RESUMEN
This cross-sectional study proposes two relative strength indexes in order to evaluate the risks of lower mobility in healthy older adults: 1) handgrip strength on body mass index and 2) quadriceps strength on body weight. Nine hundred and four men and women aged between 67-84 years old were tested for body composition, muscle strength and mobility function. Individuals in the lowest and middle tertiles of relative handgrip strength were respectively 2.2 (1.3-3.7) and 4.4 (2.6-7.6) more likely to have a lower mobility score. As for relative quadriceps strength, odd ratios for lowest and middle tertiles were respectively 2.8 (1.6-4.9) and 6.9 (3.9-12.1). Relative strength indexes, either using handgrip strength or quadriceps strength, are convenient to use in large scale studies and clinical practice.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento/fisiología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Fuerza de la Mano , Limitación de la Movilidad , Fuerza Muscular , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Oportunidad Relativa , Músculo Cuádriceps/fisiología , RiesgoRESUMEN
SUMMARY: We determined the effect of antioxidants and resistance training on bone mineral density of postmenopausal women. After 6 months, we observed a significant decrease in the lumbar spine BMD of the placebo group while other groups remained stable. Antioxidants may offer protection against bone loss such as resistance training. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effects of antioxidant supplements combined to resistance training on bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy elderly women. METHODS: Thirty-four postmenopausal women (66.1 +/- 3.3 years) were randomized in four groups (placebo, n = 7; antioxidants, n = 8; exercise and placebo, n = 11; and exercise and antioxidants, n = 8). The 6-month intervention consisted in antioxidant supplements (600 mg vitamin E and 1,000 mg vitamin C daily) or resistance exercise (3x/week). Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD (DXA) and dietary intakes (3-day food record) were measured before and after the intervention. A repeated measure ANOVA and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests were used. RESULTS: We observed a significant decrease in the placebo group for lumbar spine BMD (pre, 1.01 +/- 0.17 g/cm(2); post, 1.00 +/- 0.16 g/cm(2); P < 0.05 respectively) while it remained stable in all other groups. No changes were observed for femoral neck BMD. CONCLUSIONS: Antioxidant vitamins may offer some protection against bone loss in the same extent as resistance exercise although combining both does not seem to produce additional effects. Our results suggest to further investigate the impact of antioxidant supplements on the prevention of osteoporosis.