RESUMEN
The elderly are especially prone to psychological illness. Cognitive impairment increases with age and as this is a primary symptom of many common disorders, it constitutes a major health problem. The elderly also frequently become depressed and have the highest suicide rate of all age groups. Given the increasing numbers of elderly persons in the population, the primary care physician must assume the reponsibility of evaluating, diagnosing and initiating psychiatric treatment with an emphasis on early and accurate diagnosis, and the detection of underlying causes, many of which are reversible (AU)
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Humanos , Anciano , Trastornos Mentales , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Delirio/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Depresión/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Trastornos de la Memoria/diagnóstico , Trastornos Mentales/diagnóstico , Esquizofrenia/diagnósticoRESUMEN
This work was designed to evaluate, in conjunction with certain dopamine agonists, the effects of disruption of the mesolimbic system on spontaneous motor activity and stereotype. The results indicated that lesions to the nucleus accumbens produced increments in motor activity that were exacerbated by amphetamine (5.0 mg/kg). Administration of apomorphine (1.0 mg.kg) produced similar results but was not as effective as amphetamine in inducing motor dysfunction. The relevance of these findings to psychopathology and motor disorders is discussed, with implications for public health policy (AU)
Asunto(s)
21003 , Humanos , Masculino , Ratas , Dopamina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Actividad Motora/efectos de los fármacos , Núcleo Accumbens/fisiología , Núcleos Septales/fisiología , Apomorfina/farmacología , Dextroanfetamina/farmacología , Núcleo Accumbens/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas Endogámicas , Esquizofrenia/etiologíaRESUMEN
The internal-external control dimension (I.E.) derived from social learning theory described two characteristic "world views" or generalized expectancies concerning reinforcement. One group of individuals view the locus of casuality for personality relevant events as external. Others view events products of their own actions. Thus individuals are conceived as varying along a "Locus Control" dimension, with the end points labelled internal and external. In a study of 375 adolescents, the author investigated the prediction of the locus of control and simultaneously self-esteem. This paper describes four behaviour patterns that occur with some regularity in West Indian adolescents. These categories are relative, not absolute. Nevertheless, most pupils observed in the course of this research displayed certain traits and qualities to such a degree that their behaviour could be viewed as more representative of one of the conceptual categories than others (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Conducta del Adolescente , Control Interno-Externo , Autoimagen , Jamaica , Inglaterra , Psicología del Adolescente , Hostilidad , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Personalidad , Aislamiento Social , Enseñanza , Indias Occidentales/etnologíaRESUMEN
This paper challenges the fundamental assumptions and empirical evidence upon which earlier conventional views of the nature and meaning of black self-esteem are based. Review of the literature reveals that a number of these assumptions and conclusions have been drawn from poor, incomplete and inadequate empirical data. Results of more recent rigorous investigations suggest alternative conclusions and interpretations regarding the meaning, level and quality of black self-esteem (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Psicología del Adolescente , Grupos Minoritarios/psicología , Autoimagen , Actitud , Características Culturales , Factores Sexuales , Asia/etnología , Indias Occidentales/etnología , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
The aim of this paper is twofold, first to examine whether the reaction to minority group found in the United States and elsewhere will be present among the adolescents of Asian and West Indian immigrants to Britain. Secondly to ascertain the differences if any, between Asian and West Indian adolescents in terms of their ideas concerning Locus of Control. Reading ability and social class of subjects were controlled; a minimum reading age of 10.0 years was required and the sample was drawn from categories 3-5 of the Registrar-General's classification of occupation. Analysis of variance revealed a considerable race difference with respect to Locus of Control. Asian and English adolescents were found to be at the internal dimension whilst West Indian adolescents were at the external dimension. Within each ethnic group Asian girls were the most internal; however English girls were more external in orientation than the English boys (AU)