RESUMEN
ABSTRACT: In the period from January 2004 to December 2015, 56 dogs were diagnosed with rangeliosis in the Setor de Patologia Veterinária at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS). The main hematological abnormalities were thrombocytopenia and anemia. The affected dogs showed signs of apathy, anorexia, fetid and bloody diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration. At necropsy, the main changes were jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenomegaly. Histological analyses revealed parasitophorous vacuoles of Rangelia vitalii in cytoplasmic endothelial cells, mainly in the heart, kidneys, lymph nodes, intestines, and pancreas. Inflammation characterized by mononuclear cells was predominant in the analysis, and most was due to the presence of plasma cells. Other lesion types observed were lymphoid hyperplasia, extramedullary hematopoiesis, erythrophagocytosis, and erythroid lineage hyperplasia in bone marrow. Of the total number of animals, 49 were diagnosed using necropsy and histological analysis, and seven were diagnosed using a molecular analysis (i.e., PCR and genetic sequencing of blood samples). This paper presented a different method of diagnosing rangeliosis in canines. This approach involved histological methods including the quantification and determination of the intensity and distribution of the infectious agent in different organs.
RESUMO: No período de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2015, 56 caninos domésticos obtiveram o diagnóstico de rangeliose no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Os cães apresentaram sinais de apatia, anorexia, diarreia fétida e sanguinolenta, êmese e desidratação. As principais alterações hematológicas foram trombocitopenia e anemia. Na necropsia as principais alterações foram icterícia, esplenomegalia, hepatomegalia e linfadenomegalia. Na análise histológica observou-se vacúolos parasitóforos de Rangelia vitalii no citoplasma de células endoteliais, principalmente no coração, rins, linfonodos, intestinos e pâncreas. A inflamação mononuclear foi predominante na análise, sendo que a maioria deu-se pela presença de plasmócitos. Entre outras lesões frequentemente observadas estão hiperplasia linfoide, hematopoiese extramedular e eritrofagocitose, e hiperplasia de linhagem eritroide em medula óssea. Do total, 49 cães foram diagnosticados através de necropsia e análise histológica, e 7 animais através de análise molecular da PCR e sequenciamento genético de amostras de sangue. Este trabalho apresenta um diagnóstico diferencial de rangeliose em caninos, através do método histológico de quantificação e determinação de intensidade e distribuição do agente em diferentes órgãos.
RESUMEN
Hemoplasmas are ubiquitous pleomorphic and epicellular bacteria detected in erythrocytes in several species. In Brazil, studies on hemoplasmas have not included information on occurrence, clinical signs, and risk factors in dogs. This paper investigates the occurrence of hemoplasmas in dogs, focusing on risk factors and clinical status. Conventional PCR for the four types of canine hemoplasmas was performed in 331 blood samples collected from dogs clinically treated at a teaching veterinary hospital. Of all samples, 17/331 (5.1%) were positive for Mycoplasma haemocanis and 6/331 (1.8%) were positive for a 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum-like' organism. Risk factors included the presence of vectors, old age, dog bite wounds, and neoplastic diseases. In the multivariate analysis, a 4.40 odds ratio in dogs with vector-borne diseases indicated risk for hemoplasmosis. There was correlation between hemoplasma infection and neoplastic disease, suggesting that neoplastic conditions are a risk factor for hemoplasma infection in dogs.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/veterinaria , Mycoplasma/clasificación , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Perros , Femenino , Gliceraldehído-3-Fosfato Deshidrogenasa (Fosforilante)/genética , Masculino , Mycoplasma/genética , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
A ovariohisterectomia (OH) eletiva em cadelas é o procedimento mais realizado na cirurgia de pequenos animais. No presente trabalho, foram utilizados três grupos de sete animais (GI, GII e GIII), submetidos a três técnicas de OH eletiva: por celiotomia ("técnica convencional"), por miniceliotomia ("técnica do gancho de Snook"), via cirurgia endoscópica transluminal por orifícios naturais (NOTES) híbrida. Na comparação, foram considerados o tempo de cirurgia, as complicações e dificuldades técnicas trans e pós-operatórias, a avaliação de dor pós-operatória, a quantidade (g) de sangramento cirúrgico estimado, além da determinação de determinados parâmetros vitais, como: frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (ƒ), temperatura retal, pressão arterial (média) invasiva (PAI) e a pressão venosa central (PVC). A OH via NOTES vaginal híbrida foi a técnica que apresentou menor escore de desconforto pós-operatório, menor sangramento cirúrgico, porém com maior tempo cirúrgico, comparado com as modalidade convencional e por miniceliotomia.
The elective ovariohysterectomy (OH) is the most frequent procedures performed in dogs. In this study was used three groups of seven animals each (GI, GII, and GIII) that was undergone to three elective OH techniques: (i) mini-celiotomy ("Snook-hook technique"), (ii) hybrid Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES), and (iii) celiotomy ("conventional surgery"). The surgical techniques were compared considering the surgery time, trans and postoperative complications, technical difficulties, postoperative pain, surgical bleedind and some vital parameters as: heart rate (FC), respiratory rate (ƒ), rectal temperature, invasive blood pressure (PVI) and central venous pressure (PVC). The OH by hybrid vaginal NOTES was the technique with the lowest post-surgical discomfort score and the lowest surgical bleeding, although its surgical time was higher compared to the conventional and the hook (mini-celiotomy) modalities.