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This study aims to systematically review case reports and case series in order to compare the postoperative course of conservative, endovascular and surgical treatments for traumatic dural arteriovenous fistulas predominantly supplied by the middle meningeal artery (MMAVFs), which usually occur following head trauma or iatrogenic causes. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar until June 23rd, 2024. Three cohorts were defined based on the treatment modality employed. The primary outcomes were the rates of overall obliteration and postoperative complications, with all-cause mortlality considered as secondary outcome. A total of 61 studies encompassing 78 pooled MMAVFs were included in the qualitative analysis. The predominant demographic consisted of males (53.9%) with a median age of 50.5 (IQR: 33.5-67.5) years. The main etiologies for fistula formation were head trauma (75.6%), cranial neurosurgical procedures (11.5%) and endovascular embolization (8.97%). Venous drainage patterns were categorized as follows based on anatomical confluence: Class I (16.7%), II (14.1%), III (12.8%), IV (14.1%), V (7.7%), and VI (3.9%). Regarding treatment efficacy, the overall obliteration rate was 89.74%, achieved through endovascular (95.83%), surgical (64.29%) or conservative (93.75%) approaches. In terms of safety, the overall postoperative complication rate was 6.49% with an all-cause mortality rate of 8.97%, predominantly observed in the surgical group (35.71%). Our systematic review highlights the challenging management of traumatic MMAVFs, frequently associated with head injuries. Endovascular therapy has emerged as the predominant treatment modality, demonstrating markedly higher rates of fistula obliteration, reduced all-cause mortality, and fewer postoperative complications.
Asunto(s)
Arterias Meníngeas , Humanos , Arterias Meníngeas/cirugía , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/métodos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Embolización Terapéutica/métodos , Malformaciones Vasculares del Sistema Nervioso Central/cirugía , Fístula Arteriovenosa/cirugía , Masculino , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Femenino , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/complicaciones , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/cirugía , AncianoRESUMEN
Background: Transsphenoidal surgery has become a key element in the approach to skull base pathologies. The objective of the study was to explore the morphometry of the sphenoidal region in the Peruvian population, with an emphasis on understanding its specific anatomical characteristics and providing quantitative data for the planning of transsphenoidal surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional study included a random sample of 81 cases of healthy individuals who presented to the Radiology Department of a Private Hospital Center in Peru over 1 year. Skull computed tomography scans without contrast were performed, and a detailed morphometric analysis was conducted by an expert neurosurgeon, including measurements of four parameters to evaluate the anatomy of the craniofacial region. Results: Most participants exhibited complete sellar pneumatization, followed by incomplete sellar pneumatization, while conchal pneumatization was rare. Significant differences were found between men and women in the distance from the nasal opening to the dorsum of the sella turcica. No significant gender differences were observed in other anatomical measurements or significant changes with age in anatomical measurements. Conclusion: Morphometric analysis provides crucial data for the precise customization of surgical interventions in the Peruvian population, especially in transsphenoidal surgery. The results highlight the importance of considering individual anatomical differences and gender variability during surgical planning. Morphometry emerges as a valuable tool to enhance the quality and safety of transsphenoidal surgery by adapting surgical strategies to the specific anatomical dimensions of each patient.
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Background: The foramen magnum, as an anatomical structure, holds clinical and functional significance due to its strategic location in the craniovertebral transition. A detailed understanding of its dimensions and shapes is crucial for better comprehension of related pathologies and for enhancing neurosurgical techniques within a specific population. The objective is to measure precise morphometric reference points of the foramen magnum in individuals of Peruvian ancestry, aiming to establish specific anatomical patterns and potential variations within this population. Methods: The study was conducted on 17 unidentified skulls donated to the NeuroZone3D Research Center, utilizing an inelastic and soft measuring tape as the tool. Our report considered direct anthropometric measurement techniques with data collection performed by a single researcher. Results: Distinct morphometric characteristics were observed in the foramen magnum of the Peruvian population compared to other studies. The average measurements of the skull base revealed a foramen magnum with a mean length of 33.80 mm and a width of 28.70 mm, along with right condyles measuring 25 mm in length and 14.10 mm in width, and left condyles measuring 23.80 mm in length and 13.90 mm in width. Conclusion: The morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in the Peruvian population provides valuable insights into specific anatomical features within this ethnic group. These findings could have significant implications across various medical and surgical disciplines, from interpreting diagnostic images to designing more precise therapeutic interventions tailored to this population.
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This cross-sectional study analyzed the association between poor quality of sleep and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 389 Peruvian patients with HIV/AIDS. Poor quality of sleep was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and adherence with the CEAT-VIH (Peruvian adaptation). A Poisson generalized linear model with robust standard errors was used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95%CI. A crude model showed that mild, moderate, and severe poor quality of sleep were associated with inadequate treatment adherence. In the adjusted model for variables associated in the bivariate analysis or variables theoretically associated with adherence, only moderate/severe poor quality of sleep remained associated (PR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.17-1.54; and PR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.16-1.57, respectively). The study concluded that moderate/severe poor quality of sleep was independently associated with adherence to HAART. Assessing quality of sleep may be helpful in the comprehensive evaluation of HIV patients.
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Terapia Antirretroviral Altamente Activa/psicología , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Cumplimiento de la Medicación/psicología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Perú , Distribución de Poisson , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Con el objetivo de evaluar si existe asociación entre la mala calidad de sueño y la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) en personas con infección por VIH/ SIDA; llevamos a cabo un estudio analítico de corte transversal que incluyó 389 pacientes peruanos en TARGA. La mala calidad de sueño fue medida con la Escala de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh y la adherencia con el CEAT-VIH. Realizamos un modelo lineal generalizado de familia Poisson, con errores estándar robustos para estimar razones de prevalencia y su IC95%. A nivel crudo la mala calidad de sueño leve, moderada y severa se asoció a la adherencia inadecuada. Al ajustar por las variables asociadas en el análisis bivariado o por las variables teóricamente asociadas a la adherencia, sólo la mala calidad de sueño moderada/severa se mantuvo asociada (RP = 1,34; IC95%: 1,17-1,54 y RP = 1,34; IC95%: 1,16-1,57; respectivamente). Se concluye que la mala calidad de sueño moderada/severa se asocia de manera independiente con la adherencia al TARGA. La evaluación de la calidad de sueño podría por ende ser útil en la valoración integral de los pacientes con VIH.
This cross-sectional study analyzed the association between poor quality of sleep and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 389 Peruvian patients with HIV/AIDS. Poor quality of sleep was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and adherence with the CEAT-VIH (Peruvian adaptation). A Poisson generalized linear model with robust standard errors was used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95%CI. A crude model showed that mild, moderate, and severe poor quality of sleep were associated with inadequate treatment adherence. In the adjusted model for variables associated in the bivariate analysis or variables theoretically associated with adherence, only moderate/severe poor quality of sleep remained associated (PR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.17-1.54; and PR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.16-1.57, respectively). The study concluded that moderate/severe poor quality of sleep was independently associated with adherence to HAART. Assessing quality of sleep may be helpful in the comprehensive evaluation of HIV patients.
A fim de avaliar se a associação entre a má qualidade do sono e adesão à terapia antirretroviral (TARV) em pessoas com infecção pelo HIV/AIDS, realizamos um estudo analítico de corte transversal que incluiu 389 pacientes peruanos em TARV. A má qualidade do sono foi medida com a escala Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh (IQSP) e a aderência com o CEAT- (adaptação peruana). Foi realizado um modelo linear generalizado da família Poisson com padrão de erros robustos, para estimar as razões de prevalência e IC95%. No nível cru, a má qualidade do sono leve, moderada e grave foram associadas com adesão inadequada. Quando fizemos o ajuste para as variáveis associadas na análise bivariada ou variáveis teoricamente associadas à adesão, somente a má qualidade moderada/grave manteve-se associada (RP = 1,34; IC95%: 1,17-1,54 e RP = 1,34; IC95%: 1,16-1,57; respectivamente). Concluímos que a má qualidade do sono moderada/grave está independentemente associada com a adesão a TARV. Avaliar a qualidade do sono pode ser útil na avaliação global do paciente com HIV.