RESUMEN
Thermophiles and hyperthermophiles are those organisms which grow at high temperature (> 40°C). The unusual properties of these organisms have received interest in multiple fields of biological research, and have found applications in biotechnology, especially in industrial processes. However, there are few listings of thermophilic and hyperthermophilic organisms and their relevant environmental and physiological data. Such repositories can be used to standardize definitions of thermophile and hyperthermophile limits and tolerances and would mitigate the need for extracting organism data from diverse literature sources across multiple, sometimes loosely related, research fields. Therefore, we have developed ThermoBase, a web-based and freely available database which currently houses comprehensive descriptions for 1238 thermophilic or hyperthermophilic organisms. ThermoBase reports taxonomic, metabolic, environmental, experimental, and physiological information in addition to literature resources. This includes parameters such as coupling ions for chemiosmosis, optimal pH and range, optimal temperature and range, optimal pressure, and optimal salinity. The database interface allows for search features and sorting of parameters. As such, it is the goal of ThermoBase to facilitate and expedite hypothesis generation, literature research, and understanding relating to thermophiles and hyperthermophiles within the scientific community in an accessible and centralized repository. ThermoBase is freely available online at the Astrobiology Habitable Environments Database (AHED; https://ahed.nasa.gov), at the Database Center for Life Science (TogoDB; http://togodb.org/db/thermobase), and in the S1 File.
Asunto(s)
Archaea , Biotecnología , Archaea/genética , Calor , Filogenia , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Cardiothoracic surgery is a clinical and scientific discipline that has evolved enormously over the last decades. Cardiac problems that were historically death sentences can now be addressed with approaches that only continue to improve. In the late 1950s, while cardiothoracic surgery was still a nascent field, Nina Starr Braunwald emerged as a pioneer for this exponential improvement. As the first woman cardiac surgeon in an era in which general surgery and surgical specialties were dominated by men, Dr Braunwald not only made revolutionary contributions to cardiothoracic surgery, but also did so while balancing roles as a dedicated mother and supportive partner.