RESUMEN
Fat mass and obesity-related (FTO) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) interferes with food preferences that impact macronutrient intake. Few studies have investigated the relationship of this polymorphisms with the intake of micronutrients. Moreover, studies have shown multiple micronutrient deficiencies in patients with obesity. This work evaluated the effect of the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism on dietary nutritional quality and food intake of macronutrients and vitamins in of women with obesity candidates for metabolic surgery. The study included 106 women (24 to 60 years old) with BMIs of 36.1 to 64.8 kg/m2. A food frequency questionnaire validated for the local population was applied to obtain information about food intake. The Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) was used to assess the adequacy of macronutrient and vitamin intake. Energy, protein and lipid intakes were higher in carriers of the A allele compared to TT in the younger age groups but were similar in the class of subjects aged ≥45 years. The INQ for protein was higher in carriers of the A allele than in carriers of the TT allele. The INQs for protein, carbohydrate, vitamins B2, B3 and B6 decreased, whereas the INQ for vitamin C increased with advancing age. The INQ for vitamin A was lower in AA than in TT, regardless of age, whereas vitamin E was higher in younger AA than in older AA. The INQ for vitamin B9 was higher in younger women than in older women. In conclusion, the FTO gene contributed to the intake of more energy, protein and lipids and interfered with the intake of vitamins B9, A and E. With the exception of vitamin A, the effect of the genotype was attenuated with ageing.
Asunto(s)
Dioxigenasa FTO Dependiente de Alfa-Cetoglutarato , Nutrientes , Obesidad Mórbida , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Vitaminas , Humanos , Dioxigenasa FTO Dependiente de Alfa-Cetoglutarato/genética , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Obesidad Mórbida/genética , Vitaminas/administración & dosificación , Nutrientes/administración & dosificación , Ingestión de Energía , Adulto Joven , Alelos , Estado Nutricional/genética , Factores de EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The common occurrence of Candida spp. on the vaginal mucosa of pregnant women suggests this as the source of neonatal candidiasis. METHODS: This study investigated the occurrence of yeasts on the vaginal mucosa of 100 mothers at the time of birth, and on the oral mucosa of their respective neonates, all full-term, on the 1st, 3rd, and 9th days after birth by vaginal (72 cases) and cesarean (28 cases) routes. In each case where concordance at the level of species was found between the isolate from the mother and that from the neonate, tests were made to check for concordance between the genotypic and phenotypic profiles (susceptibility to killer toxins, serotyping, proteinase and phospholipase production, and susceptibility to antifungal agents). RESULTS: For the vaginal-route group, yeasts were recovered from the vaginal mucosa of 47.2% of the mothers and from 25% of the neonates. For the cesarean-route group, these rates were 46.4% and 3.6%, respectively. Species found most frequently in the samples from the mothers and the neonates were, respectively C. albicans and C. guilliermondii. For the vaginal-route group, the rate of mother/neonate concordance at the level of species was 23.5% and no cases of concordance for the cesarean births. Of these cases with species concordance, there was concordance between the genotypic and phenotypic profiles in 6% (2 cases). CONCLUSION: The vaginal mucosa was not the main route of transmission of the Candida species to the neonate, because there was concordance between the genotypic and phenotypic profiles in only 6% (2 cases).
Asunto(s)
Candida/aislamiento & purificación , Candidiasis/transmisión , Membrana Mucosa/microbiología , Candida/clasificación , Candidiasis/microbiología , Cesárea , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Transmisión Vertical de Enfermedad Infecciosa , Boca/microbiología , Parto , Embarazo , Vagina/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Este artículo une los resultados de trabajos de grado realizados en el 2002 y en 2004 que tienen como propósito determinar la presencia de microorganismos productores de b-lactamasas en dientes con periodontitis apical crónica supurativa. La segunda parte se encaminó a obtener una ampliación de la muestra obtenida en la primera etapa del presente estudio y poder evaluar los resultados con un muestreo más representativo. Se tomaron 39 muestras de conductos con diangóstico de periodontitis apical crónica supurativa en el Hospital Rafael Uribe Uribe, que posteriormente fueron llevados al laboratorio de la Universidad El Bosque, en un medio de transporte VMGAIII. Se identificaron los bacilos gram negativos potencialmente productores de b-lactamasas mediante el sistema Rapid ID32A(R)(Biomerieux), a los que se les reálizó prueba de b-lactamasa Cefinase(R)(Becton Dickinson). De un total de 39 muestras, 14 no se tomaron en cuenta por resultar negativas (ausencia de microorganismos); en las 25 restantes se aisló: Prevotella denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas asacharolitica, Actinomyces Spp., Prevotella intermedia/nigrecens, Propionibacterium acnes, A. meyeri, Fusobacterium Spp., A. odontoliticus, Prevotella melaninogenica, Peptostreptococcus magnus, Campylobacter Spp., Peptoestreptococcus micros, Peptoestreptococcus anaerobios, Serratia Marscenscens, Eubacterium Spp., y Staphilococcus Spp. Se encontró producción de b-lactamasa en Pophyromonas asacharolitica (1/1), Prevotella denticola (1/1), Prevotella intermedia (3/3), Prevotella melaninogenica (1/1), Prevotella intermedia/nigrecens (3/5), Serratia Marscenscens (1/1). Con los resultados obtenidos se sugiere determinar en una próxima investigación si estos microorganismos intervienen en los procesos de agudización de la periodontitis apical crónica supurativa y posteriormente determinar una adecuada terapia antibiótica