RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Scarce data are available on Group A Streptococcus (GAS) antibiotic resistance in South America. METHODOLOGY: The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of GAS recovered from symptomatic children living in the central part of Brazil during a prospective epidemiological study were analyzed. RESULTS: No isolates were resistant to penicillin or macrolides.  Sixty-one percent of the isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline, of which 85% harboured the tetM resistance gene. Ninety-five percent of these tetracycline resistant isolates were also resistant to minocycline. Thirty different emm-types were associated with tetracycline resistance. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that tetracycline resistance arose independently in distantly related emm-types. CONCLUSIONS: A high level of GAS tetracycline resistance has been observed in the central part of Brazil due to the polyclonal dissemination of resistant emm-types.

Asunto(s)

Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/epidemiología , Streptococcus pyogenes/efectos de los fármacos , Resistencia a la Tetraciclina/genética , Adolescente , Antígenos Bacterianos/genética , Proteínas de la Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Brasil/epidemiología , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Niño , Preescolar , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Humanos , Lactante , Macrólidos/farmacología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Minociclina/farmacología , Penicilinas/farmacología , Filogenia , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/microbiología , Streptococcus pyogenes/genética , Streptococcus pyogenes/aislamiento & purificación