RESUMEN
Three cases of scorpionism caused by Tityus adrianoi Lourenço occurring in the cities of Belo Horizonte and Curvelo, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, are presented. The patients were treated on the same day as the accident and in all cases, only local pain was reported, which varied from low to intense, without posterior complications. All three cases were classified as mild.
Asunto(s)
Dolor/etiología , Picaduras de Escorpión/complicaciones , Escorpiones/clasificación , Adulto , Animales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Dipirona/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor/tratamiento farmacológico , Picaduras de Escorpión/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The vectorial competence of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus is discussed in relation to the epidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis, taking into account its strict association with dogs and the low indices of natural infection presented by its known vector, the phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. In order to evaluate natural infection by Leishmania chagasi and the infectivity of these parasites in the tick, 39 specimens (6 females, 11 males and 22 nymphs) of R. sanguineus were removed from 21 dogs showing diverse symptoms of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL). Six ticks (15.4%) gave positive results for the genus Leishmania using the PCR technique. To determine the infectivity of the parasites, 36 hamsters were inoculated orally and peritoneally with macerates of ticks removed from nine dogs symptomatic for visceral leishmaniasis. After 6 months the hamsters were sacrificed and necropsied. Serum was removed for IFAT, as well as spleen and liver fragments to make imprint smears and for PCR. Eight (88.9%) of these dogs presented ticks that were infective for 14 hamsters (41.2%), 12 (85.7%) of them infected peritoneally and two (14.3%) orally. PCR revealed 27 smears (40.9%) to be positive, 20 (62.5%) of them infected peritoneally and seven (20.6%) orally. IFAT showed 14 positive animals (41.2%). Based on these findings, we suggest that the vectorial capacity of R. sanguineus for L. chagasi should be evaluated further, opening new perspectives in the epidemiology of ZVL.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/parasitología , Ixodidae/parasitología , Leishmania infantum/crecimiento & desarrollo , Leishmaniasis Visceral/parasitología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/veterinaria , Zoonosis/parasitología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Vectores Artrópodos/parasitología , Brasil/epidemiología , Cricetinae , ADN Protozoario/química , ADN Protozoario/genética , Enfermedades de los Perros/transmisión , Perros , Femenino , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente Indirecta/veterinaria , Leishmaniasis Visceral/epidemiología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/transmisión , Hígado/parasitología , Masculino , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Bazo/parasitología , Infestaciones por Garrapatas/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Scorpions, especially in urban areas, due to the great demographic density and confrontation possibility, represent a risk to the public health. Tityus serrulatus is the most important species, causing the highest number of accidents. This study intended to raise epidemic data and the occurrence of scorpionism in Belo Horizonte, between 1990 and 1997. The data were gathered from the records of Hospital de Pronto Socorro João XXIII. Of the 3265 cases, most occurred in 1996, of which six were fatal accidents. With greater incidence in January, the male sex, superior members and 25-65 year-old age group were the most affected. The results constitute an important tool for the control of scorpionism, since they delimit the areas most involved and the victims' profile, enabling more efficient and durable prevention educational campaigns.
Asunto(s)
Picaduras de Escorpión/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Picaduras de Escorpión/mortalidad , Escorpiones , Distribución por Sexo , Salud Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Adultos, ninfas e lêndeas da espécie Pediculus humanus foram encontrados em barraco, infestando roupas de cama e vestes de três habitantes em uma favela na cidade de Säo Paulo, Estado de Säo Paulo, Brasil. Lêndeas, num total de 198, foram encontradas aderidas em 15,0 cm2 de fibras de vestes infestadas, dando uma média de 13,2 por cm2. Dada a freqüência em diversas cidades do Brasil, de precárias condiçöes de vida, promiscuidade, ausência de saneamento básico e negligência das autoridades sanitárias tal ocorrência poderá ser maior do que um simples caso isolado