RESUMEN
The existence of a restrained inflammatory state in schizophrenic individuals posed the question whether anti-inflammatory drugs may exert antipsychotic effects. Therefore, the effect of ibuprofen (IB) on cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from schizophrenic patients was examined and compared to that of healthy subjects. PBMC from 25 schizophrenic patients and 24 healthy volunteers were incubated for 24 h with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of various concentrations of IB. The levels of IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-1ra in the supernatants were tested applying ELISA kits. The secretion of TNF-α by cells from schizophrenic patients was significantly lower compared with controls. IB caused stimulation of TNF-α and IL-6 production by cells of the two groups and enhanced IL-1ß secretion by cells from schizophrenic patients. IB inhibited IL-1ra and IL-10 generation by cells from the two groups. Without IB, IL-1ra secretion was negatively correlated with the disease severity, while 200 µg/ml of IB positively correlated with the PANSS total score. IL-10 production was positively correlated with the PANSS positive subscale score both in the absence or presence of IB. The findings suggest that the effect of IB on the production of inflammatory cytokines may benefit the health of schizophrenic patients.
Asunto(s)
Citocinas/biosíntesis , Ibuprofeno/farmacología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Esquizofrenia/sangre , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Proteína Antagonista del Receptor de Interleucina 1/metabolismo , Interleucina-10/biosíntesis , Interleucina-1beta/biosíntesis , Interleucina-6/biosíntesis , Leucocitos Mononucleares/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Esquizofrenia/inmunología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesis , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The role of vitamin B6 as a key component in a number of biological events has been well established. Based on the relationship between chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis on the one hand, and the interaction between immune and cancer cells expressed by modulated cytokine production on the other hand, the aim of the present work was to examine the possibility that vitamin B6 affects cancer development by an interference in the cross-talk between human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and those from two colon carcinoma cell lines. Both non-stimulated PBMC and mononuclear cells induced for cytokine production by HT-29 and RKO cells from human colon carcinoma lines were incubated without and with 4, 20 and 100 µg/ml of pyridoxal hydrochloride (vitamin B6) and secretion of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-1ra was examined. Vit B6 caused a dose-dependent decrease in production of all cytokines examined, except for that of IL-1ra. The results indicate that vitamin B6 exerts an immunomodulatory effect on human PBMC. The finding that production of inflammatory cytokines is more pronounced when PBMC are in contact with malignant cells and markedly inhibited by the vitamin suggests an additional way by which vitamin B6 may exert its carcinopreventive effect.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Colon/inmunología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/inmunología , Vitamina B 6/farmacología , Adulto , Antiinflamatorios/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Leucocitos Mononucleares/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenic patients have an increased risk for obesity compared with the general population. Evidence suggests the existence of an inflammatory process in the etiology of both obesity and schizophrenia. Our study compares in vitro secretion of inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from obese and non-obese schizophrenic patients. METHOD: Mononuclear cells were isolated from 20 obese (BMI >27) and 20 non-obese (BMI <24) schizophrenic in-patients. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-10 or IL-2 and IFN-γ in the supernatants of stimulated PBMC, as well as leptin and adiponectin serum values were evaluated. RESULTS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients in the obese group showed a significantly increased TNF-α and IL-1ß production, whereas the release of IL-1ra was decreased as compared with the non-obese group. In the obese group, the serum concentration of leptin was significantly higher and that of adiponectin was significantly lower. The results of the remaining cytokines did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates the existence of a difference between obese and non-obese schizophrenic subjects as for inflammatory cytokine production and serum leptin and adiponectin levels, suggesting a 'subclinical inflammatory state' in obese schizophrenic patients that may contribute to a predisposition to inflammation and infections.
Asunto(s)
Citocinas/biosíntesis , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Obesidad/sangre , Obesidad/psicología , Esquizofrenia/sangre , Adiponectina/sangre , Adulto , Índice de Masa Corporal , Citocinas/sangre , Citocinas/inmunología , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Humanos , Inflamación/inmunología , Inflamación/metabolismo , Leptina/sangre , Leucocitos Mononucleares/efectos de los fármacos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/inmunología , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/inmunología , Esquizofrenia/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The effect of citrus pectin (CP) on the proliferative capacity of four malignant cell lines was examined. Various dose of CP inhibited the proliferation of two-colon carcinoma and an erythroleukemia cell lines. Raji cells were not affected at all. The three lines affected by CP are known to express galectins which are pivotal for cell growth and metastasis, while Raji cells, whose proliferation was not affected by CP, are deficient of this betagalactoside. It is possible that the antiproliferative effect of CP on the malignant cells may be due at least in part to its ability to inhibit galectin expression.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Citrus/química , Pectinas/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Galectinas/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pectinas/administración & dosificación , Pectinas/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
The immune response of mice injected with influenza vaccine (FluV) or pneumococcal vaccine (PV) given separately or simultaneously was evaluated. Balb/c mice were divided into six groups. Group I served as control, the mice in group II were injected intraperitoneally with PV, in group III intramuscularly with FluV two weeks after the onset of the study. The mice from group IV received PV and 2 weeks later were injected with FluV, mice in group V were given FluV, whereas group VI received both FluV and PV simultaneously. The results showed that the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) significantly increased in animals from groups II, V and VI, whereas the proliferation of splenocytes increased in mice from groups II, III, IV, and VI. These observations indicate a comparable effect of both vaccines, at least when the proliferative response of PBMC and splenocytes were considered.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Gripe Humana/inmunología , Infecciones Neumocócicas/inmunología , Vacunas Neumococicas/inmunología , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/administración & dosificación , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Infecciones Neumocócicas/prevención & control , Vacunas Neumococicas/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
The beneficial effect of lycopene from tomatoes on a variety of chronic diseases and particularly its association with decreased incidence of prostate and breast cancer seems to be well established. The aim of the study was to examine its anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect on other malignant cell lines. Cells of the following lines were incubated with 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0microM of lycopene: human colon carcinoma (HuCC), B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (EHEB), human erythroleukemia (K562) and Raji, a prototype of Burkitt lymphoma cell line. The results showed that lycopene exerted a significant dose-dependent effect on the proliferation capacity of K562, Raji and HuCC lines, whereas this effect was observed in EHEB cells only with the highest dose used in the study. Increased apoptotic rate was found after incubation of HuCC cells with 2.0 and 4.0microM of lycopene and in Raji cells following incubation with 2.0microM. The findings point out that the anti-proliferative effect of lycopene on tumor cells and its effect on the apoptotic rate depends on its dosage and on the type of the malignant cells.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Carotenoides/farmacología , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma de Burkitt/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma de Burkitt/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias del Colon/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Humanos , Células K562 , Leucemia de Células B/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia de Células B/patología , Leucemia Eritroblástica Aguda/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia Eritroblástica Aguda/patología , Licopeno , Neoplasias/patologíaRESUMEN
A retrospective study was conducted to verify the possibility that people immunized with pneumococcal vaccine (PV) show lower morbidity not only for pneumonia but also for influenza. A total of 450 individuals were enrolled between 1999 and 2003 and allocated to one of the following groups: (A) not vaccinated; (B) immunized with PV during 1999; (C) immunized with anti-influenza vaccine (Flu-V) each year; and (D) immunized with PV once in 1999 and Flu-V every consecutive year. People from group B showed significantly lower percentage of influenza-related diseases during the year 2000 in comparison with those from group A (p<0.01), whereas in the course of 2001 the morbidity of patients from group B was lower compared with the other groups (p<0.01). The results point to a way to decrease the morbidity of influenza-related diseases by immunization with PV only, at least for 2-3 years, avoiding Flu-V administration and permitting considerable saving for health care providers. Therefore, it is concluded that PV can reduce the morbidity of influenza at a greater rate than the Flu-V.
Asunto(s)
Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Gripe Humana/terapia , Vacunas Neumococicas/administración & dosificación , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Vacunas contra la Influenza/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra la Influenza/economía , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Gripe Humana/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Morbilidad , Vacunas Neumococicas/economía , Vacunas Neumococicas/inmunología , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a relatively rare disease although multiple factors are implied in the pathogenesis of its development. A slow progressive normocytic-normochromic anemia and reticulocytopenia, without leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in a patient who, except pallor, does not show abnormal findings on physical examination, should arise the suspicion that he has PRCA. Search for underlying diseases or infections and intake of drugs may help for the establishment of the diagnosis of acquired PRCA. Lack of erythroblasts in the bone marrow with normal development of the other hemopoietic series, as well as high level of serum erythropoietin are important clues for the diagnosis. Elimination of potentially causative factors, administration of immunosuppressive agents and/or recombinant erythropoietin, preferably epoetin beta, may induce remission and complete recovery.
Asunto(s)
Aplasia Pura de Células Rojas , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Transfusión Sanguínea , Eritropoyetina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Proteínas Recombinantes , Aplasia Pura de Células Rojas/congénito , Aplasia Pura de Células Rojas/etiología , Aplasia Pura de Células Rojas/terapiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Increased number of peripheral white blood cells (PWBCs) has been noted after removal of the spleen. DESIGN: To clarify the possible mechanisms by which splenectomy affects the PWBC number, the percentage of apoptotic PWBCs, the number and migration rate of peritoneal cells, as well as the 3H-TdR incorporation into PWBCs, were examined in splenectomized, sham-operated and control mice. In addition, the effect of control plasma injected to splenectomized animals on the number of PWBCs was examined. RESULTS: One and two months after splenectomy the PWBC counts significantly increased, whereas the percentage of apoptotic PWBCs and the number of cells in the peritoneal cavity decreased in comparison with that of the control and sham-operated mice. Seventeen days after injection of carboxy-fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labelled peritoneal cells into the peritoneal cavity of the animals, their number was significantly higher in the peripheral blood and lower in the peritoneal cavity of the splenectomized animals in comparison with that of the control and sham-operated mice. Injection of control plasma into the splenectomized mice prevented the development of postsplenectomy leukocytosis. Finally, 3H-TdR incorporation into nonstimulated and Con A stimulated PBMCs from the splenectomized mice was higher as compared with cells from the control and sham-operated mice. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study present several mechanisms that may clarify the cause of postsplenectomy leukocytosis.
Asunto(s)
Leucocitosis/etiología , Esplenectomía/efectos adversos , Animales , Apoptosis/fisiología , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , División Celular/fisiología , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Concanavalina A/farmacología , Femenino , Recuento de Leucocitos , Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Leucocitos/fisiología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Mitógenos/metabolismo , Cavidad Peritoneal/citologíaRESUMEN
To examine the effect of various incubation temperatures on the apoptotic death of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), we incubated cells at 37 degrees C, 22 degrees C, and 4 degrees C for 1 and 24 hours. In addition, cells incubated at 4 degrees C for 3, 6, and 9 hours were rewarmed to 37 degrees C until a total incubation time of 24 hours was reached. The percentage of apoptotic cells was detected by a flow cytometric assay using propidium iodide staining. Incubation of PBMC at the above-mentioned temperatures for 1 hour did not affect the percentage of apoptotic cells. However, incubation at 4 degrees C for 24 hours resulted in the lowest percentage of apoptotic cells compared to those incubated at 22 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Rewarming of the cells to 37 degrees C increased the percentage of apoptotic cells to a level similar to that of the controls (incubated at 37 degrees C). Because PBMC are closely involved in the normal function of the immune system, the results of the study should be considered in cases in which these cells are exposed to various thermal conditions.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis , Leucocitos Mononucleares/citología , Temperatura , Células Sanguíneas , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Frío , Citometría de Flujo , Humanos , Hipotermia , Propidio , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The capacity of rat peritoneal macrophages to produce interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) following phagocytosis of latex particles in vivo and in vitro was examined. In both cases, a marked increase in IL-1beta secretion was observed, although the level of the cytokine secreted in vivo was higher than that observed after incubation of the cells with latex beads in vitro. It is presumed that this difference is due to stimulation of the peritoneal macrophages by endogenous produced factors/cytokines prior and during phagocytosis in vivo. Macrophages stimulated with LPS showed a level of IL-1beta almost identical to that obtained after incubation with latex. Following phagocytosis in vivo and further stimulation with LPS in vitro, the cells showed an additional increase in IL-1beta production, whereas this additive effect could not be observed when incubation with both latex and LPS was carried out in vitro. The results suggest different patterns for IL-1beta production by rat peritoneal macrophages, depending on the way they are stimulated for phagocytosis.
Asunto(s)
Interleucina-1/biosíntesis , Macrófagos Peritoneales/metabolismo , Fagocitosis , Animales , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Macrófagos Peritoneales/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Microesferas , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Patients' satisfaction with the functional capacity and attitude of the permanent staff working in the morning hours in the emergency department (ED) of a community hospital was compared with that of the staff working during the evening and night shifts. A total of 285 patients given care in the ED were interviewed according to a 'satisfaction' questionnaire regarding the function and attitude of the ED staff during the morning and evening/night shifts. The mean waiting time until a doctor was seen during the morning shift was 25 +/- 17 minutes for non-hospitalized patients and 25 +/- 8 minutes for the hospitalized ones, whereas during the evening and night hours the waiting times were 22 +/- 17 minutes and 19 +/- 13 minutes respectively. The number of laboratory examinations performed during the evening and night shifts markedly exceeded that carried out during the morning. The mean staying time in the ED for both non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients during the morning was by 23% shorter than that during the evening and night shifts. The patients expressed their overall satisfaction with the ED staff in both shifts with high evaluation marks. It is concluded that the survey indicates that the permanent ED staff during the morning hours are more efficient compared with those working during the evening and night shifts.
Asunto(s)
Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital/normas , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Personal de Hospital/normas , Calidad de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Niño , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Hospitales Comunitarios/normas , Humanos , Israel , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuidados Nocturnos/normas , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Derivación y Consulta/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Hypothermia affects various components of the immune system, leading to impaired immune resistance. To examine the in vitro effect of low temperature on the ultrastructure and phagocytic function of rat peritoneal macrophages, cells were incubated at 4, 10, 24, and 37 degrees C for 60 min. Subsequently, their ultrastructure and capacity to engulf latex particles and generate superoxide anions were evaluated. The results showed a close inverse relationship between incubation temperature and ultrastructural changes, i.e., the lower the temperature, the higher the number of altered cells. In addition, at lower temperatures the number of cells capable of phagocytosis was reduced; the cells engulfed fewer particles per cell and generated less superoxide anions. These findings may be relevant for explaining the increased susceptibility to bacterial infections under hypothermic conditions.
Asunto(s)
Frío , Macrófagos Peritoneales/fisiología , Fagocitosis , Animales , Heterocromatina/ultraestructura , Macrófagos Peritoneales/ultraestructura , Microscopía Electrónica , Microesferas , Seudópodos/ultraestructura , Ratas , Superóxidos/metabolismoRESUMEN
To examine the effect of the anti-stress agent diazepam on the immune response, rats were exposed either to acute swim stress, i.e., swimming once only for 30 minutes (non-trained swimmers), or to chronic stress with gradual progressive training for 6 weeks (trained swimmers). Both groups of animals were divided into subgroups treated before swimming with and without diazepam, 1 mg/kg, administered i.m. The phagocytic capacity and superoxide anion generation of the peritoneal macrophages was examined. In addition, the proliferative response of the splenic cells (splenocytes) to concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA), as well as the serum corticosterone levels were investigated. Diazepam abolished increased superoxide anion production in both non-trained and trained swimmers. In non-trained swimmers, the number of latex particles internalized by each cell was decreased and further reduced by the drug. In trained rats treated with diazepam, the percentage of phagocytosing cells remained reduced compared to controls, whereas the drug prevented a decrease in the engulfing capacity of individual cells. Diazepam lowered the suppressed proliferative response of the splenocytes to PHA found in non-trained swimmers. It is concluded that diazepam modifies the immune response of rats exposed to acute and chronic swim stress.
Asunto(s)
Diazepam/farmacología , Estrés Fisiológico/inmunología , Animales , Corticosterona/sangre , Activación de Linfocitos , Masculino , Fagocitosis , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Superóxidos/metabolismo , NataciónRESUMEN
The ability of colon carcinoma cells to produce IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF alpha, and the effect of tumor cell supernatants (sups) on the capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce these three cytokines was examined. In addition, the effect of colon carcinoma cell sups on the engulfing capacity of phagocytic cells was detected. The results showed that IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF alpha levels were significantly higher in tumor cell sups compared with those of autologous colon mucosal cells obtained from healthy tissue. Tumor cell sups caused a decrease in both phagocytic capacity, and the number of latex particles engulfed by each individual cell.
Asunto(s)
Medios de Cultivo Condicionados/farmacología , Citocinas/efectos de los fármacos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/efectos de los fármacos , Fagocitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Citocinas/biosíntesis , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Humanos , Interleucina-1/biosíntesis , Interleucina-6/biosíntesis , Látex/farmacocinética , Leucocitos Mononucleares/citología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Neutrófilos/citología , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Tamaño de la Partícula , Superóxidos/metabolismo , Células Tumorales Cultivadas , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesisRESUMEN
To examine the effect of hypothermia on the phagocytic capacity of rat peritoneal macrophages for latex particles, male Wistar rats were exposed to 4 degrees C for 8 and 72 h. While the shorter exposure to cold did not affect body temperature and macrophage function, animals exposed to 4 degrees C for 72 h showed a mean decrease of their body temperature by 1.5 degrees C. The superoxide anion production was significantly increased whereas the number of phagocytic cells decreased. In addition, the mean number of latex particles engulfed by each individual cell was lower than that of controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of these animals showed lower mitogen response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), while that for concanavalin A (Con-A) remained unchanged. Peritoneal macrophages exposed in vitro to 24 degrees C for 60 min showed a decreased phagocytic capacity in comparison with macrophages kept at 37 degrees C, an observation suggesting the development of an indigenous cell defect for phagocytosis at lower temperatures. On the other hand, the effect of additional humoral factor(s) on macrophage activity, such as an increase in serum level of catecholamines and corticosterone, cannot be excluded. The results of the study may contribute to understanding the predisposition to infections during exposure to cold.
Asunto(s)
Hipotermia/inmunología , Macrófagos Peritoneales/inmunología , Fagocitosis , Animales , Concanavalina A/farmacología , Corticosterona/sangre , Hipotermia/fisiopatología , Técnicas In Vitro , Látex , Leucocitos Mononucleares/inmunología , Activación de Linfocitos , Macrófagos Peritoneales/metabolismo , Masculino , Fitohemaglutininas/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Superóxidos/metabolismo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The cost of medical care is constantly increasing. Therefore, ways of saving expenses should be considered. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possibility than an awareness of the cost of drugs for treatment of hypertension may affect physicians' prescription decisions. A questionnaire containing the clinical data of a young and an elderly imaginary patient with moderate hypertension was given to 30 family physicians and 30 hospital physicians together with a list of appropriate drugs (phase I). This was repeated as phase II except that for this stage the cost of the drugs was brought to the participants' attention. Knowing the cost of the drugs caused a decrease in prescription of the more expensive drugs for the younger patients; of 60% (family physicians) and 87% (hospital physicians). For their elderly patients family physicians preferred the less expensive drugs at both phases. 25% of the hospital doctors changed their preference towards less expensive drugs at phase II. For the younger patient, no correlation was found between the number of years of physicians' practice and the cost of the drugs chosen. For the elderly patient, physicians from both groups preferred less expensive drugs at phase II without any relation to their years of practice. The results of this study indicate that a knowledge of the price of the drugs may affect physicians' prescription decisions, a fact that may result in considerable saving by health providing organizations.
Asunto(s)
Antihipertensivos/economía , Costos de los Medicamentos , Utilización de Medicamentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Ahorro de Costo , Utilización de Medicamentos/economía , Humanos , Hipertensión/economía , Israel , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/economía , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
The in vitro effect of the garlic derivative alliin, on the mitogen induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation and cytokine production was examined. In addition, its effect on the engulfing capacity of phagocyting cells was evaluated. The results showed an increase in pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced cell proliferation, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production, as well as in the engulfing capacity of both percentage of phagocyting cells and number of latex particles phagocytized by each individual cell. The Con-A induced cell proliferation and IL-6 production decreased following incubation with alliin, whereas PHA-induced cell proliferation, IL-2 and superoxide anion generation remained unchanged. It is concluded that alliin in vitro exerts an immunomodulatory effect on certain functions of the peripheral blood cells.
Asunto(s)
Células Sanguíneas/inmunología , Cisteína/análogos & derivados , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Cisteína/farmacología , Citocinas/biosíntesis , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Mitógenos/farmacología , Monocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Monocitos/metabolismo , Fagocitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Superóxidos/sangreRESUMEN
The capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with treated Parkinson's disease (PD) to produce interleukin (IL) IL-1 beta IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and the proliferative response to mitogens, was compared with that from cells from healthy subjects. The production of IL-2 and the mitogen response were significantly lower in PD patients, whereas the secretion of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were significantly enhanced. To evaluate the role of levodopa in creating immunological alterations, PBMC of patients and controls were incubated with concentrations of the drug extrapolated from those used in clinical practice. Levodopa caused an inhibition of mitogen-induced proliferation, stimulation of IL-6 and TNF-alpha production, whereas the secretion of IL-1 beta and IL-2 was not affected. The results of the study provide a further support for the interrelationship between the central nervous and immune system. In addition, the data indicate that the immunological alterations found in PD may be partially attributed to levodopa administration.
Asunto(s)
División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Interleucinas/biosíntesis , Leucocitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Parkinson/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesis , Citocinas/efectos de los fármacos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Interleucina-1/biosíntesis , Interleucina-2/biosíntesis , Interleucina-6/biosíntesis , Levodopa/farmacología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mitógenos/farmacología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
To determine the phagocytic function of the peripheral blood polymorphonuclears from patients with treated and untreated Parkinson's disease (PD), these cells were incubated with latex particles and the number of phagocytes, as well as the number of particles engulfed by each individual cell, were counted. Cells of untreated PD patients were significantly less phagocytotic than those of matched subjects without neurological or immune disorders (24% vs. 45%, P < 0.001). In addition, phagocytes from PD patients engulfed less particles per cell than those of the controls (8.4 +/- 0.7 vs. 16.5 +/- 1.3, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in both functions in untreated and treated PD. The results indicate that in addition to the known immune alterations in patients with PD, the ability of their peripheral blood phagocytic cells to engulf latex particles is impaired.