RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This article addresses the enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation (HRTWS), in particular access to toilets, in a public school in Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: Participant observation of the school's routine, focus groups with students in grades 8 and 9 of primary school (13 to 17 years old) and individual, semi-structured, interviews with members of school staff were applied, exploring access to water and sanitation by adolescent girls and boys. RESULTS: Students and school staff reported that the amount of toilets was insufficient and that their conditions were often inadequate because they were plugged or dirty. The impact on girls is greater as toilets do not offer a clean and healthy environment for menstrual hygiene management. Several elements of the normative content of the HRTWS, especially accessibility, acceptability, quality, safety and dignity, were largely not fulfilled. The study identified that, to comply with the HRTWS, it is necessary to go beyond infrastructure, as the lack of maintenance; cultural elements and student participation hinder the usage of sanitary facilities. Since schools can be privileged spaces to train critical and reflective citizens and to foster autonomy and emancipation, education oriented by human rights and citizenship is an opportunity for a more equitable society. By increasing access to social, economic and cultural rights in all phases and aspects of life, including when children and adolescents are in a school environment, people are able to enjoy better living conditions and a higher standard of health. CONCLUSIONS: The study raised the importance of considering each community's sociocultural aspects in analyzing access to sanitary facilities in schools, which are spaces where citizens' rights should be exercised and fulfilled.
Asunto(s)
Derechos Humanos , Saneamiento , Instituciones Académicas , Cuartos de Baño/estadística & datos numéricos , Abastecimiento de Agua , Adolescente , Brasil , Ciudades , Femenino , Grupos Focales , Humanos , Higiene , Masculino , MenstruaciónRESUMEN
O presente trabalho apresenta e discute os resultados de uma pesquisa com característica qualitativa, uma pesquisa-ação, que objetivou capacitar os colaboradores de uma instituição de saúde permitir a integração da educação continuada aos profissionais de saúde no ambiente de trabalho, promovendo a avaliação das condições dos RSS desde sua geração até a destinação final, contribuindo para a elaboração e implementação de um adequado Plano de Gerenciamento dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde. Como resultado obteve-se capacitação dos colaboradores gerando as seguintes ações: conhecimento de segregação de resíduos conforme o exigido pela Anvisa, manejo seguro dos RSS e inserção de Procedimento Operacional Padrão no setor de serviços gerais. A discussão da educação continuada é eminente, estrutura a formação teórica e prática dos colaboradores de saúde.