RESUMEN
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of whole-body cryostimulation on the activity of selected antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in kayaker women in the course of training. METHODS: The study was performed on the group of 9 kayaker women, who underwent two training cycles: one typical ten-day training cycle and the another ten-day cycle preceded by cryostimulation sessions twice a day. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was assayed in erythrocytes, while the concentration of lipid peroxidation products was measured both in erythrocytes and in blood plasma. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in erythrocytes and in concentration of conjugated dienes (CD) in blood plasma and erythrocytes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in plasma was revealed in kayaker women after the first six days of training without cryostimulation. Comparing two performed training cycles, after the first six days of training preceded by cryostimulation lower SOD and GPx activity in erythrocytes was detected, as well as lower CD levels in blood plasma and erythrocytes and lower TBARS concentration in blood plasma of kayaker women than after the six days of training without cryostimulation. CONCLUSIONS: Whole-body cryostimulation improves the antioxidant capacity of organism exposed to intense exercise. Brief application of cryogenic temperatures is likely related to the activation of adaptive homeostatic mechanisms in accordance with the hormetic dose-response model.
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Rendimiento Atlético/fisiología , Crioterapia , Estrés Oxidativo , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Femenino , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Humanos , Peroxidación de Lípido , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Several platinum(IV) complexes are showing considerable promise in initial trials, producing reactive intermediates that then interact with DNA. AIM: To perform in vitro study of two new platinum(IV) complexes cytotoxic effect on B16 mouse melanoma cells. METHODS: PtCl(4)(dbtp)(2) and PtCl(2)(6mp)(2) complexes were prepared. PtCl(4)(dbtp)(2) was created as modification of PtCl(4)(dmtp) test previously. Apoptosis and necrosis were examined using flow cytometry, upon Annexin V/PI staining. RESULTS: LC(10), LC(50) and LC(90) parameters established for PtCl(4)(dbtp)(2) were as following: 2.6, 17.0, 58.0 mumol/L. However LC(10) and LC(50) established for PtCl(2)(6mp)(2) were 1.2 and 14.0 micromol/l respectively. The both complexes induced apoptosis. PtCl(2)(6mp)(2) induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1, while PtCl(4)(dbtp)(2) - in S-phase. CONCLUSIONS: PtCl(4)(dbtp)(2) appeared to be more cytotoxic against B16 cells than PtCl(2)(6mp)(2). Apoptosis was the main mechanism of cell loss in cultures incubated with both tested complexes.
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Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Melanoma Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Compuestos Organoplatinos/farmacología , Animales , Antineoplásicos/química , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Ciclo Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Compuestos Organoplatinos/química , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The aim of the study was to determine the activity of cathepsin D (CTSD) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) in the blood serum of women with cervical carcinoma treated with different modes of therapy. METHODS: The study was conducted on 68 women suffering from carcinoma of the uterine cervix, that were irradiated intracavitarily by a Selectron LDR brachytherapy unit. Additionally, all patients were treated with different therapy methods according to clinical stage. RESULTS: In women with cervical cancer, CTSD activity was higher while AAT activity was lower both before and after brachytherapy sessions as compared to controls. Six months after the end of therapy, the activity of CTSD and AAT reverted back to the values characteristic for healthy women. CONCLUSION: The estimation of cathepsin D and alpha-1-antitrypsin activity during the course of cervical cancer management may be useful in early detection of potential recurrence and/or widespread metastasis formation.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Catepsina D/sangre , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/terapia , alfa 1-Antitripsina/sangre , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Braquiterapia , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/sangreRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different types of management on the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in women with cervical carcinoma. METHODS: The patients were divided into three groups according to the mode of treatment. Patients from the first group were treated brachytherapy prior to surgery. The second group received teletherapy before brachytherapy and additionally chemotherapy. The third group was treated with teletherapy after brachytherapy sessions. RESULTS: CAT activity was higher while GPx activity was lower before and during therapy in all groups as compared to controls. Six months after the end of therapy, the activity of studied enzymes reached the values characteristic of healthy women. No significant differences in enzyme activity among the three groups were revealed. CONCLUSION: Normalization of CAT and GPx activity may prove the efficacy of applied therapy in cervical cancer patients, however enzyme activity recovery was not dependent on treatment mode.
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Catalasa/sangre , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/enzimología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/radioterapia , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/cirugíaRESUMEN
In this study we examined superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration in liver and muscles of four fish species: the carp, the brown trout, the white cod and the flounder. Higher SOD activity and higher TBARS concentration was revealed in the tissues of marine fish in comparison to freshwater fish. The highest SOD activity was observed in the cod while the highest TBARS concentration was in the flounder. The observed differences are probably an effect of the different living mode of the compared fish.
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Peces , Hígado/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Peces/anatomía & histología , Peces/metabolismo , Agua Dulce , Masculino , Agua de MarRESUMEN
The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) as indicator of oxidative damage were determined in selected tissues of healthy mice and transplanted B16 melanoma-bearing mice with increasing age. A total of 60 male mice were divided into 6 groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 consisted of tumor-free, healthy mice aged 1, 9 and 16 months, respectively (average life span: 2 years). Groups 4, 5 and 6 consisted of mice of the same age as the healthy mice, but given intraperitoneally 10(6) cells of B16 melanoma for 2 weeks. An increase in the concentration of MDA was found in all the studied tissues (brain, liver, lungs, erythrocytes) and blood plasma of 16-month old healthy mice compared with the younger ones. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was elevated in the brain and the activity of CAT and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver of aged healthy mice. The transplantation of melanoma caused an increase of the concentration of MDA and of the activity of all studied enzymes in all tissues. This elevation was most pronounced in the youngest mice group 4 and was higher than in the oldest healthy group 3. Thus, these early changes of the "(anti-)oxidative status" in the investigated tissues caused by the tumor development have similarities with age-associated alterations of healthy mice, especially in regard to MDA in all tissues or SOD and CAT in brain.
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Envejecimiento/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido , Melanoma/metabolismo , Oxidorreductasas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutáneas/metabolismo , Adaptación Fisiológica , Animales , Catalasa/metabolismo , Activación Enzimática , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Especificidad de Órganos , Oxidación-Reducción , Estrés Oxidativo , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
During the process of melanogenesis free radicals are generated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melanogenesis in B16 melanoma on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity in selected tissues of black C57BL/6J mice. The study was conducted on 24 mice: 12 healthy controls and 12 with a transplanted B16 melanoma. Two weeks after the melanoma transplant, when the average weight of the tumours was approximately 2.0 g, blood samples were taken from the orbital venous plexus. The mice were killed by dislocation of the spinal cord, and the brain, liver and lungs were removed for analysis. The level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reactive substances were determined in full liver, lung and brain homogenates and in serum. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined only in homogenized tissue. The concentration of TBARS and the SOD activity were statistically significantly higher in all the studied tissues from mice with B16 melanoma than in tissues from healthy mice. The antioxidant capacity, however, was lower in the tissues of melanoma-bearing mice. The results obtained demonstrate an increase in oxidative stress in the tissues of mice bearing a transplanted B16 melanoma.
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Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Compuestos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Hidrazinas/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido , Melaninas/biosíntesis , Melanoma Experimental/metabolismo , Animales , Encéfalo/enzimología , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Hígado/enzimología , Hígado/metabolismo , Pulmón/enzimología , Pulmón/metabolismo , Masculino , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Estrés Oxidativo , Picratos , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
The aim of the study was an assessment of some lysosomal enzymes activity in serum and in tumors of patients with lung cancer histopathologically confirmed as squamous cell lung carcinoma. The first group constisted of 10 patients with stage II of the disease and the second group consisted of 11 patients with stage III of the disease. Lysosomal enzymes activities were assayed in serum before surgery and on the 10th day after surgery in serum and in tumors. Arylsuphatase, cathepsin D and acid phosphatase activities were higher in the patients serum than in that of the control group. The decrease of arylsulphatase and cathepsin D activities after surgery was statistically significant in both groups of patients, but the cathepsin D activity was still 3 times higher in patients than in those from the control group. The decrease of acid phosphatase activity after surgery was about 50% in both groups of patients and this decrease was statistically significant. The arylsulphatase and acid phosphatase activity in tumors was nearly 3 times higher in stage III patients than it was in stage II patients, but the cathepsin D activity was nearly the same in both patient groups. Higher lysosomal enzyme activity may be a useful factor in diagnosing and monitoring of lung cancer. However, further investigations are needed.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/enzimología , Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/enzimología , Lisosomas/enzimología , Fosfatasa Ácida/sangre , Fosfatasa Ácida/metabolismo , Adulto , Arilsulfatasas/sangre , Arilsulfatasas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/sangre , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Catepsina D/sangre , Catepsina D/metabolismo , Humanos , Hidrolasas/sangre , Neoplasias Pulmonares/sangre , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de NeoplasiasRESUMEN
The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), as well as the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in tissues of transplantable melanoma in the golden hamster were measured and compared. Ten inbred male hamsters were used for the experiment. They were divided into two groups and were given Bomirski melanoma cells subcutaneously. The first group was given melanotic (Ma) melanoma cells. The second group was given amelanotic (Ab) melanoma cells. Thirty days after the transplantation the hamsters were dissected and the tumor tissues were taken and homogenized. A statistically significantly higher activity of the measured antioxidant enzymes was found in homogenates of Ma tumor than in homogenates of the Ab tumor. Activity of SOD is 8% higher in melanotic melanoma, 24% higher in CAT, and 45% higher in GSHPx. Statistically significant differences between TBARS concentrations were not confirmed. The higher activity of antioxidant enzymes in the melanotic tumor is a result of increased generation of oxygen-derived free radicals. It is presumed that it is strictly connected with intensified production of quinone and semiquinone radicals in the process of melanogenesis.
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Catalasa/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Melanoma Amelanótico/enzimología , Neoplasias Experimentales/enzimología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/enzimología , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Benzoquinonas/química , Benzoquinonas/metabolismo , Cricetinae , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido , Masculino , Melanoma Amelanótico/patología , Mesocricetus , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Experimentales/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patologíaRESUMEN
Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) activity and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and erythrocyte thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations were determined in 30 patients with brain contusion and in 37 control patients with low back pain due to noninflammatory degenerative lumbar disc disease. In comparison to controls, during 10-day follow-up patients with brain contusion had significantly increased erythrocyte SOD-1 activity and CSF, blood plasma (LDL), and erythrocyte TBARS concentrations. The highest CSF TBARS concentrations were observed in five patients who died 2, 7, or 8 days following head injury. A significant negative correlation was found between erythrocyte SOD-1 activity or TBARS concentrations, in the blood plasma LDL fraction and erythrocytes, and The Glasgow Coma Scale score. These results suggest that enhanced lipid peroxidation processes, which seem to correlate with the severity of head injury, accompany brain contusion.
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Lesiones Encefálicas/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Femenino , Escala de Coma de Glasgow , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Superóxido Dismutasa/análisis , Superóxido Dismutasa/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Superóxido Dismutasa-1 , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análisisRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of study was the assessment of two novel platinum complexes and their cytotoxic effect on murine melanoma cells. The evaluation of possible oxidation stress in neoplastic cells coexistent with the effect of these cytostatic agents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two lines of murine metastatic melanomas: B16 and Cl S91 were selected for the experiments. Two platinum compounds were tested: cis-dichloro(dimethylsulphoxide)(1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-carboxyamide)platinum (II) called Pt-complex 1 and chloro(dimethylsulphoxide)(1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-carboxyamide)platinum (II) called Pt-complex 2. Melanoma cells were incubated for 24 hours with the platinum complexes mentioned above and culture medium at the concentration of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.5 mg/ml. Survival rate of melanoma cells, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the content of conjugated dienes were estimated. RESULTS: A number of statistically significant relationships between analysed parameters were observed. Negative correlation ratios were found between increasing levels of analysed platinum complexes and the survival rate of the cells of both melanoma lines as well as between the survival rate of Cl S91 melanoma cells and the level of lipid peroxidation products and SOD activity. On the other hand, there was a positive correlation between increasing platinum complexes and the level of lipid peroxidation products as well as between the survival rate of B16 melanoma cells and SOD activity and the content of CD. CONCLUSIONS: Oxygen free radicals may play an important role in the development of melanoma and cytostatic agents disturb the balance between generation and removal of reactive oxygen forms in melanoma cells.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Compuestos Organoplatinos/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo , Animales , Melanoma Experimental/enzimología , Melanoma Experimental/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this work was an evaluation of the influence of physical exercise in high-altitude conditions (about 2000 m above sea level) on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in 10 kayakers and 10 rowers. METHODS: During their training, the sportsmen performed different kinds of static and dynamic efforts. The blood samples were taken from the cubital vein on the control day at low altitude and at high altitude, and on the 4th, 10th, and 18th days of the training camp before and after exercise. The TBARS and lactic acid concentrations in blood plasma and SOD and CAT activities in erythrocytes were measured. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase of SOD and CAT activities in erythrocytes after exercise on the 4th, 10th, and 18th days of training was found. The TBARS concentration in erythrocytes decreased in a statistically significant way after the end of the 10th day of exercise (P < 0.01), and on 18th day it more than doubled (P < 0.001) when preexercise values were compared with postexercise values of each day. A statistically significant increase of TBARS concentration in blood plasma was observed only after the end of exercise on the 10th day-using the same comparison as above. A statistically significant increased lactic acid concentration in blood plasma was noticed both on 4th or 18th days of training. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained show the increasing generation of oxygen-derived free radicals and the compensatory intensification of SOD and CAT activities after training in altitude (high mountain) conditions.
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Altitud , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Peroxidación de Lípido/fisiología , Deportes/fisiología , Adulto , Catalasa/metabolismo , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Humanos , Ácido Láctico/sangre , Masculino , Plasma/enzimología , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismoRESUMEN
Quercetin (QC) (5, 7, 3', 4' -tetra oxyflavonolol) is an ubiquitous flavonoid in many plants. The influence of QC on the growth of B16 melanotic melanoma in C57BL/6 mice and activity of some acid hydrolases in the tumor homogenates were investigated. Two series of experiments were carried out: In the first experimental group mice were inoculated s.c. with 10(6) of tumor cells (TC) suspended in 1 ml of saline. TC were obtained from the current serial passages. In the second series of experimental group mice were inoculated with melanoma cells preincubated 15 min. in different concentrations of QC. Mice of both series were divided into three subgroups. Mice of the first series were treated with QC i.p. every second day in a dose of 0.1 mg, 0.5 mg or 1.0 mg (total dose of 1.0 mg, 5.0 mg or 10.0 mg per mice). Animals of the second series did not obtain any treatment. After the nineteenth day of experiment the mice were killed, tumors excised and weighed. Tumor tissue pieces were homogenized for enzyme activity determination. Fragments of tumor tissue were taken for electron microscopy (EM) investigation. In mice injected i.p. with QC mean tumor weight was significantly higher than in control I. The mean tumor weight in the first experimental group was higher than in control from 170% to 196% and in the second experimental group from 69% to 147%. Enzymes activity was also higher in both experimental groups as compared to controls. Arylsulphatase activity in the first group was higher from 102% to 144% and in the second one - from 97% to 115% than in control I. Acid phosphatase activity was higher from 100% to 155% in the first experimental group and from 56% to 161% in the second one. Cathepsin D activity was greater from 133% to 333% and from 113% to 300%, respectively. EM studies revealed the presence of greater number of Golgi structures and primary lysosomes in experimental groups of tumors (mice treated with QC and mice with melanoma preincubated in QC). These results clearly indicate that QC significantly enhances melanotic melanoma growth and increases acid phosphatase and cathepsin D activity in these tumors. The mechanism of QC action on the melanotic melanoma is not fully understood and remains to be defined.
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Fosfatasa Ácida/metabolismo , Catepsina D/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/enzimología , Quercetina/farmacología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/enzimología , Fosfatasa Ácida/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Arilsulfatasas/efectos de los fármacos , Arilsulfatasas/metabolismo , Catepsina D/efectos de los fármacos , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Masculino , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patologíaRESUMEN
The most important risk factors contributing to the development of atherosclerosis include lipid disorders and the predisposition to early ischaemic heart disease in the family. Atherosclerotic process proceeds with age and it develops as a result of oxide LDL modification at the level of vascular wall. Oxygen-free radicals take part in this process, which may probably be opposed by the antioxidant system of the body. The aim of this study was to compare the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in children from the families with the risk of early atherosclerosis and in children without such predisposition. The activity of katalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined and the concentration of malonic dialdehyde--a lipid peroxidation marker was established. The study was conducted on 76 children aged 4-17 years, mean age 12 +/- 0.6 years. The risk group consisted of 56 patients with the history of hypercholesterolaemia and early atherosclerosis in the members of their families up to 45 years of age. Control group was formed of 20 subjects without such history. MDA concentration as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined with the use of adequate methods of spectrophotometry. The results obtained were subject to statistical analysis. The activity of antioxidant enzymes displayed considerable fluctuations in both groups of children, but these differences remained statistically insignificant in all the cases. Higher MDA concentrations in serum and in erythrocytes were observed in the risk group. These differences proved statistically significant (alpha < 0.05). On the basis of the present study and the analysis performed, it was found that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GSH-Px) cannot serve as a parameter differentiating between children from the families with the risk of early atherosclerosis and children without such predisposition. Children with positive family history of hypercholesterolaemia and early atherosclerosis may demonstrate intensive lipid peroxidation, but this hypothesis requires further investigations.
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Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Arteriosclerosis/sangre , Arteriosclerosis/genética , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Peroxidación de Lípido , Adolescente , Arteriosclerosis/etiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Catalasa/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Humanos , Masculino , Malondialdehído/sangre , Factores de Riesgo , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangreRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was estimation of antioxidant defence state in children with chronic viral hepatitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 100 children with chronic viral hepatitis who have serological and molecular markers of HBV or HCV infection. In all patients catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in erythrocytes were assayed. RESULTS: We observed statistically significant decrease of CAT and SOD activities and increase of GSH-Px activity in children with chronic hepatitis B and C. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest the possibility of insufficiency of antioxidant barrier in children with chronic viral hepatitis.
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Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Hepatitis B Crónica/metabolismo , Hepatitis C Crónica/metabolismo , Adolescente , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Catalasa/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Femenino , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Hepatitis B Crónica/sangre , Hepatitis C Crónica/sangre , Humanos , Masculino , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangreRESUMEN
Prevalence of mitochondrial diseases equals 1:10,000 of life-born infants. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA are their most frequent cause. The study presents short description of some of these diseases. The diseases often result in encephalomyopathy, cardiomyopathy, vision disorders, dysacusis and metabolic disorders. Despite numerous studies problems associated with mitochondrial diseases have not been completely solved yet.
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Miopatías Mitocondriales/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Miopatías Mitocondriales/etiología , Miopatías Mitocondriales/metabolismo , Miopatías Mitocondriales/terapia , MutaciónRESUMEN
Cytogenetic analysis has contributed significantly to defining genomic region frequently altered in malignant melanoma. In the case of 1p, 6q i 9p consistent losses or partial deletions have predicted the location of tumor suppressor genes. Recent evidence suggests that the p16 CDKN2 gene located at 9p21 is important in sporadic and familial melanoma pathogenesis.
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Melanoma/genética , Neoplasias Cutáneas/genética , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Trastornos de los Cromosomas , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/genética , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Genes Supresores , Sustancias de Crecimiento/metabolismo , Humanos , Factores de Transcripción , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genéticaRESUMEN
The influence of rutin on the growth rate and tumor weight of B16 melanoma as well as melanin content and ultrastructure of melanoma cells and metastasis formation was studied in mice. All mice were injected s.c. into the left flank with 0.2 ml of suspension containing 10(6) B16 melanoma cells. The experimental groups were treated with a solution of rutin i.p. every two days with total doses of 1, 5 or 10 mg/mouse. The rutin was dissolved in DMSO. The control groups of mice were injected with 0.2 ml 0.9% NaCl and 0.2 ml DMSO. Increasing doses of rutin 1, 5 or 10 mg per mouse caused augmentation of the tumor mass to 2400 mg, 2600 mg and 2800 mg respectively, whereas the tumor weight of the control group was 980 mg. The median number of lung metastases in the control groups was 12; after treatment with 5 or 10 mg of rutin, the number of lung colonies increased to 19 and 27, respectively. The administration of 10 mg rutin inhibited melanin formation by about 43%. The melanosomes in the experimental groups were in the 2nd or 3rd stage, and the low content of melanin was noticed.
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Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/toxicidad , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundario , Melaninas/análisis , Melanoma Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Melanoma Experimental/secundario , Rutina/toxicidad , Animales , Depuradores de Radicales Libres , Neoplasias Pulmonares/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Melanoma Experimental/química , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Melanosomas/química , Melanosomas/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Mutágenos/toxicidad , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Estimulación QuímicaRESUMEN
The value of cathepsin B activity determination for evaluation of the extent of disease was investigated in 98 patients with the cervix uteri carcinoma and 25 women with cervix uteri dysplasia. The measurements were performed before treatment. Cathepsin B activity was estimated in serum using Z-Phe-Arg-NMec, and in tumor tissue using Z-Arg-Arg-pNA . HCl as substrates. The mean activity of the enzyme increased both in serum and tumor tissue with progression of neoplastic disease and was dependent on the clinical stage of cervical carcinoma. It should be stressed, however, that among the patients with the clinically observed early stage of the disease, higher cathepsin B activity was observed in those in whom metastases to pelvic lymph nodes were detected than in those in whom the disease was limited to cervix uteri.
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Catepsina B/sangre , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/enzimología , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/sangreRESUMEN
The value of cathepsin B activity in determining the extent of disease was investigated in 106 patients with carcinoma of the cervix uteri and in 20 women with dysplasia of the cervix uteri. The measurements of serum and tumor cathepsin B activity were performed before treatment. The levels of cathepsin B were estimated by direct fluorimetric assay based on the use of 2-Phe-Arg-NMec as a substrate. The results show that the mean serum and tumor activity of this enzyme increase with progression of neoplastic disease and was closely dependent on clinical stage of cervical carcinoma. Also, we found higher serum and tumor levels of cathepsin B activities in patients with clinical early disease (FIGO Stage Ib and IIa) in whom metastases to pelvic lymph nodes were detected than in patients with disease limited to the cervix uteri (p < 0.001, t-test). Enhanced activity of cathepsin B was observed in 64% of patients with cervical carcinoma.