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o aumento da preocupação com a vida saudável nas últimas décadas elevou consideravelmente a procura e o consumo de hortaliças, principalmente aquelas consumi das in natura, gerando a necessidade de avaliação da qualidade microbiológica dessas hortaliças, que são possíveis veículos de transmissão de doenças de origem alimentar, bem como a reeducação de consumidores e produtores sobre as formas adequadas de manipulação e higienização dos alimentos. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo, a avaliação microbiológica da alface produzida em duas hortas da cidade de Marília/SP. Os resultados evidenciaram que as amostras de alface analisadas, de ambas as hortas, não atenderam aos padrões para coliformes termotolerantes a 45° C e aeróbios mesófilos dispostos na resolução RDC nOl212001 da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Estes dados demonstraram que o total de amostras analisadas apresentou contagens até três vezes maiores que o limite estabelecido, representando um fator preocupante para a saúde pública, tendo em vista o elevado consumo de alface no Brasil. (AU)

The increased concern about healthy living increased considerably in recent decades the demand and consumption of vegetables, especially those eaten raw, generating the need to evaluate the microbiological quality of these vegetables that are potential vehicles for transmission of foodborne diseases, as well as reeducation of consumers and producers on the proper ways of handling and food hygiene. Thus, the objective of the study microbiological evaluation of lettuce produced in two gardens in the city of Marilia / SP. The results showed that lettuce samples analyzed from both gardens, not met the standards for fecal coliform at 45 o C and aerobic mesophilic contained in the sanitary regulation from published by the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). These data demonstrated that all the samples had counts up to three times larger than the limit, representing a concern for public health, given the high consumption of lettuce in Brazil. (AU)

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Devido a sua alegação medicinal e funcional, nos últimos anos os chás temsido usados com muita frequência e com o aumento da procura, frente à ofertainsuficiente, verificou-se uma queda na sua qualidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica do chá verde comercializado na cidade de Marília-SP. Para tanto foi utilizado o Kit Petrifilm (3M) específico para contagem de Eschericha coli e coliformes, sendo este um método rápido e oficializado pela Association of Official Anlytical Chemistis (AOAC). Nenhuma das amostras analisadas apresentou crescimento de Escherichiacoli, entretanto, em 100% destas verificou-se a presença de Coliformes totais. (AU)

Due to its medicinal and functional claims, in recent years the tea hasbeen used very often, and with an increase of the demand there was a dropin quality. This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of greentea sold in the city of Marília-SP For the same was used Kit Petrifilm (3M)specific for counting Escherichia coli and Coliforms, this kit of identificationisfast and stamped by Association of Official Anlytical Chemistis (AOAC). Nosample grew Escherichia coli, however 100% of samples verified the presenceof total coliforms.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica do chá verde comercializado na cidade de Marília-SP. Para tanto foi utilizado o Kit Petrifilm (3M) específico para contagem de Eschericha coli e coliformes, sendo este um método rápido e oficializado pela Association of Official Anlytical Chemistis (AOAC).

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Different concentrations of sucrose (3-25% w/v) and peptone (2-5% w/v) were studied in the formulation of media during the cultivation of Aspergillus japonicus-FCL 119T and Aspergillus niger ATCC 20611. Moreover, cane molasses (3.5-17.5% w/v total sugar) and yeast powder (1.5-5% w/v) were used as alternative nutrients for both strains' cultivation. These media were formulated for analysis of cellular growth, beta-Fructosyltransferase and Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) production. Transfructosylating activity (U ( t )) and FOS production were analyzed by HPLC. The highest enzyme production by both the strains was 3% (w/v) sucrose and 3% (w/v) peptone, or 3.5% (w/v) total sugars present in cane molasses and 1.5% (w/v) yeast powder. Cane molasses and yeast powder were as good as sucrose and peptone in the enzyme and FOS (around 60% w/w) production by studied strains.

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ß-Galactosidase or ß-D-galactohydrolase (EC.3.2.1.23) is an important enzyme industrially used for the hydrolysis of lactose from milk and milk whey for several applications. Lately, the importance of this enzyme was enhanced by its galactosyltransferase activity, which is responsible for the synthesis of transgalctosylated oligosaccharides (TOS) that act as functional foods, with several beneficial effects on consumers. Penicillium simplicissimum, a strain isolated from soil, when grown in semi-solid medium showed good productivity of ß-galactosidase with galactosyltransferase activity. The optimum pH for hydrolysis was in 4.0-4.6 range and the optimum pH for galactosyltransferase activity was in the 6.0-7.0 range. The optimum temperature for hydrolysis and transferase activity was 55-60§C and 50§C, respectively, and the enzyme showed high thermostability for the hydrolytic activity. The enzyme showed a potential for several industrial applications such as removal of 67 (per cent) of the lactose from milk and 84 (per cent) of the lactose from milk whey when incubated at their original pH (4.5 and 6.34, respectively) under optimum temperature conditions. When incubated with a 40 (per cent) lactose solution in 150 mM McIlvaine buffer, pH 4.5, at 55§C the enzyme converted 86.5 (per cent) of the lactose to its component monosaccharides. When incubated with a 60 (per cent) lactose solution in the same buffer but at pH 6.5 and 50§C, the enzyme can synthetize up to 30.5 (per cent) TOS, with 39.5 (per cent) lactose and 30 (per cent) monosaccharides remaining in the preparation.

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Aspergillus niger - 245, a strain isolated from soil samples showed good β-fructosidase activity when inoculated in medium formulated with dahlia extract tubers. The enzyme was purified by precipitation in ammonium sulphate and percolated in DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and CM-cellulose columns, witch showed a single peack in all the purification steps, maintaining the I/S ratio between 0.32 to, 0.39. Optimum pH for inulinase activity (I) was between 4.0 - 4.5 and for invertase activity (S) between 2.5 and 5.0. The optimum temperature was 60O.C for both activities and no loss in activity was observed when it was maintained at this temperature for 30 min. The Km value was 1.44 and 5.0, respectively, for I and S and Vm value 10.48 and 30.55, respectively. The I activity was strongly inhibited by Hg2+ and Ag+ and 2 x 10-3 M of glucose, but not by fructose at the same concentration. The enzyme showed an exo-action mechanism, acting on the inulin of different origins. In assay conditions total hydrolysis of all the frutans was obtained, although it has shown larger activity on the chicory inulin than that one from artichoke Jerusalem and dahlia, in the first 30 min. The obtained results suggested that the enzyme presented good potential for industrial application in the preparing the fructose syrups.

Aspergillus niger - 245, isolado do solo mostrou boa atividade de b-frutosidase meio formulado com extrato de tubérculos de dahlia. A enzima foi purificada por precipitação em sulfato de amônia e percolada em colunas de DEAE-Sephadex A-50 e CM-celulose, produzindo um único pico em todas as fases de purificação e mantendo a relação I/S entre 0,32 a 0,39. O pH ótimo para a atividade de inulinase (I) foi encontrado entre 4,0 - 4.5 e para a atividade de invertase (S) em 2,5 e 5,0. A temperatura ótima foi de 60O.C para ambas as atividades e nenhuma perda foi observada quando mantida nesta temperatura por 30 min. Os valores de Km foram de 1,44 e 5,0, respectivamente, para I e S e os valores de Vm de 10,48 e 30,55, respectivamente. A atividade I foi fortemente inibida por Hg2+, Ag+ e 2 x 10-3 M de glicose, mas não por frutose na mesma concentração. A enzima mostrou um mecanismo de exo-ação, atuando sobre a inulina de diferentes origens. Em condições de ensaio foi obtida hidrólise total de frutanas, apesar de ter mostrado maior atividade sobre a inulina de chicória que sobre as de alcachofra de Jesrusalém e dahlia, nos primeiros 30 minutos de reação. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a enzima apresenta bom potencial para aplicações industriais na preparação de xaropes de frutose.