RESUMEN
Monitoramento de imagem computadorizada foi usado para avaliar as mudanças no arco dental. Um novo e especial dispositivo capturou imagens calibradas geometricamente permitindo a comparação de vários modelos de gesso. Na primeira parte desta pesquisa, 792 modelos de estudo foram medidos. Medidas de largura do arco dental entre pontos referentes aos caninos, primeiros pré-molares e primeiros molares foram feitas: arco superior: homens - caninos: 35,1 ± 0,13 mm; primeiros pré-molares: 37,5 ± 0,13 mm; primeiros molares: 48,1 ± 0,19 mm; mulheres - caninos: 33,4 ± 0,13 mm; primeiros pré-molares: 35,6 ± 0,15 mm; primeiros molares: 46,7 ± 0,19 mm. Na segunda parte do estudo, mudanças entre o alinhamento inicial, pós-tratamento e pós-retenção (5 anos depois do tratamento ortodôntico) dos arcos superior e inferior de 36 pacientes foram analisadas. A compressão no arco superior e inferior na área dos primeiros pré-molares e molares foi visível antes do tratamento. Concluiu-se que o monitoramento de imagens computadorizadas pode ser usado para avaliação de mudanças na arcada dentária durante as diferentes fases do tratamento.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Odontología , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Ortodoncia , Diente Premolar , Diente Canino , Arco Dental , Diente MolarRESUMEN
Computer image monitoring was used for evaluation of dental arch changes. A new special device captured geometrically calibrated images permitting comparison of several different dental casts. In the first part of this study 792 sets of study casts were screened. Measurements of dental arch width between reference points of canines, first premolars and first molars were made: upper jaw: men: canines: 35.1 +/- 0.13 mm; first premolars: 37.5 +/- 0.13 mm; first molars: 48.1 +/- 0.19 mm; women: canines: 33.4 +/- 0.13 mm; first premolars: 35.6 +/- 0.15 mm; first molars: 46.7 +/- 0.19 mm. In the second part of the study, changes between initial, post-treatment and post-retention alignment (5-years after orthodontic therapy) of upper and lower dental arch of 36 subjects were analyzed. Upper and lower arch compression in first premolars and molars area was visible before treatment. We conclude that computer image monitoring can be used for evaluation of dental arch changes during the different steps of treatment.
Asunto(s)
Cefalometría/métodos , Arco Dental/patología , Maloclusión/patología , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Diente Premolar/patología , Diente Canino/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/instrumentación , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Masculino , Maloclusión/terapia , Mandíbula/patología , Maxilar/patología , Modelos Dentales , Diente Molar/patología , Retenedores Ortodóncicos , Fotografía Dental , Sistemas de Información Radiológica , Programas Informáticos , Interfaz Usuario-ComputadorRESUMEN
This study describes a preclinical investigation with laser-activated bleaching agent for discolored teeth. Bleaching techniques involve a broad-spectrum approach utilizing hydrogen peroxide (3-38%) with or without heat or laser, carbamide peroxide (10-30%), or a mixture of sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide. Extracted human maxillary central incisors were selected. In the bleaching experiment, 38% hydrogen peroxide was used. Two different laser systems and light emission diodes for activation of the bleaching agent were used: diode laser, wavelength 970 nm, and infra-red diode laser, wavelength 790 nm, with eight blue light emission diodes, wavelength 467 nm. The enamel surface was evaluated with the scanning electron microscope. The method of chemical oxidation resulted in a 2-3 shade change in one treatment (15 min). Shorter time (5 min) was not effective. The diode laser, wavelength 970 nm, and the bleaching agent produced the same effect but with a shorter time of bleaching process (5 min - 1 W, 2.5 min - 2 W). Infra-red diode laser, wavelength 790 nm with eight blue light emission diodes, wavelength 467 nm, and the bleaching agent reached the desired color shade also after a shorter time (5 min - 40 mW). Slight surface modification after the bleaching process was detected with scanning electron microscopy. Currently, the laser has been proven the most valuable energy source for power bleaching with simple and short application in the dental office.