RESUMEN
The polymerization of methacrylic monomers present in dental composite resins never reaches completion and therefore the leakage of residual monomers into the oral cavity and into biological fluids can cause local and systemic adverse effects. This work was carried out to study the in vitro biochemical interactions of urethane dimethacrylate and 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate monomers with HL-60 cells, a cell line assumed as an experimental model for simulating granulocyte behaviour. Our main finding was that both monomers induce cell differentiation at toxic concentrations and that cytotoxicity seems to be caused by alterations of glucose metabolism arising from mitochondrial dysfunction rather than from oxidative stress, which could not be altogether verified under our experimental conditions. Our study could be considered as a useful approach to investigate the biochemical mechanisms that contribute to the cytotoxicity of methacrylate compounds and it underlines the importance of assessing such parameters for testing biocompatibility in order to promote the development of better and safer dental materials.
Asunto(s)
Resinas Compuestas/toxicidad , Metabolismo Energético/efectos de los fármacos , Células Precursoras de Granulocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Metacrilatos/toxicidad , Poliuretanos/toxicidad , Análisis de Varianza , Catalasa/efectos de los fármacos , Catalasa/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Resinas Compuestas/química , Materiales Dentales/química , Materiales Dentales/toxicidad , Glucosa/metabolismo , Glutatión Reductasa/efectos de los fármacos , Glutatión Reductasa/metabolismo , Células Precursoras de Granulocitos/metabolismo , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Metacrilatos/química , Oxidación-Reducción/efectos de los fármacos , Consumo de Oxígeno/efectos de los fármacos , Poliuretanos/química , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Superóxido Dismutasa/efectos de los fármacos , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
In the last years the studies regarding the biocompatibility of dental materials investigate, in addition to the classic cytotoxic tests, the interactions between the materials and the host cells to better explain the causes of the adverse effects observed sometimes in the clinical practice. In the present study the ability of diurethane dimethacrylate (DUDMA) and 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate (BDDMA) methacrylic monomers present in dental composite resins to alter the functionality of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) and polymorphonucleate cells (PMNs) was examined. These cells are involve in the biological response to materials and in the host ability to respond to bacteria. The results obtained suggest that the examined methacrylates induce a relevant decrease of PBMs oxidative burst whereas the basal ROS production is only slightly decreased. In PMNs DUDMA induces a decrease of both basal and stimulated ROS production. BDDMA, on the contrary, it does not alter total oxidative burst in presence of stimulus while induces a statistically significant decrease of basal ROS production. Moreover this monomer alters the reaction kinetics of stimulated ROS production. The reported finding seems to indicate that this molecule could be able to stabilize PMNs in resting state and maximize their stimulated activity.
Asunto(s)
Materiales Dentales/farmacología , Metacrilatos/farmacología , Fagocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Fagocitos/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Estallido Respiratorio/efectos de los fármacos , Uretano/análogos & derivados , Materiales Dentales/química , Cinética , Mediciones Luminiscentes/métodos , Metacrilatos/química , Metacrilatos/toxicidad , Estructura Molecular , Oxidación-Reducción , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Uretano/química , Uretano/farmacología , Uretano/toxicidadRESUMEN
Methacrylates are present in dental composite resins used in clinical practice. Methacrylates are photo-polymerized, but this reaction is never complete, so release of uncured monomers in the periapical tissues and in biological fluids may happen and, potentially, alter the repair of pulpal and of periapical lesions by interfering with local phagocytes. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the functional activity of the monocyte-macrophage system after incubation with methacrylic monomers. The oxidative burst of two cellular systems was analysed using the chemiluminescence technique. Data were collected and statistically analysed. Monomers were found to reduce the in vitro oxidative burst of phagocytes independently from their cytotoxicity. These findings demand further evaluation of the effects of oxidative burst alteration in monocyte-macrophage function and may prompt the inclusion of the described chemiluminescence test in biocompatibility preliminary studies of dental materials.