Asunto(s)
Diagnóstico por Imagen , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía Torácica , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagen , Broncografía , Diagnóstico por Imagen/métodos , Humanos , Pulmón/patología , Enfermedades Pulmonares/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Neumotórax/diagnóstico por imagen , Atelectasia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía Torácica/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
In a 2-year study, we examined bone mass and calcium metabolism in 36 elderly women with moderate osteoporosis. The study period comprised 1 year of observation, during which the women received no treatment affecting calcium metabolism, and 1 year of treatment, during which all participants received daily salmon calcitonin (sCT) 100 IU rectally and calcium 500 mg. During the observational period a significant bone loss of 1.5% was seen in the forearm (P less than 0.01), whereas the spinal bone mass was virtually unchanged. After institution of treatment, the bone loss was arrested in the forearm and a significant increase of about 2% was seen in the spine (P less than 0.01). The net effect of treatment revealed a positive outcome in both bone compartments (1.9% and 2.9%, P less than 0.05-0.01). Correspondingly, the parameters of bone turnover (serum alkaline phosphatase, plasma bone Gla protein, and fasting urinary hydroxy-proline/creatinine) did not change during the observational period, but significantly declined, 10-30%, during sCT treatment (P less than 0.01-0.001). Tolerance was generally good, although in one woman, anoscopy revealed irritative changes in the rectal mucosa. We conclude that, given rectally, sCT is well absorbed and well tolerated and that it has a beneficial effect on calcium metabolism in moderately osteoporotic women.
Asunto(s)
Calcitonina/uso terapéutico , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Rectal , Anciano , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Densidad Ósea/fisiología , Huesos/metabolismo , Huesos/fisiopatología , Calcitonina/administración & dosificación , Calcio/metabolismo , Creatina/orina , Femenino , Humanos , Hidroxiprolina/orina , Osteocalcina/sangre , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/metabolismo , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/fisiopatología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Renal angiomyolipomata are rare, benign hamartomata composed of various amounts of fat, smooth muscle and blood vessels. The tumours may have an extremely variable clinical presentation which may be difficult to distinguish from other renal disorders. By combining the use of ultrasound- and CT-scanning, it is possible to make a definite diagnosis thus obviating usually unnecessary nephrectomy. Only symptomatic tumours require treatment. The treatment is directed mainly towards preventing or stopping bleeding. In cases where intervention is considered to be indicated, embolization should be carried out if possible. Otherwise, the renal surgery should preserve as much of the kidney as possible. Nephrectomy is indicated only for uncontrollable life-threatening bleeding, tumours which involve the whole kidney or in the presence of simultaneous carcinoma.
Asunto(s)
Hemangioma , Neoplasias Renales , Lipoma , Adulto , Hemangioma/diagnóstico , Hemangioma/patología , Hemangioma/terapia , Humanos , Neoplasias Renales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Neoplasias Renales/terapia , Lipoma/diagnóstico , Lipoma/patología , Lipoma/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
In a prospective study of 103 patients the incidence of cardiac events during intravenous digital subtraction angiography (i. v. DSA) was investigated. Of 103 patients 17 had known ischaemic heart disease. The examination was performed with an ionic contrast medium, Urografin 76% (sodium megluminediatrizoate), administered by bolus injection into the right atrium. Patients with severe cardiac disease were examined only if the procedure was considered of vital importance. Cardiac events were defined as ST-segment changes of more than 0.1 mV, changes in heart rate of more than 20%, arrhythmias and such symptoms as chest pain and dyspnoea. Ischaemic ST-segment changes during i. v. DSA were observed in approximately 20% of the patients and were not related to the presence of known ischaemic heart disease. Three patients developed angina during the procedure. Among 12 patients with known angina only one patient developed angina during the procedure. In this study chest pain was infrequent (3%), but there was a relative high frequency of ECG changes (20%) not related to patients with ischaemic heart disease only. It is concluded that there is a risk of cardiac events during i. v. DSA, but the risk is not increased in patients with known ischaemic heart disease (if they do not suffer from congestive heart failure) as compared with other patients without known ischaemic heart disease.