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We present the case of a minimally invasive surgical correction for failed percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure in a 57-year-old female patient with residual ASD, tricuspid regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, and embolization of one of two occluders to the superior mesenteric artery. Our surgical approach consisted of anterolateral minithoracotomy, aortic and femoral vein cannulation, cryoablation, cardiac device removal, closure of ASD with autologous pericardium, and tricuspid repair. The procedure was uneventful and patient was discharged home on postoperative day 4.

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OBJECTIVE: Chronic kidney disease is a known risk factor in cardiovascular disease, but its influence on treatment effect of bypass surgery remains unclear. We assessed the influence of chronic kidney disease on 10-year mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ischemic heart failure treated with medical therapy (medical treatment) with or without coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: We calculated the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula, chronic kidney disease stages 1-5) from 1209 patients randomized to medical treatment or coronary artery bypass grafting in the Surgical Treatment for IsChemic Heart failure trial and assessed its effect on outcome. RESULTS: In the overall Surgical Treatment for IsChemic Heart failure cohort, patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3 to 5 were older than those with stages 1 and 2 (66-71 years vs 54-59 years) and had more comorbidities. Multivariable modeling revealed an inverse association between estimated glomerular filtration rate and risk of death, cardiovascular death, or cardiovascular rehospitalization (all P< .001, but not for stroke, P » .697). Baseline characteristics of the 2 treatment arms were equal for each chronic kidney disease stage. There were significant improvements in death or cardiovascular rehospitalization with coronary artery bypass grafting (stage 1: hazard ratio, 0.71; confidence interval, 0.53-0.96, P » .02; stage 2: hazard ratio, 0.71; confidence interval, 0.59-0.84, P<. 0001; stage 3: hazard ratio, 0.76; confidence interval, 0.53-0.96, P » .03). These data were inconclusive in stages 4 and 5 for insufficient patient numbers (N » 28). There was no significant interaction of estimated glomerular filtration rate with the treatment effect of coronary artery bypass grafting (P » .25 for death and P » .54 for death or cardiovascular rehospitalization). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with ischemic heart failure with or without coronary artery bypass grafting. However, mild to moderate chronic kidney disease does not appear to influence long-term treatment effects of coronary artery bypass grafting. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 1-9)

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Introducción: Los pacientes con riesgo preoperatorio alto de morbimortalidad, endocarditis mitral y aquellos con cirugía cardíaca previa son considerados "limitantes" para ser operados por vía cirugía miniinvasiva. Objetivos: Evaluar resultados en pacientes complejos sometidos a cirugía miniinvasiva. Primario: mortalidad posoperatoria dentro de los 30 días. Secundario: resultados técnico-quirúrgicos y complicaciones posoperatorias tempranas. Material y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de las cirugías mitrales realizadas en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires desde enero de 2010 hasta abril de 2016. Se realizaron 135 cirugías mitrales, 63 de ellas mediante técnica miniinvasiva (46,6%). Los pacientes considerados "complejos" fueron 45 (71,4%), incluyéndose aquellos con riesgo > 10% del STS PROMM, los pacientes con endocarditis activa y/o los pacientes con cirugía cardíaca previa. Resultados: El 73,3% (n = 33) fueron cirugías electivas, el 22,2% (n = 10) de urgencia y el 4,4% (n = 2) de emergencia. El STS PROM% y el STS PROMM% fueron de 6,08 ± 10,8 y de 26,7 ± 16,8, respectivamente. Se incluyen 6 pacientes con cirugía cardíaca previa, 5 pacientes con endocarditis en tratamiento activo. Se realizaron reemplazo valvular mitral (14 reumáticas) en el 62% (n = 28) y plástica mitral en el 38% (n = 17). No se constataron óbitos en plástica mitral ni mediastinitis. La mortalidad a los 30 días fue del 4,4% (n = 2). Hubo conversión a esternotomía en un caso. Conclusiones: La mortalidad observada es inferior a la calculada por puntaje de riesgo (STS PROMM%: 6,08 ± 10,8 vs. 4,4). La minitoracotomía derecha videoasistida nos ofreció una excelente exposición e interpretación de la patología. La técnica de cirugía miniinvasiva puede ser utilizada en pacientes con cirugía cardíaca previa, endocarditis y/o pacientes con puntaje alto de riesgo preoperatorio.

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Background The assessment of myocardial viability has been used to identify patients withcoronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction in whom coronary-arterybypass grafting (CABG) will provide a survival benefit. However, the efficacy of thisapproach is uncertain. Methods In a substudy of patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunctionwho were enrolled in a randomized trial of medical therapy with or withoutCABG, we used single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT), dobutamineechocardiography, or both to assess myocardial viability on the basis of prespecifiedthresholds.ResultsAmong the 1212 patients enrolled in the randomized trial, 601 underwent assessmentof myocardial viability. Of these patients, we randomly assigned 298 to receivemedical therapy plus CABG and 303 to receive medical therapy alone. A total of 178of 487 patients with viable myocardium (37%) and 58 of 114 patients without viablemyocardium (51%) died (hazard ratio for death among patients with viable myocardium,0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48 to 0.86; P = 0.003). However, afteradjustment for other baseline variables, this association with mortality was notsignificant (P = 0.21). There was no significant interaction between viability statusand treatment assignment with respect to mortality (P = 0.53).ConclusionsThe presence of viable myocardium was associated with a greater likelihood ofsurvival in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction,but this relationship was not significant after adjustment for other baseline variables.The assessment of myocardial viability did not identify patients with a differentialsurvival benefit from CABG, as compared with medical therapy alone.(Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; STICH ClinicalTrials.govnumber, NCT00023595.)

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