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Results of study of microecological disorders in oral cavity of patients with non-specific ulcerative colitis (NSUC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and control subjects (patients with hypertension). Condition of mucosa was assessed on the basis of morphological data and electrophoretic mobility of cell nuclei, whereas structure of microbiocenosis and metabolic activity of microflora--on the basis of saliva bacterial culture and contents and profile of volatile fat acids in it. Detection rate of negative charge of the cell nuclei (decrease of functional activity of epithelium) was significantly higher in patients with NSUC and CD (66.6%) compared with controls (10%). This fact was directly related with hypercolonization of oral cavity by Gram-negative microflora. Lesions of mucosa which are characteristic of NSUC and CD and determined by pathologic immune mechanisms correlated with quantity of pathogenic microflora (Staphylococcus aureus and Candida). Marked differences of chromatograms' patterns were observed in patients with NSUC and CD indicating the suppression of anaerobic microflora in patients with CD and hypercolonization of oral cavity by anaerobic microflora in majority of patients with NSUC.

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A significant correlation between development of colonic polyps and long-lasting irritable colon syndrome was established. However, within the time interval studied (13-15 years), polyps which were mostly true adenomas did not turn malignant.

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The possibility of detecting propionic acid-producing bacteria in the intestine of healthy humans with a view to obtaining a strain which is physiologically most suitable for therapeutic purposes has been studied. The selective conditions for the isolation of propionic acid-producing bacteria from the large intestine have been experimentally established. Analysis of 70 puncture biopsy specimens of parietal mucus and luminal contents from different sections of the intestine has not shown the presence of the representatives of propionic acid-producing bacteria. The strains isolated under the conditions selective for such bacteria have been found to belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae. These strains have proved capable of synthesizing vitamin B12, but the synthesis of propionic acid has not been observed.

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The paper deals with the problem of using wheat bran in the treatment of patients with irritable colon syndrome expressed as spastic constipation. The effectiveness of the treatment with the wheat bran only (in a dose of 30-35 g/day), and in combination with drugs was comparatively studied in 105 patients. The bran fractions differing in the particle size, in the content of cellulose, starch and vitamins were used in the treatment. The combined therapy proved to be advantageous only in the rate of the clinical effect, while the acceleration of the movement along the large intestine did not depend on the treatment type. A long-term (during one year) follow-up of the patients showed that the bran intake led to the cessation of the disease relapse; when the bran was abolished the symptoms of the disease appeared in 11 out of 12 cases. The highest effect was recorded with the bran fraction containing 55.3% cellulose, 18.3% lignin, 157 micrograms tocopherol and the lowest amount of starch--18.0%. A conclusion has been made that the wheat bran are effective in the treatment and prevention of intestinal diseases, the effectiveness of the treatment depends on the summary content of food fibers in the nutrition.

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The authors present the preliminary results of double daily irradiation with a 4-hour interval of patients with rhinopharyngeal cancer (30 persons) and lymphosarcoma (18). This irradiation variant was well tolerated; all the patients received radiotherapy in accordance with the plan of irradiating tumors with mean focal doses of 70-76 Gy for rhinopharyngeal cancer and 40-50 Gy for lymphosarcoma. Complete tumor regression by the end of radiotherapy was achieved in 75%, partial in 25% of patients with rhinopharyngeal cancer. In lymphosarcoma, these figures were 80 and 20%, respectively. No late injuries of the normal tissues after 6-36 months were noted in patients.

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