RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Although it has been shown that cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) plays a significant role in a number of malignancies, its clinicopathological value and function in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is unclear and warrants additional research. METHODS: The clinical significance of CDKN2A expression in SCLC was examined by multiple methods, including comprehensive integration of mRNA level by high throughput data, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for prognostic value, and validation of its protein expression using in-house immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression of CDKN2A mRNA in 357 cases of SCLC was evidently higher than that in the control group (n = 525) combing the data from 20 research centers worldwide. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was 3.07, and the area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic curve (sROC) was 0.97 for the overexpression of CDKN2A. ACC, COAD, KICH, KIRC, PCPG, PRAD, UCEC, UVM patients with higher CDKN2A expression had considerably worse overall survival rates than those with lower CDKN2A expression with the hazard ratio (HR) > 1. CONCLUSION: CDKN2A upregulation extensively enhances the carcinogenesis and progression of SCLC.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidad , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/patología , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/mortalidad , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Pronóstico , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Femenino , Masculino , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Curva ROC , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tasa de Supervivencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Relevancia ClínicaRESUMEN
CONTEXT: Cavernous hemangiomas of the adrenal gland are rare benign neoplastic tumors. The clinical presentation of adrenal hemangiomas is usually vague, and they are often discovered incidentally through imaging examination s performed for other reasons. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a non-functional adrenal hemangioma found incidentally in a 37-year-old man with a one-year history of headache and hypertension. A right adrenal mass was detected by means of magnetic resonance imaging. Physical examination and all laboratory values were unremarkable. The patient underwent laparoscopic right adrenal gland resection. Histopathological evaluation confirmed adrenal cavernous hemangioma. CONCLUSIONS: Most occurrences of cavernous hemangiomas of the adrenal gland are non-functional and often discovered incidentally. Although rare, these unusual benign adrenal masses should form part of the differential diagnosis of adrenal neoplasms. The proper treatment for adrenal cavernous hemangioma is surgical removal.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/diagnóstico , Hemangioma Cavernoso/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Raras/diagnóstico , Adulto , Humanos , Hallazgos Incidentales , Laparoscopía , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Tomógrafos Computarizados por Rayos XRESUMEN
CONTEXT: Cavernous hemangiomas of the adrenal gland are rare benign neoplastic tumors. The clinical presentation of adrenal hemangiomas is usually vague, and they are often discovered incidentally through imaging examination s performed for other reasons. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a non-functional adrenal hemangioma found incidentally in a 37-year-old man with a one-year history of headache and hypertension. A right adrenal mass was detected by means of magnetic resonance imaging. Physical examination and all laboratory values were unremarkable. The patient underwent laparoscopic right adrenal gland resection. Histopathological evaluation confirmed adrenal cavernous hemangioma. CONCLUSIONS: Most occurrences of cavernous hemangiomas of the adrenal gland are non-functional and often discovered incidentally. Although rare, these unusual benign adrenal masses should form part of the differential diagnosis of adrenal neoplasms. The proper treatment for adrenal cavernous hemangioma is surgical removal. .
CONTEXTO: Hemangiomas cavernosos da glândula adrenal são tumores neoplásicos raros, benignos. A apresentação clínica dos hemangiomas adrenais é geralmente vaga e muitas vezes eles são descobertos acidentalmente por exame imagiológico realizado por outras razões. RELATO DE CASO: Nós relatamos um caso de hemangioma adrenal não funcional encontrado por acaso em um homem de 37 anos de idade com histórico de um ano de dor de cabeça e hipertensão. Foi detectada massa adrenal direita por meio de ressonância magnética. Exame físico e todos os valores de laboratoriais estavam normais. O paciente foi submetido a cirurgia laparoscópica para ressecção da glândula adrenal direita. Avaliação histopatológica confirmou hemangioma adrenal cavernoso. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria dos hemangiomas cavernosos de glândula adrenal são não funcionais e muitas vezes descobertos por acaso. Embora raras, essas massas adrenais benignas devem ser parte de um diagnóstico diferencial de neoplasias suprarrenais. O tratamento adequado para o hemangioma adrenal cavernoso é a remoção cirúrgica. .