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Menopausal women experience changes in ovarian activity and fluctuating hormone levels. The aim of this study was to detect ongoing sleep and nutritional problems in postmenopausal women. This study was conducted with 62 postmenopausal women who had been diagnosed with major depressive disorder, were aged 42-64, were not dieting for at least 1 month, and had been using antidepressants for at least 6 months. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42 were used. Anthropometric measurements were taken and body composition analysis was performed. The prevalence of obesity and overweight were 12.9% and 71%, respectively. Hot flashes, night sweats, and mood swing were more common in those who had been through menopause for <5 years. Also, the PSQI, Depression, and Stress scores of those women were higher. Women who had been menopausal for ≥5 years had a higher BMI, waist/hip ratio, and fat mass and better sleep quality and lower daytime dysfunction according to the PSQI. Energy and fat intake were higher, while protein, vitamin C, and calcium intakes were lower in women who had been menopausal for ≥5 years. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to review approaches for early and late menopausal periods and to individualize treatment options, especially in patients whose symptoms persist.

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AIM: The study aimed to evaluate the differentiation ability of intravitreally injected rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs) to retinal ganglion-like cells in a polystyrene microsphere induced rat glaucoma model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The glaucoma rat model was generated via intracameral injection of 7 microliter polystyrene microspheres. Green fluorescence protein-labeled (GFP) rBM-MSCs were transplanted intravitreally at or after induction of ocular hypertension (OHT), depending on the groups. By the end of the fourth week, flat-mount retinal dissection was performed, and labeled against Brn3a, CD90, GFAP, CD11b, Vimentin, and localization of GFP positive rBM-MSCs was used for evaluation through immunofluorescence staining and to count differentiated retinal cells by flow cytometry. From 34 male Wistar albino rats, 56 eyes were investigated. RESULTS: Flow cytometry revealed significantly increased CD90 and Brn3a positive cells in glaucoma induced and with rBM-MSC injected groups compared to control(P = 0.006 and P = 0.003 respectively), sham-operated (P = 0.007 and P < 0.001 respectively), and only rBM-MSCs injected groups (P = 0.002 and P = 0.009 respectively). Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed differentiation of GFP labeled stem cells to various retinal cells, including ganglion-like cells. rBM-MSCs were observable in ganglion cells, inner and outer nuclear retinal layers in rBM-MSCs injected eyes. CONCLUSION: Intravitreally transplanted rBM-MSCs differentiated into retinal cells, including ganglion-like cells, which successfully created a glaucoma model damaged with polystyrene microspheres. Promisingly, MSCs may have a role in neuro-protection and neuro-regeneration treatment of glaucoma in the future.

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Automated shuttles are already seeing deployment in many places across the world and have the potential to transform public mobility to be safer and more accessible. During the current transition phase from fully manual vehicles toward higher degrees of automation and resulting mixed traffic, there is a heightened need for additional communication or external indicators to comprehend automated vehicle actions for other road users. In this work, we present and discuss the results from seven studies (three preparatory and four main studies) conducted in three European countries aimed at investigating and providing a variety of such external communication solutions to facilitate the exchange of information between automated shuttles and other motorized and non-motorized road users.

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A hyphenated instrumental method high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-OES) was used for the separation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI). After the chromatographic separation of chromium species by anion exchange column, their spectrophotometric detection was carried out by ICP-OES system. Important instrumental and chromatographic parameters were investigated via univariate optimization approach to obtain high signal to noise ratio and good resolution for chromium species. Under the optimum HPLC-ICP-OES conditions, limit of detection (LOD) values for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were found to be 0.27 and 0.05 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, accuracy and applicability of developed method were checked by recovery experiments performed with the spiked soil, grass, and water samples. High percent recovery results (88-104%) were achieved by utilizing matrix matching calibration strategy for the selected samples. The results showed that this method was accurate and applicable to soil, grass, and water samples.

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Relict permafrost is ubiquitous throughout the Arctic coastal shelf, but little is known about it near shore. The presence and thawing of subsea permafrost are vital information because permafrost stores an atmosphere's worth of carbon and protects against coastal erosion. Through electrical resistivity imaging across a lagoon on the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast in summer, we found that the subsurface is not ice-bonded down to ~20 m continually from within the lagoon, across the beach, and underneath an ice-wedge polygon on the tundra. This contrasts with the broadly held idea of a gently sloping ice-bonded permafrost table extending from land to offshore. The extensive unfrozen zone is a marine talik connected to on-land cryopeg. This zone is a potential source and conduit for water and dissolved organic matter, is vulnerable to physical degradation, and is liable to changes in biogeochemical processes that affect carbon cycling and climate feedbacks.

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Nowadays, the use of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in clinical therapies have an increased acceleration, while it constitutes two sides of yin-yang with its ameliorating effects in regenerative medicine and promoting effects in carcinogenesis. It has been shown that the treatment activities of MSCs are mediated by paracrine factors secreted. These paracrine factors are transmitting via exosomes secreted from MSCs. With the understanding of this mechanism, cell-free therapies have begun to create a new path in MSC based therapies. At this point, two sides of the yin-yang have once again become controversial. In addition, there are conflicting study results in the literature. Due to this contradiction, we have designed this study to demonstrate the role of MSCs in the carcinogenesis process and we investigated the proliferation effect of MSC-derived exosomes on cancer cell lines. Two parallel experimental setups were established, as an experimental group, the four-different epithelial cancer cell lines and Wharton's Jelly (WJ)-MSC derived exosomes were directly co-cultured with in 6 different concentrations and simultaneously in the control group cells were cultured respectively. PKH-26 labelling was performed for detection of exosome locations in co-cultures. Each group were evaluated by WST-1 and xCelligence assays for proliferation and confirmed with PCNA staining. The results were analysed with paired t-test and Newman-Keuls comparison. The relative comparison demonstrated a significant increase in the rate of proliferation only in exosome co-cultures with WJ-MSCs and it was supported by PCNA staining. Cancer cell lines in co-cultures have not shown any significant increase neither in proliferation assays nor in PCNA staining. MSCs regulate their secretions according to the microenvironment, they have more dominant regenerative feature rather than triggering cancer proliferation.

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Thermal power plants are of great environmental importance in terms of the huge amounts of wastes that they produce. Although there are process-wise differences among these energy production systems, they all depend on the logic of burning out a fuel and obtaining thermal energy to rotate the turbines. Depending on the process modification and the type of fuel burned, the wastes produced in each step of the overall process may change. In this study, the most expected process and non-process wastes stemming from different power generation processes have been identified and given their European Waste Codes. Giving priority to the waste minimization options for the most problematic wastes from thermal power plants, waste management strategies have been defined. In addition, by using the data collected from site visits, from the literature and provided by the Turkish Republic Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, waste generation factor ranges expressed in terms of kilogram of waste per energy produced annually (kg/MWh) have been estimated. As a result, the highest generation was found to be in fly ash (24-63 for imported coal, 200-270 for native coal), bottom ash (1.3-6 for imported coal, 42-87 for native coal) and the desulfurization wastes (7.3-32) produced in coal combustion power plants. The estimated waste generation factors carry an important role in that they aid the authorities to monitor the production wastes declared by the industries.

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BACKGROUND: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability reason of childhood that occurs secondarily to non-progressive damage in the brain whose development is still ongoing. METHODS: 6-year-old dystonic-spastic male CP patient received allogenic mesenchymal stem cells treatment four times as 1×106/kg in intrathecal and intravenous administration of Umbilical Cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) ways. Before and after the treatment, the patient was followed-up with FIM (Functional Independent Measurement), GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System 88), Tardieu Scale, TCMS (Trunk Control Measurement Scale), MACS (Manual Ability Classification Scale), CFSS (Communication Function Classification System) for 18 months and received intensive rehabilitation. RESULTS: Improvements were observed especially in functional scales except for the Tardieu Scale, and no adverse effects were detected aside from a slight pain in the back. CONCLUSION: Wider future case studies on UC-MSCs will enable us to assess the efficacy of UC-MSCs which have positive impacts especially on functional scales.