RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The LYP tyrosine phosphatase presents a SNP (1858C > T) that increases the risk of developing autoimmune diseases such as type I diabetes and arthritis. It remains unclear how this SNP affects LYP function and promotes the development of these diseases. The scarce information about LYP substrates is in part responsible for the poor understanding of LYP function. RESULTS: In this study, we identify in T lymphocytes several adaptor proteins as potential substrates targeted by LYP, including FYB, SLP-76, HS-1, Vav, SKAP1 and SKAP2. We also show that LYP co-localizes with SLP76 in microclusters, upon TCR engagement. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that LYP may modulate T cell activation by dephosphorylating several adaptor proteins, such as FYB, SLP-76, HS-1, Vav, SKAP1 and SKAP2 upon TCR engagement.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales , Fosfoproteínas , Proteína Asociada a la Molécula de Señalización de la Activación Linfocitaria , Linfocitos T , Humanos , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Células Jurkat , Activación de Linfocitos , Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo , Fosforilación , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatasas/metabolismo , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Proteína Asociada a la Molécula de Señalización de la Activación Linfocitaria/genética , Proteína Asociada a la Molécula de Señalización de la Activación Linfocitaria/metabolismoRESUMEN
The aim of this work was to provide recent fatty acid (FA) profiling of chocolates and chocolate products, principally C18:1 trans FAs (TFAs). Thirty-two samples were analyzed by gas chromatography and FAs were quantified. The total TFA content declared in chocolate labeling and the real TFA content were compared. The TFA content ranged from 0.04 to 2.51 g/100 g of sample, and it was noticed that several manufacturers were underestimating the total TFA content in their labeling. The main TFA isomers quantified were C18:1 trans-9 (0.006-0.244%), C18:1 trans-10 (0.009-0.392%), and C18:1 trans-11 (0.013-0.464%), expressed in g/100 g of sample. Principal component analysis was used to discriminate industrial fats from natural trans fats based on the isomeric TFA profile and dairy fat (DF) biomarkers allowing to group samples in four clusters: high TFA content and high DF content, high TFA content and low DF content, low TFA content and high DF content, and low TFA content and low DF content.