RESUMEN
ZnS is an appealing material with wide potential applications in optoelectronics, sensors, and photocatalysis due to its fascinating properties, low cost, and eco-friendly. In this paper, we report the synthesis of ZnS nanowires and nanorods via a simple thermal-evaporation method using different concentrations of PbS as a dopant. The prepared nanostrutures were investigated in detalis using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that the fabricated ZnS nanowire/nanorod has a wurtzite (hcp) structure. In addition, based on the experimental results, the growth mechanism of the prepared nanostructures is reported. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping analyses confirmed that the ZnS nanorods were stoichiometric without impurities or defects, whereas PbS quantum dots were formed inside the high-quality nanowires. The formation mechanism of ZnS nanowires is discussed based on the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth model. Results demonstrated that thermal evaporation is a simple and effective techniques for producing high-quality heterostructured ZnS nanowires with potential applications in different fields.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Investigate inhaled nitric oxide's influence on mortality rates, mechanical ventilation and cardiopulmonary bypass duration, and length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital when administered during cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) up to 4th March 2023. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database with ID: CRD42023423007. Using Review Manager software, we reported outcomes as risk ratios (RRs) or mean difference (MD) and confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The meta-analysis included a total of 17 studies with 2897 patients. Overall, there were no significant differences in using nitric oxide over control concerning mortality (RR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.45; P = 0.88) or cardiopulmonary bypass duration (MD = -0.14, 95% CI - 0.96 to 0.69; P = 0.74). The intensive care unit days were significantly lower in the nitric oxide group than control (MD = -0.80, 95% CI - 1.31 to -0.29; P = 0.002). Difference results were obtained in terms of the length of stay in the hospital according to sensitivity analysis (without sensitivity [MD = -0.41, 95% CI - 0.79 to -0.02; P = 0.04] vs. with sensitivity [MD = -0.31, 95% CI - 0.69 to 0.07; P = 0.11]. Subgroup analysis shows that, in children, nitric oxide was favored over control in significantly reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation (MD = -4.58, 95% CI - 5.63 to -3.53; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Using inhaled nitric oxide during cardiopulmonary bypass reduces the length of stay in the intensive care unit, and for children, it reduces the duration of mechanical ventilation.