RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In occupational therapy and occupational science there is a drive to confront social and health injustices through occupation-based practices with social transformation as a goal. However, scholars acknowledge a lack of theory to support this developing area of practice. AIM: To explore how occupations have been used to enact social transformation for disadvantaged communities and to elucidate socially transformative outcomes. METHODS: A narrative literature review was carried out, focussing specifically on arts-based occupations, using seven databases. Thirty-eight items were included. RESULTS: Three overarching themes emerged: experiences related to giving voice; levels of change and arts-based occupations influence social change. CONCLUSIONS: Art forms as a means of expression can support people to make demands for change. This was true whether the art form was adopted at grass roots level, or via formalized projects run by researchers or Non-Government Organizations. Whilst personal change and small scale social change outcomes were achievable, larger scale structural change was not evident. Unintended outcomes in the form of risks to participants were reported. How and why change came about was not clearly articulated; leaving a need for further exploration of the mechanisms and contexts supporting change in the growing field of social transformation through occupation.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Ocupacional , Ocupaciones , Humanos , Motivación , Narración , Cambio SocialRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Working in homelessness is a growing area of practice for occupational therapists, however, there is limited literature on the lived experiences of homelessness and occupational engagement Study aim: To explore the lived experience of homeless men in relation to how they engaged in day-to-day occupations when sleeping rough or hostel dwelling Methods: Data were gathered from five men residing in a homeless hostel in the UK. Data collection included semi-structured interviews and photographic diaries. Data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Results: Participants described their experiences of occupational engagement whilst sleeping on the streets which included engaging in survival occupations, the significance of apparently ordinary occupations and moving beyond survival occupations. The homeless hostel provided opportunities for occupational engagement that the men perceived in an idiosyncratic manner. The men described benefits of engaging in novel occupations and reengaging in known occupations. Occupational injustices were a common theme that occurred throughout participants experiences Conclusion: This study has highlighted the diversity of occupational engagement for 'roofless' or 'houseless' participants and how different individuals experience occupational adaption Significance: This study has furthered understandings of the concept of 'survival occupations' and the importance of community resources to facilitate occupational engagement whilst homeless.
Asunto(s)
Personas con Mala Vivienda/psicología , Ocupaciones , Adulto , Humanos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Terapia Ocupacional , Fotograbar , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
The aim of the study was to examine the experience of restrictiveness among transition-aged youth with disabilities in foster care. Utilizing a sample of 207 youth, placement types were explored for differences in disability status, race and sex. Further, youth perceptions of restriction around communication, movement around one's home, and access to the community were examined for youth receiving special education services (SPED), youth receiving developmental disability services (DD), and youth without disabilities. Youth with disabilities were more likely to be placed in more restrictive placement types and had significantly higher levels of perceived restriction around communication, movement, and community when compared to youth without disabilities. Additionally, males with disabilities experienced higher levels of restrictiveness, particularly those who received DD services, while White youth with disabilities also experienced greater community restrictiveness.