RESUMEN
AIM: To test the main hypothesis that the deficit phenomena in schizophrenia act not in the 'pure' form, but in the form of aggravating personality characteristics, forming so-called 'common' syndromes with personality disorders (PD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The results of the psychopathological study (with the use of psychometric methods) of deficit disorders in a sample of 170 patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (63 men, 107 women) are presented in relation to the abnormal structure of premorbid personality (PD of clusters A, B, C). An analysis of negative symptoms according to the comparability of defect to the profile of premorbid personality made it possible to distinguish three groups of deficit states associated with PD - 'common syndromes': defensive schizoidy by the type of deficit schizoid and expansive schizoidy by the type of 'verschroben' (cluster A); pathological hysterical infantilism, malignant hysteria and defective erotomania (cluster B); pseudo-psychasthenia and pathological rationalism (cluster C). RESULTS: It has been found that the symptomatology of 'common syndromes' is subject to patterns reflecting the dichotomy of the basic defect. This pattern is valid not only for one single cluster of PD, but extends to all psychopathy-like disorders, regardless of their affiliation with a particular cluster. The pathocharacterological component of the 'common syndromes' coexisting with the deficit symptom complexes is subject to the basic deficit component of the defect and is separated into polar dimensions (defensive-expansive) within specific clusters of PD, and then unified in accordance with the dichotomy of schizophrenic defect in categories with the predominance of emotional or apathoabulic disorders. CONCLUSION: Psychopathy-like symptom complexes in the space of 'common syndromes' can be qualified as a psychopathological construct secondary to basic deficit disorders, and their isolation as an independent entity of negative disorders appears to be unjustified.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de la Personalidad , Esquizofrenia , Psicología del Esquizofrénico , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Psicometría , PsicopatologíaRESUMEN
We studied the efficacy of umbilical cord blood cells in the therapy of treatment-resistant depressive states in women. Concentrated umbilical cord blood cells were administered in a dose of 250 millions cells (4 injections at 1-week intervals). The control group received placebo. In both groups, reduction of depressive disorders and the decrease in hypothymia severity were observed. Infusions of cell concentrate contributed to delayed correction of treatment resistance and reduced the severity of depression to moderate. In the main group, significant, persistent, and long-term positive dynamics was observed in the cognitive sphere. The therapeutic potential of umbilical cord blood cell concentrate can be used to overcome treatment resistance formed in depressive patients.
Asunto(s)
Tratamiento Basado en Trasplante de Células y Tejidos/métodos , Trastorno Depresivo Resistente al Tratamiento/terapia , Sangre Fetal/trasplante , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Adulto , Trastornos Bipolares y Relacionados/terapia , Citocinas/sangre , Femenino , Sangre Fetal/citología , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/citología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , PlacebosRESUMEN
In this literature review, authors analyzed the history of studies on psychogenic (stress-included) depressions and the current state of the problem. The status of these diseases in classification systems, main directions of current research, proposed conceptions and perspectives of future studies in the filed are considered.