering only animals with extremely high antibody titres, both study groups performed similar, however there was a numerical difference of 10 g/day in favour of vaccinated piglets. Likewise, lack of correlation between ADWG and MDA was observed suggesting that no maternal antibody interference was present with the tested vaccine because the vaccinated animals grew faster compared to unvaccinated control animals, regardless of the level of maternal antibodies present at the time of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study demonstrated that the MDA against PCV-2 transferred through the colostrum intake has a protective effect against this viral infection. The vaccine used in the present study (Ingelvac CircoFLEX®) was effective when applied at three weeks of age and was not affected by the level of MDA at the time of vaccination.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events in patients with sepsis in its various stages. DESIGN: A longitudinal, descriptive, observational study was carried out. SETTING: Intensive care units of two university hospitals in Bogotá (Colombia). PATIENTS: A number of patients consecutively admitted to the adult ICU with a diagnosis of sepsis, and no evidence of previous ischemic myocardial injury. INTERVENTIONS: Forty-eight hours of electrocardiographic record using Holter technology. MAIN VARIABLES: Ischemia, cardiac arrhythmia, heart rate variability. RESULTS: A total of 100 patients were analyzed, 62% being staged as presenting septic shock. Three percent suffered ischemic events detected by Holter and unnoticed through conventional monitoring. Forty-six percent suffered an arrhythmic event detected by Holter, compared with only 6% as detected by conventional monitoring. Mortality was 40%. All patients showed loss of heart rate variability. CONCLUSION: In this study patients with sepsis showed a low incidence of cardiovascular ischemic events. In contrast, arrhythmic events showed a high incidence. Conventional monitoring failed to detect any of the ischemic events and most arrhythmic events. In this study, cardiovascular events generated by adrenergic discharge had no impact upon mortality.
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Arritmias Cardíacas/epidemiología , Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiología , Sepsis/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Arritmias Cardíacas/tratamiento farmacológico , Arritmias Cardíacas/etiología , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Colombia/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Electrocardiografía Ambulatoria , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Hospitales Universitarios/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Incidencia , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Isquemia Miocárdica/diagnóstico , Isquemia Miocárdica/tratamiento farmacológico , Isquemia Miocárdica/etiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
La uva Isabella (Vitis labrusca) es una variedad tinta que se ha adaptado óptimamente a las condiciones edafoclimáticas de la región de Villa del Rosario (Norte de Santander), y ha tenido buena aceptación en los mercados locales. Actualmente la uva se consume en fresco y se desconoce su contenido fenólico para la elaboración de vinos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer el contenido fenólico e identificar las levaduras de importancia vínica de esta variedad. Para ello, se tomaron bayas de dos vendimias consecutivas. Se analizaron parámetros como densidad, sólidos solubles, pH, acidez y el contenido fenólico total y extraíble. Asimismo, se identificaron las levaduras morfológica y bioquímicamente. Los resultados de los parámetros fisicoquímicos de las dos vendimias se promediaron y compararon con las uvas procedentes del Valle del Cauca. Se concluyó que las bayas de las dos regiones fueron similares en sus características físicas, y diferentes significativamente en cuanto a su composición química. El contenido fenólico total fue mayor en las uvas del Valle del Cauca, mientras que el extraíble fue similar en las dos regiones. El examen microbiológico identificó cinco especies de levaduras: Kloeckera apiculata, Criptococcus laurentii, Candida guillermondii Candida novergensis y Rhodotorula glutinis.
The Isabella grape (Vitis labrusca) is a red variety that has been optimally adapted to the edafoclimaticconditions in the region of Villa del Rosario (Norte de Santander) and has been accepted also in local markets. Currently, the grape is eaten fresh and its potential for winemaking is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish the phenolic potential and identify important yeasts of this kind ofgrape for winemaking. To this end, berries taken from two consecutive vintages were analyzed. Parametersanalyzed were density, soluble solids, pH, acidity and total and removable phenolic potential. The yeasts were identified morphologically and biochemically. The results of the physicochemical parameters of the two vintages were averaged and compared with results for grapes from Valle del Cauca. The results indicated that the berries of the two regions were similar in physical characteristics but significantlydifferent in terms of chemical composition. The total phenolic potential was higher in grapes from Valle del Cauca, while removable was similar in the two regions. Five yeast species: Kloeckera apiculata, Criptococcus laurentii, Candida guillermondii, Candida novergensis and Rhodotorula glutinis were microbiologically isolated and identified.
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Antioxidantes , Antocianinas , LevadurasRESUMEN
We report the case of a female patient, 56-year-old housewife, for the first time user of last generation contact lenses: Lotrafilcon B, which presented a severe corneal ulcer by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hev left eye and subsequently required keratoplasty. Initially she reported pain and arrived at the emergency department with red eye, corneal central ulcer of three days of evolution and hypopion. Initially she received topic mydriatic drugs and prednisolone at 1%. At the next day the ophthalmologycal exam showed hypopion at 5% and a central severe ulcer greater than 3 mm in diameter with sharp edges and mucopurulent secretion. The treatment was changed to moxifloxacin and natamycin. The microbiological analysis performed in two laboratories yielded Aspergillus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa sensitive to ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, gentamicin and moxifloxacin. The presence of Aspergillus was interpreted as a pollution lens case and likely colonization of the cornea because of the patient good performance. After four months although improving she required corneal transplantation. Photographic documentation of the case under illumination with slit lamp is presented.
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Lentes de Contacto de Uso Prolongado/efectos adversos , Úlcera de la Córnea/microbiología , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/complicaciones , Lentes de Contacto de Uso Prolongado/microbiología , Trasplante de Córnea , Úlcera de la Córnea/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/tratamiento farmacológico , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
We report the case of a female patient, 56-year-old housewife, for the first time user of last generation contact lenses: Lotrafilcon B, which presented a severe corneal ulcer by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hev left eye and subsequently required keratoplasty. Initially she reported pain and arrived at the emergency department with red eye, corneal central ulcer of three days of evolution and hypopion. Initially she received topic mydriatic drugs and prednisolone at 1 percent. At the next day the ophthalmologycal exam showed hypopion at 5 percent and a central severe ulcer greater than 3 mm in diameter with sharp edges and mucopurulent secretion. The treatment was changed to moxifloxacin and natamycin. The microbiological analysis performed in two laboratories yielded Aspergillus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa sensitive to ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, gentamicin and moxifloxacin. The presence of Aspergillus was interpreted as a pollution lens case and likely colonization of the cornea because of the patient good performance. After four months although improving she required corneal transplantation. Photographic documentation of the case under illumination with slit lamp is presented.
Se comunica el caso de una paciente mujer, de 56 años de edad, ama de casa, usuaria por primera vez de lentes de contacto de última generación: lotrafilcon B, que presentó una úlcera corneal grave por Pseudomonas aeruginosa en su ojo izquierdo y posteriormente requirió quera toplastía. Inicialmente reportó dolor y llegó a la unidad de urgencia con ojo rojo, úlcera corneal central de tres días de evolución e hipopión. El tratamiento farmacológico inicial fue con midriático y prednisolona al 1 por ciento. La valoración oftalmológica del día siguiente demostró hipopión al 5 por ciento y úlcera central grave mayor a 3 mm de diámetro con bordes definidos y secreción mucopurulenta. Se cambió tratamiento a moxifloxacina y natamicina. El análisis microbiológico en dos laboratorios, confirmó el aislado de Aspergillus sp y Pseudomonas aeruginosa; esta última sensible a ciprofloxacina, tobramicina, gentamicina y moxifloxacina. La presencia de Aspergillus se interpretó como contaminación del estuche y probable colonización de la cornea por la clínica y buena evolución. A los cuatro meses de evolución, aunque presentó mejoría, requirió trasplante corneal. Se incluye documentación fotográfica del caso bajo iluminación con lámpara de hendidura.
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Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lentes de Contacto de Uso Prolongado/efectos adversos , Úlcera de la Córnea/microbiología , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/complicaciones , Trasplante de Córnea , Lentes de Contacto de Uso Prolongado/microbiología , Úlcera de la Córnea/cirugía , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/tratamiento farmacológico , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Los compuestos fenólicos tienen un papel muy importante en la calidad de los vinos tintos. Ellos proporcionan características sensoriales como sabor, aroma, color, astringencia, entre otras. En el presente estudio se analizan siete vinos tintos comerciales de diferente origen geográfico, a los cuales se les determina el índice de polifenoles totales (IPT), cantidad de taninos, cantidad de antocianos y las características cromáticas. En el análisis del IPT se observa que entre todos los vinos es similar sin importar el origen. Los vinos Colombianos presentan valores bajos de contenido de taninos y de antocianos que los vinos internacionales. Mientras que las características cromáticas en todos los vinos presentan un valor medio de intensidad colorante, siendo los vinos Colombianos los que menor valor presentan. En cuanto a la tonalidad los vinos Colombianos son similares a los vinos internacionales. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que el IPT en todos los vinos es similar y que se encuentran en el rango normal de un vino tinto joven. Igualmente sucede lo mismo con las características cromáticas. Mientras que el contenido de antocianos de taninos en los vino Colombianos son más bajos que en los importados
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TaninosRESUMEN
Barchans are dunes of high mobility which have a crescent shape and propagate under conditions of unidirectional wind. However, sand dunes only appear above a critical size, which scales with the saturation distance of the sand flux [P. Hersen, S. Douady, and B. Andreotti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 264301 (2002); B. Andreotti, P. Claudin, and S. Douady, Eur. Phys. J. B 28, 321 (2002); G. Sauermann, K. Kroy, and H. J. Herrmann, Phys. Rev. E 64, 31305 (2001)]. It has been suggested by P. Hersen, S. Douady, and B. Andreotti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 264301 (2002)] that this flux fetch distance is itself constant. Indeed, this could not explain the protosize of barchan dunes, which often occur in coastal areas of high litoral drift, and the scale of dunes on Mars. In the present work, we show from three-dimensional calculations of sand transport that the size and the shape of the minimal barchan dune depend on the wind friction speed and the sand flux on the area between dunes in a field. Our results explain the common appearance of barchans a few tens of centimeter high which are observed along coasts. Furthermore, we find that the rate at which grains enter saltation on Mars is one order of magnitude higher than on Earth, and is relevant to correctly obtain the minimal dune size on Mars.
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We report a case of necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis in the spermatic cord in a 35-year-old man with an antecedent of brain stroke 3 years before. The clinical manifestation was as a painless left scrotal mass. The diagnosis was established by histological examination of the spermatic cord. We discuss the physical findings, radiological features and pathological findings, reviewing the literature for previous similar cases.
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Poliarteritis Nudosa/patología , Cordón Espermático/patología , Adulto , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de los Genitales Masculinos/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Poliarteritis Nudosa/complicaciones , Poliarteritis Nudosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Pregnenodionas/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vasculitis/complicaciones , Vasculitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Vasculitis/patologíaRESUMEN
Beautiful dune patterns can be found in deserts and along coasts due to the instability of a plain sheet of sand under the action of the wind. Barchan dunes are highly mobile aeolian dunes found in areas of low sand availability and unidirectional wind fields. Up to now modelization mainly focused on single dunes or dune patterns without regarding the mechanisms of dune interactions. We study the case when a small dune bumps into a bigger one. Recently Schwämmle and Herrmann [Nature (London) 426, 610 (2003)] and Katsuki [(e-print cond-mat 0403312)] have shown that under certain circumstances dunes can behave like solitary waves. This means that they can "cross" each other which has been questioned by many researchers before. In other cases we observe coalescence--i.e., both dunes merge into one--breeding--i.e., the creation of three baby dunes at the center and horns of a Barchan dune--or budding--i.e., the small dune, after "crossing" the big one, is unstable and splits into two new dunes.
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Describimos una vasculitis granulomatosa necrotizante del cordón espermático en un varón de 35 años que presentó tres años antes un accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACVA) de etiología no filiada. La forma de presentación clínica fue una masa no dolorosa en región testicular izquierda. El diagnóstico fue realizado en biopsia del cordón espermático. Se comentan las características clínicas, radiológicas e histológicas de este caso y se revisa la literatura (AU)
We report a case of necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis in the spermatic cord in a 35-year-oldman with an antecedent of brain stroke 3 years before. The clinical manifestation was as a painless left scrotal mass. The diagnosis was established by histological examination of the spermatic cord. We discuss the physical findings, radiological features and pathological findings, reviewing the literature for previous similar cases (AU)
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Adulto , Humanos , Poliarteritis Nudosa/patología , Cordón Espermático/patología , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Poliarteritis Nudosa/complicaciones , Poliarteritis Nudosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Pregnenodionas/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vasculitis/complicaciones , Vasculitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Vasculitis/patología , Neoplasias de los Genitales Masculinos/diagnósticoRESUMEN
The field trials of a prompt gamma neutron activation (PGNAA) spectrometric logging method and instrumentation (SIROLOG) for copper grade estimation in production holes of a porphyry type copper ore mine, Chuquicamata in Chile, are described. Examples of data analysis, calibration procedures and copper grade profiles are provided. The field tests have proved the suitability of the PGNAA logging system for in situ quality control of copper ore.
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Infecciones por Fusobacterium/veterinaria , Fusobacterium necrophorum/aislamiento & purificación , Gingivitis Ulcerosa Necrotizante/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/patología , Animales , Femenino , Infecciones por Fusobacterium/microbiología , Infecciones por Fusobacterium/patología , Gingivitis Ulcerosa Necrotizante/microbiología , Gingivitis Ulcerosa Necrotizante/patología , Mucosa Bucal/microbiología , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/microbiologíaRESUMEN
A case of combined local surgical and prosthetic treatment in a patient with craniofacial dysostosis (Crouzon Syndrome) is described. The patient had atrophy and anterior fibrous replacement of the edentulous maxilla opposing natural mandibular anterior teeth and a lower removable partial denture. Initial prosthetic treatment alone was unsuccessful. The surgical management comprised augmentation of the maxilla with resorbable hydroxyapatite, in conjunction with a guided tissue regeneration technique and vestibuloplasty. This enabled conventional prosthetic management postoperatively to achieve an acceptable functional and aesthetic result.