RESUMEN
The authors, in view of the continuously changing contagious diseases outline, deal with the problem of a better qualification and reorganization of the direct interventions in the contagious diseases prophylaxis. In this respect, the authors deem that the reporting of the cases must assume a primary importance and that all the locally operating health and social services, where the general medicine practitioners have an integrating part, ought to be redefined in their tasks and reorganized in view of the new outlines. So, it is necessary to found a more flexible reporting system. A bidirectional information flux model is also proposed between the public health-services and the general medicine practitioners.
Asunto(s)
Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/métodos , Modelos Teóricos , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/legislación & jurisprudencia , Enfermedades Transmisibles/epidemiología , Control de Formularios y Registros/legislación & jurisprudencia , Control de Formularios y Registros/organización & administración , Servicios de Salud/legislación & jurisprudencia , Administración de los Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Italia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Descriptive data on occupational accidents and diseases in the field of construction and particularly among builders are reported. They derive from publications of the National Insurance Institute for Occupational Accidents (INAIL) and refer to the Italian and Umbrian situation. Data show that the number and the severity of the accidents in this field are of great concern. The characteristics of the building work in our areas are too peculiar as the work is carried out in small building sites and lasts for a short period of time; subcontracting and piecework are widely diffused; health surveillance is nearly absent. One must take into account all of these characteristics when prevention programs are to be planned. Intervention priority must be given to a) information on occupational risks of contractors and workers; b) first level prevention; c) control and inspection activity. In this respect the A.A. report the results of the watch activity in 703 erecting yards by one to health unit's Department for the health security, safety and welfare of persons at work (period May 1985 - May 1988). The A.A. define a type of organization to achieve a continual intervention in the erecting yards.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Trabajo/prevención & control , Accidentes de Trabajo/mortalidad , Accidentes de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Italia/epidemiología , Riesgo , SeguridadRESUMEN
The present report is a research on air samples taken in the operating theatres environment in the hospitals of Umbria to control in order the concentration of anaesthetics in use and to define ambient pollution and to propose changes. The A.A. have divided operating theatres in for groups to analyze the data: 1) operating theatres where there were both systems: air change system and air intake system; 2) operating theatres where there was only the air-change system; 3) operating theatres where there was only the air intake system; 4) operating theatres where there were no systems. These data have been compared with the limit values advised by N.I.O.S.H. The lowest value of pollution have been recorded in those operating theatres with both systems. The A.A. have also compared the ethrane or other alogenated anaesthetics values in the air-change system equipped operating theatres with those (values) found in the intake-air system equipped operating theatres. The lowest values have been recorded in those operating theatres with normal air-change system. Where changes have been made to improve the operating theatres environment, the A.A. have effectuated new controls and found lower values of the anaesthetics levels. The concentration of anaesthetics appeared lower then before.