Asunto(s)
Contaminación Ambiental/efectos adversos , Industrias , Enfermedades del Recién Nacido/etiología , Contaminantes Radiactivos/efectos adversos , Contaminación Ambiental/análisis , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Enfermedades del Recién Nacido/epidemiología , Enfermedades del Recién Nacido/mortalidad , Análisis de Regresión , U.R.S.S./epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The paper is devoted to analysis of the rates and structure of mortality of infants aged under 1 in a town, situated near a nuclear power enterprise (NPE). Altogether 38124 infants born in 1950-1978, were investigated. The dead infants (1160) were divided into 3 groups with relation to their parents' place of work: 1--infants whose parents worked in the NPE; 2--infants whose parents worked in town factories and offices; 3--all infants in the town. The total doses of gamma-irradiation for mothers were 10-400 cSv, those for fathers--30-520 cSv, intrauterine irradiation of a fetus was 0.5-55 cSv. The individual effective equivalent dose of irradiation of the residents of the town was 17.3 cSv over 40 years. Occupational gamma-irradiation of the parents at doses exceeding the maximum permissible ones in the first 10 years of work at the NPE made no effect on the mortality rates in infants of the first generation. Differences in the mortality rates from the same causes were determined by socioeconomic factors.
Asunto(s)
Mortalidad Infantil , Reactores Nucleares , Exposición Profesional , Padres , Radioquímica , Población Urbana , Humanos , Lactante , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
As a result of an accidental outburst of long-lived radionuclides at the nearest zone of the trace, a dose rate of gamma-radiation was several dozen CGy/h and in the open country at some populated areas it was 0.1 CGy/h. The evacuation of 10730 persons permitted a decrease of possible radiation doses 2-24-fold. A follow-up of persons who had been exposed to the highest effective equivalent doses of radiation before the evacuation revealed unstable indices of leukocytes and platelets (however they were within normal variations) in the first 2 years. Morbidity and mortality rates among the adults, the rates of congenital diseases and pediatric mortality did not differ from the control values. The rate of families having children born from persons aged 10 to 30 at the time of the accident did not differ from the similar rates for the USSR; this rate was lower by 5-10% than the control values for persons aged 0 to 9 at that time. Standardized birth rates in the study group (31 x 8,10(-3)) were much higher than in the control group (18 x 4,10(-3)).