RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To interpret the experiences of alcohol-dependent elderly people. METHOD: Qualitative research developed through the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Grounded Theory in the Straussian version. It was carried out in a small town in the mid-western region of the state of São Paulo. The selection was by theoretical sampling, totaling 25 participants from three sample groups. Semistructured interviews were conducted from March 2019 to January 2020. RESULTS: The phenomenon "Experiencing alcohol dependence in old age", is conditioned by the category "Initiating Alcohol Consumption", are actions/interactions "Justifying alcohol consumption" and "Coping with alcohol treatment and abstinence" whose consequences are "Experiencing the harms of alcohol dependence" and "Expressing feelings". CONCLUSION: It was evidenced that the elderly participants consider alcohol dependence as a way to deal with negative emotions, and, in this trajectory, they experience physical, mental, and social consequences. The elderly in abstinence express feelings of loneliness, regret, and desire for a life with quality, and indicate that behavioral change occurs through treatment and awareness of its harmful effects.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo , Humanos , Anciano , Teoría Fundamentada , Brasil , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To interpret the experiences of alcohol-dependent elderly people. Method: Qualitative research developed through the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Grounded Theory in the Straussian version. It was carried out in a small town in the mid-western region of the state of São Paulo. The selection was by theoretical sampling, totaling 25 participants from three sample groups. Semistructured interviews were conducted from March 2019 to January 2020. Results: The phenomenon "Experiencing alcohol dependence in old age", is conditioned by the category "Initiating Alcohol Consumption", are actions/interactions "Justifying alcohol consumption" and "Coping with alcohol treatment and abstinence" whose consequences are "Experiencing the harms of alcohol dependence" and "Expressing feelings". Conclusion: It was evidenced that the elderly participants consider alcohol dependence as a way to deal with negative emotions, and, in this trajectory, they experience physical, mental, and social consequences. The elderly in abstinence express feelings of loneliness, regret, and desire for a life with quality, and indicate that behavioral change occurs through treatment and awareness of its harmful effects.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Interpretar las experiencias de las personas mayores dependientes del alcohol. Método: Investigación cualitativa desarrollada a través de los supuestos teóricos y metodológicos de la Teoría Fundamentada en Datos en su versión straussiana. Se llevó a cabo en un municipio de pequeño tamaño de la región centro-oeste del Estado de São Paulo. La selección fue por muestreo teórico, totalizando 25 participantes de tres grupos de muestra. Las entrevistas semiestructuradas se realizaron entre marzo de 2019 y enero de 2020. Resultados: El fenómeno "Experimentar la dependencia del alcohol en la vejez", está condicionado por la categoría "Iniciar el consumo de alcohol", son acciones/interacciones "Justificar el consumo de alcohol" y "Afrontar el tratamiento del alcohol y la abstinencia" cuyas consecuencias son "Experimentar el daño de la dependencia del alcohol" y "Expresar sentimientos". Conclusión: Se evidenció que los participantes de edad avanzada consideran la dependencia del alcohol como una forma de lidiar con las emociones negativas y, en esta trayectoria, experimentan consecuencias físicas, mentales y sociales. Los ancianos en abstinencia expresan sentimientos de soledad, arrepentimiento y deseo de una vida con calidad, e indican que el cambio de comportamiento se produce gracias al tratamiento y a la conciencia de sus efectos nocivos.
RESUMO Objetivo: Interpretar as vivências dos idosos dependentes de álcool. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida por meio dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Teoria Fundamentada dos Dados na versão straussiana. Foi realizada em um município de pequeno porte da região centro-oeste paulista. A seleção foi por amostragem teórica, totalizando 25 participantes a partir de três grupos amostrais. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas entre março de 2019 a janeiro de 2020. Resultados: O fenômeno "Vivenciando a dependência de álcool na velhice", está condicionado pela categoria "Iniciando o consumo de Álcool", são ações/interações "Justificando o consumo de álcool" e "Enfrentando o tratamento e a abstinência do álcool" cujas consequências são "Experienciando os danos da dependência de álcool" e "Expressando sentimentos". Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que os idosos participantes consideram a dependência de álcool como forma de lidar com emoções negativas, e, nessa trajetória, experienciam consequências físicas, mentais e sociais. Os idosos em abstinência expressam sentimentos de solidão, arrependimento e desejo de uma vida com qualidade, e indicam que a mudança comportamental ocorre por meio do tratamento e conscientização de seus malefícios.