RESUMEN
An increase in plantar pressure and skin temperature is commonly associated with an increased risk of diabetic foot ulcers. However, the effect of insoles in reducing plantar temperature has not been commonly studied. The aim was to assess the effect of walking in insoles with different features on plantar temperature. Twenty-six (F/M:18/8) participants-13 with diabetes and 13 healthy, aged 55.67 ± 9.58 years-participated in this study. Skin temperature at seven plantar regions was measured using a thermal camera and reported as the difference between the temperature after walking with an insole for 20 m versus the baseline temperature. The mixed analyses of variance indicated substantial main effects for the Insole Condition, for both the right [Wilks' Lambda = 0.790, F(14, 492) = 4.393, p < 0.01, partial eta squared = 0.111] and left feet [Wilks' Lambda = 0.890, F(14, 492) = 2.103, p < 0.011, partial eta squared = 0.056]. The 2.5 mm-tall dimple insole was shown to be significantly more effective at reducing the temperature in the hallux and third met head regions compared to the 4 mm-tall dimple insole. The insoles showed to be significantly more effective in the diabetes group versus the healthy group, with large effect size for the right [Wilks' Lambda = 0.662, F(14, 492) = 8.037, p < 0.000, Partial eta-squared = 0.186] and left feet [Wilks' Lambda = 0.739, F(14, 492) = 5.727, p < 0.000, Partial eta-squared = 0.140]. This can have important practical implications for designing insoles with a view to decrease foot complications in people with diabetes.
Asunto(s)
Pie Diabético , Ortesis del Pié , Pie , Presión , Temperatura Cutánea , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Femenino , Temperatura Cutánea/fisiología , Pie/fisiopatología , Pie/fisiología , Pie Diabético/fisiopatología , Zapatos , Caminata/fisiología , Anciano , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatología , Adulto , TemperaturaRESUMEN
In Colombia, just the same as in the whole World, globalization of the market led to a large increase in importating of diverse devices. In case of devices for aesthetic use, importing a large number of different device types without adequate control of products, increases the risk of appearance of adverse events for their users. On the other hand, there are very few studies of adverse events caused by their use, or risk assessment studies. This paper presents the role of academy in defining the conditions for safety of aesthetic devices and evaluation of medical devices "Class 1", for use in aesthetics. With support of the Colombian government, the Pan American Health Organization PAHO, and the regulating entity INVIMA, we proposed a model of control and regulation of use of devices for aesthetics in order to achieve ease of classification and ensure adequate use of devices for aesthetics, and to minimize the risk for users of the technology. As a result of this model, a tool was developed to facilitate to the regulatory entity the classification and evaluation of devices for aesthetic use "Class 1", which will be implemented by the Colombian government with the support of biomedical engineers having the required knowledge and skills.
Asunto(s)
Academias e Institutos , Equipos y Suministros , Estética , Gobierno , Industrias , Estudios Interdisciplinarios , Modelos Teóricos , Academias e Institutos/organización & administración , Colombia , Humanos , Industrias/organización & administración , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
The changes in diameter of retinal vessels are an important sign of diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis and diabetes. Obtaining precise measurements of vascular widths is a critical and demanding process in automated retinal image analysis. This paper presents the development of a prototype for measuring the vessel diameters to calculate the arteriovenous ratio (AVR) by using different techniques including Gabor wavelet, gradients, morphological operations and Niblack. The diameter measurement is based on the image skeleton and the perpendicular segment of the vessel. An executable tool is developed using MATLAB and the results are evaluated.