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The original version of this article [1], published on 15 January 2020, contained incorrect name of the co- author. In this Correction the affected part of the article is shown.

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BACKGROUND: Lima is one of the more polluted cities in Latin America. High levels of PM2.5 have been shown to increase health center outpatient visits of respiratory diseases. METHODS: Health center outpatient visits for children < 5 years for childhood respiratory disease (acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), pneumonia and acute bronchiolitis/asthma) from 498 public clinics in Lima were available on a weekly basis from 2011 to 2015 from Peru's Ministry of Health (MINSA). The association between the average weekly concentrations of PM2.5 was evaluated in relation to the number of weekly health center outpatient visits for children. Weekly PM2.5 values were estimated using a recently developed model that combined data observed from ground monitors, with data from space satellite and meteorology. Ground monitoring data came from 10 fixed stations of the Peruvian National Service of Meteorology and Hydrology (SENAMHI) and from 6 mobile stations located in San Juan de Miraflores by Johns Hopkins University. We conducted a time-series analysis using a negative binomial model. RESULTS: We found a significant association between exposure to PM2.5 and all three types of respiratory diseases, across all age groups. For an interquartile increase in PM2.5, we found an increase of 6% for acute lower respiratory infections, an increase of 16-19% for pneumonia, and an increase of 10% for acute bronchiolitis / asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Higher emissions of environmental pollutants such as PM2,5 could be a trigger for the increase of health center outpatients visits for respiratory diseases (ALRI, pneumonia and asthma), which are themselves risk factors for mortality for children in Lima province, Peru.

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Objetivo: Determinar el efecto neuroprotector de la administración de la semilla de Prunus dulcis “almendra” sobre el tejido nervioso en ratones inducidos a estrés por desorientación motora. Diseño: Estudio analítico, transversal, experimental y prospectivo. Lugar: Laboratorios del Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición Alberto Guzmán Barrón, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM, Lima, Perú. Materiales: Ratones albinos BALB/c (Mus musculus) machos y Prunus dulcis “almendra”. Métodos: Se utilizó 42 ratones, según expertos, de 3 meses de edad y 31 ± 4,49 de peso, distribuidos aleatoriamente en seis grupos (n=7). Todos los grupos recibieron la misma dieta balanceada y agua ad libitum durante 5 días. Recibieron los siguientes tratamientos, por cinco días, vía peroral: grupo I y II: suero fisiológico (NaCI 0,9g por ciento 10mL/kg), grupo III: vitamina E 400mg/kg, grupo IV: almendra 100 mg/kg, grupo V: almendra 500 mg/kg y grupo VI: almendra 1000 mg/kg; 12 horas antes de finalizar el Tto., se cortaron los bigotes de los ratones, excepto al grupo 1; y luego de 12 horas se realizó el sacrificio. Principales medidas de los resultados: Nivel de lipoperoxidación expresado en sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARs) y nivel de Grupos sulfhídrilos no proteicos (GS-NP), además de cambios histopatológicos de tejido de cerebro y cerebelo. Resultados: La administración de Prunus dulcis “almendra” aumenta significativamente (p<0.05) los niveles de GS-NP en todos los grupos (excepto G VI) en comparación con el G II en cerebro; los niveles de TBARs disminuyen significativamente (p<0.05) en el grupo V y VI comparado con el grupo II, y en relación a los cambios histológicos se observa una mejora leve en el G V en comparación con el G II. Conclusiones: La administración de la suspensión de la semilla del Prunus dulcis "almendra" expresó un efecto neuroprotector en los indicadores bioquímicos (TBARs y GS-NP), sobre el tejido nervioso en ratones inducidos a estrés por...

Objective: Determine the neuroprotective effect of administration of Prunus dulcis seed "almond" on the nervous tissue in motor stress induced disorientation mice. Design: Analytical, transverse, experimental and prospective study. Location: Laboratories of the Research Center of Biochemistry and Nutrition Alberto Guzman Barron, Faculty of Medicine, UNMSM, Lima, Peru. Materials: Mice albinos BALB / c (Mus musculus) males and Prunus dulcis “almond”. Methods: 42 mice was used, experts say, 3 months and 31 ± 4,49 in weight, randomized into six groups (n=7). AII groups received the same balanced diet and water ad libitum for 5 days. They received the following treatments for five days, perorally: group I and II: saline (NaCI 0.9g per cent 10 mL/kg), group III: Vitamin E 400 mg/kg, group IV: almond 100 mg/kg, group V: almond 500 mg/kg and group VI: almond 1000 mg/kg; 12 hours before the end of treatment cut whiskers of mice, except the group 1; and after 12 hours they were sacrificed. Main outcome measures: Level of lipid peroxidation expressed in thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and level of non-protein sulfhydryl groups (GS-NP) substances in addition to histo-pathological changes of brain tissue and cerebellum. Results: Administration of Prunus dulcis “almond” significantly increased (p<0.05) levels of GS-NP in all groups (except G VI) compared to the G II in brain; TBARS levels decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the V and VI group compared with group II, and in relation to the histological changes seen a slight improvement in the G V compared to G II. Conclusions: The administration of the suspension of Prunus dulcis seed “almond” demonstrated the neuroprotective effect in biochemical (TBARs y GS-NP) on the nervous tissue in mice induced to stress motor disorientation.

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