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Understanding the influence of soil-forming factors and processes in ornithogenic soils is important to predict impacts of climate change on Antarctic ecosystems. Herein, we analyzed the soil-landscape interplays and development of ornithogenic soils at Harmony Point (HP), Nelson Island. We collected, described, and classified 24 soil profiles, combined with vegetation and landforms descriptions. Geoprocessing techniques were employed for mapping. Soil physical, chemical, geochemical, and mineralogical analyses were applied. Patterned ground, "Ornithogenic"/Typic Gelorthent, and moss carpets were the dominant landform, soil and vegetation classes, respectively. Soils from rocky outcrops were more structured, acidic, with higher organic carbon, organometallic complexes, and secondary phosphate minerals, due to former bird influence. Soils from cryoplanated platforms presented higher water pH, base saturation, clay content, and secondary silicate minerals. Soils from marine terraces presented high exchangeable bases, phosphorous, and amorphous phosphate minerals. Soil chemical weathering is enhanced by ornithogenesis and widespread in HP. Besides ornithogenesis, organic matter accumulation, cryoturbation, and cryoclastic processes are also important to pedogenesis of ornithogenic soils. The soils of the cryoplanated platforms exhibited a gradient of pedogenetic development corresponding to increasing biota influence and distance from glacier. In contrast, soils of rocky outcrops were more developed even close to the glacier, due to ornithogenesis.

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Understanding the influence of fine-scale abiotic filters on plant communities can provide important insights into floristic patterns of the Brazilian Cerrado. We aimed to evaluate the interactions of the soil and the plant community composition with their distribution in different sandy environments of Brazilian Cerrado, the Jalapão region. Eight environments were sampled, each with ten plots of 20 × 50 m. All woody individuals presenting circumference at soil height ≥ 10 cm were sampled. Subplots of 5 × 15 m were demarcated, where woody individuals with a circumference at soil height ≥ 5 and < 10 cm were sampled. Subplots of 2 × 2 m were also demarcated to sample herbaceous individuals. Soil samples varying from 0 to 20 cm of depth were collected for each plot (20 × 50 m). Overall, 20000 individuals that belong to 338 species and 76 families were sampled. The dominant family was Fabaceae. There were significant differences among the environments regarding species richness and soil. The analyzed soils are extremely poor and with a tendency to sandy texture, small chemical and/or physical variations imply differences in the distribution of vegetation. Our study revealed abiotic filters exerted crucial fine-scale effects on plant community in the Jalapão region.

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The recent research effort aiming to provide a royalty-free video format resulted in AOMedia Video 1 (AV1), which was launched in 2018. AV1 was developed by the Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia), which groups several major technology companies such as Google, Netflix, Apple, Samsung, Intel, and many others. AV1 is currently one of the most prominent video formats and has introduced several complex coding tools and partitioning structures in comparison to its predecessors. A study of the computational effort required by the different AV1 coding steps and partition structures is essential for understanding its complexity distribution when implementing fast and efficient codecs compatible with this format. Thus, this paper presents two main contributions: first, a profiling analysis aiming at understanding the computational effort required by each individual coding step of AV1; and second, a computational cost and coding efficiency analysis related to the AV1 superblock partitioning process. Experimental results show that the two most complex coding steps of the libaom reference software implementation are the inter-frame prediction and transform, which represent 76.98% and 20.57% of the total encoding time, respectively. Also, the experiments show that disabling ternary and asymmetric quaternary partitions provide the best relationship between coding efficiency and computational cost, increasing the bitrate by only 0.25% and 0.22%, respectively. Disabling all rectangular partitions provides an average time reduction of about 35%. The analyses presented in this paper provide insightful recommendations for the development of fast and efficient AV1-compatible codecs with a methodology that can be easily replicated.

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Abstract Background: Mobile phones in hospital settings have been identified as an important source of cross-contamination because of the low frequency with which mobile phones are cleaned by health workers and cyclical contamination of the hands and face. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the mobile phones of the anesthesia team at a teaching hospital are potential reservoirs of nosocomial bacteria. In addition, differences in device sanitization and hand hygiene habits between attending and resident anesthesiologists were correlated with mobile phone colonization. Methods: A prevalence study was conducted over a 6-month period from 2017 to 2018 that involved the collection of samples from the mobile phones of the anesthesiology team and culturing for surveillance. A questionnaire was administered to assess the mobile phone sanitization and hand washing routines of the anesthesia team in specific situations. Results: Bacterial contamination was detected for 86 of the 128 mobile phones examined (67.2%). A greater presence of Micrococcus spp. on devices was correlated with a higher frequency of mobile phone use (p = 0.003) and a lower frequency of sanitization (p = 0.003). The presence of bacteria was increased on the mobile phones of professionals who did not perform handwashing after tracheal intubation (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Hand hygiene and device sanitization habits were more important than the use behavior, as a higher presence of bacteria correlated with poorer hygiene habits. Furthermore, handwashing is the best approach to prevent serious colonization of mobile devices and the possible transmission of pathogens to patients under the care of anesthesiologists.

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BACKGROUND: Mobile phones in hospital settings have been identified as an important source of cross-contamination because of the low frequency with which mobile phones are cleaned by health workers and cyclical contamination of the hands and face. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the mobile phones of the anesthesia team at a teaching hospital are potential reservoirs of nosocomial bacteria. In addition, differences in device sanitization and hand hygiene habits between attending and resident anesthesiologists were correlated with mobile phone colonization. METHODS: A prevalence study was conducted over a 6-month period from 2017 to 2018 that involved the collection of samples from the mobile phones of the anesthesiology team and culturing for surveillance. A questionnaire was administered to assess the mobile phone sanitization and hand washing routines of the anesthesia team in specific situations. RESULTS: Bacterial contamination was detected for 86 of the 128 mobile phones examined (67.2%). A greater presence of Micrococcus spp. on devices was correlated with a higher frequency of mobile phone use (p=0.003) and a lower frequency of sanitization (p=0.003). The presence of bacteria was increased on the mobile phones of professionals who did not perform handwashing after tracheal intubation (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: Hand hygiene and device sanitization habits were more important than the use behavior, as a higher presence of bacteria correlated with poorer hygiene habits. Furthermore, handwashing is the best approach to prevent serious colonization of mobile devices and the possible transmission of pathogens to patients under the care of anesthesiologists.

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INTRODUCTION: Adequate and continuous airway management by health professionals is fundamental to ensure patient safety and protection. Among several techniques, laryngoscopy for orotracheal intubation is considered a basic skill, so it is taught and learned in medical school and used during the future years of professional practice. However, in some clinical scenarios, physical and anatomical characteristics can make laryngoscopy exceedingly difficult. In the last decade, some new devices have emerged to apply indirect or video-assisted imaging systems, so-called videolaryngoscopes. They have shown great efficiency in difficult intubation cases and have improved teaching and training. Our study introduced a videolaryngoscope, the McGrath... MAC, in the regular laryngoscopy training rotation for 3rd-year undergraduate medical students and evaluated whether there was any associated optimization of the students... METHOD: Students from two different classes and years (2017 and 2018) were randomly divided into two groups and received theoretical and practical training in the techniques of Direct Laryngoscopy (DL) and Videolaryngoscopy (VL). The students in each group applied the manoeuvres and simulated three tracheal intubation attempts on mannequins. They were evaluated for their success rate on the first attempt, the time required to finalize the intubation, and the visualization of the glottic structures according to the classification of Cormack-Lehane (C&L). RESULTS: Two hundred and four students with an average age of 21.ß...ß2 years participated in the study; the groups were similar. There was a significant difference between the VL and DL groups in the 1st attempt success rate (97% and 89.4%, respectively, p.ß=.ß0.0497 ... 95% CI), but such a difference was not seen for the other attempts or regarding the number of oesophageal intubations (3% and 7.7%). The students in the VL group were faster than those in the DL group in all intubation attempts; in parallel, the vast majority of the VL group reported excellent visualization conditions, with 75% of the attempts classified as Cormack-Lehane grade 1. CONCLUSION: The introduction of a videolaryngoscope in medical students... training improved the visualization of anatomical structures and allowed tracheal intubation maneuvers to be performed faster and with a higher success rate on the first attempt. Thus, under the conditions of this prospective study, the videolaryngoscope had a positive impact on training and proved to be a promising tool for teaching laryngoscopy.

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Abstract Introduction: Adequate and continuous airway management by health professionals is fundamental to ensure patient safety and protection. Among several techniques, laryngoscopy for orotracheal intubation is considered a basic skill, so it is taught and learned in medical school and used during the future years of professional practice. However, in some clinical scenarios, physical and anatomical characteristics can make laryngoscopy exceedingly difficult. In the last decade, some new devices have emerged to apply indirect or video-assisted imaging systems, so-called videolaryngoscopes. They have shown great efficiency in difficult intubation cases and have improved teaching and training. Our study introduced a videolaryngoscope, the McGrathTM MAC, in the regular laryngoscopy training rotation for 3rd-year undergraduate medical students and evaluated whether there was any associated optimization of the students' performance. Method: Students from two different classes and years (2017 and 2018) were randomly divided into two groups and received theoretical and practical training in the techniques of Direct Laryngoscopy (DL) and Videolaryngoscopy (VL). The students in each group applied the manoeuvres and simulated three tracheal intubation attempts on mannequins. They were evaluated for their success rate on the first attempt, the time required to finalize the intubation, and the visualization of the glottic structures according to the classification of Cormack-Lehane (C&L). Results: Two hundred and four students with an average age of 21 ± 2 years participated in the study; the groups were similar. There was a significant difference between the VL and DL groups in the 1st attempt success rate (97% and 89.4%, respectively, p = 0.0497 - 95% CI), but such a difference was not seen for the other attempts or regarding the number of oesophageal intubations (3% and 7.7%). The students in the VL group were faster than those in the DL group in all intubation attempts; in parallel, the vast majority of the VL group reported excellent visualization conditions, with 75% of the attempts classified as Cormack-Lehane grade 1. Conclusion: The introduction of a videolaryngoscope in medical students' training improved the visualization of anatomical structures and allowed tracheal intubation maneuvers to be performed faster and with a higher success rate on the first attempt. Thus, under the conditions of this prospective study, the videolaryngoscope had a positive impact on training and proved to be a promising tool for teaching laryngoscopy.

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Plants from the Garcinia genus have been used worldwide due to their therapeutic properties. Among the various metabolites isolated from this genus, 7-epi-clusianone, a tetraprenylated benzophenone, stands out for its wide range of identified biological activities. This benzophenone can exist in five tautomeric forms, although the benzene-d6 and chloroform-d3 solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra revealed only two tautomeric forms (B and C) in equilibrium, with concentration ratio depending on the solvent in which the spectrum was obtained. Calculated energy values suggested that tautomeric forms B and E would be prevalent in benzene-d6 solution, in contrast to the experimental data. Considering this conflicting result, we employed the statistical DP4 + method based on 13C and 1H NMR chemical shift calculations, in the gas phase and in benzene-d6 solution, to confirm that the B and C tautomeric forms of 7-epi-clusianone are the most prevalent in the experimental conditions.

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INTRODUCTION: The assessment of cortical excitability (CE) measurements has been increasingly used in neuropsychiatric research. However, there is scant information on the normative values of these measurements, as well as the possible effect of hemisphere laterality, gender and age on these variables. OBJECTIVES: To obtain normative data for CE measurements by transcranial magnetic stimulation, to assess inter-/intra-investigator variability and the influence of sex, age and oral contraception use. METHODS: A sample of 216 healthy volunteers matched according to age and gender was evaluated. Bilateral rest motor thresholds, motor evoked potentials (MEP), intracortical inhibition and facilitation were measured in the first dorsal interosseous muscle area representation of the primary motor cortex with a circular transcranial magnetic stimulation coil delivering biphasic pulses. Normative data were obtained for 200 participants (in a 1:1 male:female ratio) in a balanced proportion between five age groups (18-30; 31-40; 41-50; 51-60; >60 years). Inter/intra-investigator variability was assessed in 20 healthy volunteers in two sessions performed within a 30-minute interval. Measurements were also performed in a subgroup of 16 healthy female volunteers, using oral contraception and during the menstrual phase. RESULTS: Age had a dichotomous effect on CE measurements, providing significantly different normative data for subjects <50 and >50 years old, with smaller MEP's and intracortical inhibition in older individuals. There were no differences between genders or between left and right hemispheres. Also, CE parameters did not significantly differ with use of contraceptive treatment compared to the menstrual phase of the cycle. The inter-/intra-investigator reliability assessment showed some variability that may not be clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Age had a non-linear effect on CE. There were non-significant differences between genders, hemispheres or with use of oral contraceptives. There was good inter-/intra-investigator correlation for rest motor thresholds and motor evoked potentials while intracortical inhibition and facilitation had low correlations but acceptable reliability.

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Vegetation and soil properties of an iron-rich canga (laterite) island on the largest outcrop of banded-iron formation in Serra de Carajás (eastern Amazonia, Brazil) were studied along a topographic gradient (738-762 m asl), and analyzed to test the hypothesis that soil chemical and physical attributes play a key role in the structure and floristic composition of these plant communities. Soil and vegetation were sampled in eight replicate plots within each of the four vegetation types. Surface (0-10 cm) soil samples from each plot were analyzed for basic cations, N, P and plant species density for all species was recorded. CCA ordination analysis showed a strong separation between forest and non-forest sites on the first axis, and between herbaceous and shrubby campo rupestre on the second axis. The four vegetation types shared few plant species, which was attributed to their distinctive soil environments and filtering of their constituent species by chemical, physical and hydrological constraints. Thus, we can infer that Edaphic (pedological) factors are crucial in explaining the types and distributions of campo rupestre vegetation associated with ferruginous ironstone uplands (Canga) in Carajás, eastern Amazonia, therefore the soil properties are the main drivers of vegetation composition and structure on these ironstone islands.

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OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the clinical and functional results from treatment of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails. METHODS: Eighteen patients who underwent osteosynthesis of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails were evaluated. In addition to the clinical and radiographic evaluations, patients with a minimum of one year of follow-up were assessed by means of the Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Mayo Clinic and Simple Shoulder Value (SSV) functional scores, and in relation to the degree of satisfaction with the final result. The fixation technique used was by means of an anterograde percutaneous route. RESULTS: All the patients achieved fracture consolidation, after a mean of 2.9 months (ranging from 2 to 4 months). The mean Constant score was 85.7 (ranging from 54 to 100) and the mean ASES score was 95.9 (ranging from 76 to 100). All the patients achieved the maximum score on the Mayo Clinic scale. CONCLUSION: Fixation of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails by means of a percutaneous technique was shown to be a method with promising preliminary results.

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar os resultados clínicos e funcionais do tratamento da fratura diafisária de úmero com uso das hastes de Ender. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 18 pacientes submetidos à osteossíntese da fratura diafisária de úmero com uso da haste de Ender. Além das avaliações clínicas e radiográficas, os pacientes com no mínimo um ano de seguimento foram avaliados pelos escores funcionais de Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (Ases), Mayo Clinic, Simple Shoulder Value (SSV) e quanto ao grau de satisfação com o resultado final. A técnica de fixação usada foi por via anterógrada e percutânea. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes obtiveram consolidação da fratura, com média de 2,9 meses (variação de dois a quatro). A média do Score de Constant foi de 85,7 (variação de 54-100) e a do ASES de 95,9 (variação de 76-100) e todos obtiveram pontuação máxima pelo escore Mayo Clinic. CONCLUSÃO: A fixação das fraturas diafisárias do úmero com o uso da haste de Ender pela técnica percutânea demonstrou ser um método com resultados preliminares promissores.

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Demonstrar os resultados clínicos e funcionais do tratamento da fratura diafisária de úmero com uso das hastes de Ender. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 18 pacientes submetidos à osteossíntese da fratura diafisária de úmero com uso da haste de Ender. Além das avaliações clínicas e radiográficas, os pacientes com no mínimo um ano de seguimento foram avaliados pelos escores funcionais de Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (Ases), Mayo Clinic, Simple Shoulder Value (SSV) e quanto ao grau de satisfação com o resultado final. A técnica de fixação usada foi por via anterógrada e percutânea. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes obtiveram consolidação da fratura, com média de 2,9 meses (variação de dois a quatro). A média do Score de Constant foi de 85,7 (variação de 54-100) e a do ASES de 95,9 (variação de 76-100) e todos obtiveram pontuação máxima pelo escore Mayo Clinic. CONCLUSÃO: A fixação das fraturas diafisárias do úmero com o uso da haste de Ender pela técnica percutânea demonstrou ser um método com resultados preliminares promissores.

To demonstrate the clinical and functional results from treatment of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails. METHODS: Eighteen patients who underwent osteosynthesis of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails were evaluated. In addition to the clinical and radiographic evaluations, patients with a minimum of one year of follow-up were assessed by means of the Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Mayo Clinic and Simple Shoulder Value (SSV) functional scores, and in relation to the degree of satisfaction with the final result. The fixation technique used was by means of an anterograde percutaneous route. RESULTS: All the patients achieved fracture consolidation, after a mean of 2.9 months (ranging from 2 to 4 months). The mean Constant score was 85.7 (ranging from 54 to 100) and the mean ASES score was 95.9 (ranging from 76 to 100). All the patients achieved the maximum score on the Mayo Clinic scale. CONCLUSION: Fixation of humeral diaphysis fractures using Ender nails by means of a percutaneous technique was shown to be a method with promising preliminary results.

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Undergraduate courses in Public Health are now a reality in Brazil. The main goal of this article is to present the viewpoints of the coordinators of these courses on the process of their creation and implementation, emphasizing their contextual and procedural elements. Ten actors working in eight different institutions were interviewed and the interviews were submitted to content analysis as proposed by Bardin. The results showed that the creation of such courses resulted from a long process of discussion on the field of Public Health, and was hastened by some important decisions in Brazilian education, including the Program to Support Restructuring and Expansion Plans of Federal Universities. The testimonies of the coordinators enabled the researchers to understand the context prior to the proposal and the way it was developed by each university, making it possible to establish not only the aspects common to each institution, but also their specificities. Currently, these courses have the purpose of training professionals focused on the different areas of health services, especially those related to the Unified Health System (SUS), representing an irreversible advance in the field of Public Health.

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Undergraduate Courses in Public Health (UCPH) feature a new way of teaching in the Public Health field that aims to educate professionals focused on the main health needs of the Brazilian population and on the Unified Health System. Thus, it is relevant to know the students' socio-demographic profile including their interests in relation to education and professional development. Adopting a quantitative approach with these objectives, a survey was conducted with 304 UCPH students who filled out a semi-structured questionnaire in 2010 in the following federal universities: Acre, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Norte. The overwhelming majority was female, around 26 years of age, single, living with their parents, mostly attended public school, came from lower classes with lower educational background, approved night classes, worked, and contributed to their family incomes. They aspired to work in public sector - preferably in the state capitals - and they saw UCPH as an opportunity to work in the public health field. This profile reveals challenges and advances in the intended education, reinforcing the need to monitor the UCPH development process.

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The scope of this research is to discuss the relevance and need for pedagogical training of university lecturers in the Public Health field. The contention is that college teaching is a practice that requires specific training, since it is characterized by complex elements that transcend the mastery of given content. Considering stricto sensu graduate studies as an important stage in the training of future university lecturers, an attempt was made to identify and analyze the subjects and practices of pedagogical training in academic masters and doctorate programs in Public Health. To achieve the research aim, this work was based on Pierre Bourdieu's field theory and on Tomaz Tadeu da Silva's curriculum theory. Results indicate that the programs do not consider the aspect of teacher training as a major issue. With regard to the Public Health field approximately 61% of masters and 38% of doctorate programs have pedagogical training subjects/practices. Furthermore, there is a tendency for technical-instrumental training, which is in line with the history of the Public Health field. The conclusion is that there is a need to develop a culture that values college and graduate Public Health teaching, considering the complexity of pedagogical practice in all its dimensions.

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INTRODUÇÃO: Os Cursos de Graduação em Saúde Coletiva são hoje uma realidade. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a visão dos coordenadores desses cursos sobre o processo de criação e de implementação dos mesmos, com destaque para seus elementos contextuais e processuais. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram entrevistados dez atores integrantes de oito instituições de ensino superior, e estas entrevistas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram que a criação dos cursos advém de longo processo de discussão no campo da Saúde Coletiva e foi impulsionada por alguns marcos na educação brasileira, entre eles o Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais. Os depoimentos dos coordenadores permitiram resgatar os antecedentes da proposta e seu percurso nas diferentes instituições de ensino, além de estabelecer os pontos comuns e os específicos de cada processo. Atualmente, esses cursos, implantados e em andamento, se propõem a formar profissionais voltados para os diferentes níveis do sistema de saúde, em especial para aqueles integrantes do Sistema Único de Saúde, constituindo-se como um processo irreversível no campo da Saúde Coletiva.

INTRODUCTION: Undergraduate courses in Public Health are now a reality in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this article is to present the viewpoints of the coordinators of these courses on the process of their creation and implementation, emphasizing their contextual and procedural elements. METHODS: Ten actors working in eight different institutions were interviewed and the interviews were submitted to content analysis as proposed by Bardin. RESULTS: The results showed that the creation of such courses resulted from a long process of discussion on the field of Public Health, and was hastened by some important decisions in Brazilian education, including the Program to Support Restructuring and Expansion Plans of Federal Universities. The testimonies of the coordinators enabled the researchers to understand the context prior to the proposal and the way it was developed by each university, making it possible to establish not only the aspects common to each institution, but also their specificities. Currently, these courses have the purpose of training professionals focused on the different areas of health services, especially those related to the Unified Health System (SUS), representing an irreversible advance in the field of Public Health.

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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo discutir a relevância e a necessidade da formação pedagógica do professor universitário no campo da Saúde Coletiva. Discutiu-se a docência como uma prática que exige formação específica, pois é caracterizada por elementos complexos que vão além do domínio de determinado conteúdo. Ao assumir a pós-graduação stricto sensu como uma importante etapa para a formação do professor universitário, buscou-se identificar e caracterizar as disciplinas/práticas de formação pedagógica dos mestrados e doutorados acadêmicos em Saúde Coletiva. Para alcançar o objetivo do estudo tomou-se como base a teoria dos campos de Pierre Bourdieu e a teoria do currículo de Tomaz Tadeu da Silva. Os resultados apontam que a pós-graduação não toma a questão da formação pedagógica como objeto de interesse; e no que tange à Saúde Coletiva, aproximadamente 61% dos mestrados e 38% dos doutorados apresentam disciplinas/práticas de formação pedagógica, sendo que há uma tendência de formação técnica-instrumental, o que vai de encontro à história do campo da Saúde Coletiva. Conclui-se que há necessidade de se desenvolver uma cultura de valorização do ensino na universidade e na pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva assumindo a complexidade da prática pedagógica em todas as suas dimensões.

The scope of this research is to discuss the relevance and need for pedagogical training of university lecturers in the Public Health field. The contention is that college teaching is a practice that requires specific training, since it is characterized by complex elements that transcend the mastery of given content. Considering stricto sensu graduate studies as an important stage in the training of future university lecturers, an attempt was made to identify and analyze the subjects and practices of pedagogical training in academic masters and doctorate programs in Public Health. To achieve the research aim, this work was based on Pierre Bourdieu's field theory and on Tomaz Tadeu da Silva's curriculum theory. Results indicate that the programs do not consider the aspect of teacher training as a major issue. With regard to the Public Health field approximately 61% of masters and 38% of doctorate programs have pedagogical training subjects/practices. Furthermore, there is a tendency for technical-instrumental training, which is in line with the history of the Public Health field. The conclusion is that there is a need to develop a culture that values college and graduate Public Health teaching, considering the complexity of pedagogical practice in all its dimensions.

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Introdução: Os Cursos de Graduação em Saúde Coletiva (CGSC) consistem em uma nova modalidade formativa no campo da Saúde Coletiva que visa formar profissionais focados nas principais necessidades em saúde da população brasileira e no Sistema Único de Saúde. Objetivos: Assim, torna-se relevante traçar o perfil sociodemográfico de seus alunos e conhecer seus interesses quanto à formação e atuação profissional. Materiais e métodos: Com esses objetivos, em 2010, adotando uma abordagem quantitativa ao tema, realizamos um inquérito, através da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado aos alunos dos CGSC de universidades federais dos estados do Acre, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro e Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados: Entre os 304 respondentes, encontramos uma população majoritariamente feminina, com 26 anos de idade, composta por indivíduos solteiros que moram com os pais, cursaram principalmente o ensino público, pertencem a famílias com baixa renda e escolaridade, aprovam o estudo noturno, trabalham e contribuem com a renda familiar, desejam trabalhar no setor público, preferencialmente em capitais e identificam no CGSC uma oportunidade para trabalhar na área da saúde. Conclusão: Esse perfil aponta para desafios e avanços presentes na formação pretendida, reforçando a necessidade de monitoramento do processo de implementação dos CGSC.

Introduction: Undergraduate Courses in Public Health (UCPH) feature a new way of teaching in the Public Health field that aims to educate professionals focused on the main health needs of the Brazilian population and on the Unified Health System. Objectives: Thus, it is relevant to know the students' socio-demographic profile including their interests in relation to education and professional development. Materials and methods: Adopting a quantitative approach with these objectives, a survey was conducted with 304 UCPH students who filled out a semi-structured questionnaire in 2010 in the following federal universities: Acre, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Norte. Results: The overwhelming majority was female, around 26 years of age, single, living with their parents, mostly attended public school, came from lower classes with lower educational background, approved night classes, worked, and contributed to their family incomes. They aspired to work in public sector - preferably in the state capitals - and they saw UCPH as an opportunity to work in the public health field. Conclusion: This profile reveals challenges and advances in the intended education, reinforcing the need to monitor the UCPH development process.

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A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como a biopolítica perpassa os discursos midiáticos de um jornal de circulação na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul sobre Gripe A (H1N1), buscando tornar visível como as práticas institucionais e discursivas atravessam e constituem os sujeitos. Neste estudo apresentamos a parte da pesquisa que se refere aos desdobramentos da biopolítica referentes à indústria farmacêutica e medicalização. Sob uma perspectiva cartográfica, foram analisadas um total de 291 reportagens veiculadas durante o mês de julho de 2009. Como resultado da pesquisa, pode-se observar a influência que as mídias de massa e as elites simbólicas exercem sobre os sujeitos devido às construções de material simbólico, que acabam por surtir efeito não só nos corpos dos sujeitos, mas nas dinâmicas das populações.

This study aimed to analyze how biopolitics encompasses the media discourse in a newspaper circulating in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul on Influenza A (H1N1), seeking to make visible the practices and discursive institutions and are cross the subjects. This study presents the part of the research refers to the ramifications of biopolitics regarding pharmaceuticals and medicalization. From a cartographic perspective , we analyzed a total of 291 articles published during the month of July 2009. As a result of research, can observe the influence of mass media and the symbolic elites have on the subject due to the constructions of symbolic material, which ultimately have an effect not only on the bodies of the subjects, but the dynamics of populations.

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A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como a biopolítica perpassa os discursos midiáticos de um jornal de circulação na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul sobre Gripe A (H1N1), buscando tornar visível como as práticas institucionais e discursivas atravessam e constituem os sujeitos. Neste estudo apresentamos a parte da pesquisa que se refere aos desdobramentos da biopolítica referentes à indústria farmacêutica e medicalização. Sob uma perspectiva cartográfica, foram analisadas um total de 291 reportagens veiculadas durante o mês de julho de 2009. Como resultado da pesquisa, pode-se observar a influência que as mídias de massa e as elites simbólicas exercem sobre os sujeitos devido às construções de material simbólico, que acabam por surtir efeito não só nos corpos dos sujeitos, mas nas dinâmicas das populações.(AU)

This study aimed to analyze how biopolitics encompasses the media discourse in a newspaper circulating in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul on Influenza A (H1N1), seeking to make visible the practices and discursive institutions and are cross the subjects. This study presents the part of the research refers to the ramifications of biopolitics regarding pharmaceuticals and medicalization. From a cartographic perspective , we analyzed a total of 291 articles published during the month of July 2009. As a result of research, can observe the influence of mass media and the symbolic elites have on the subject due to the constructions of symbolic material, which ultimately have an effect not only on the bodies of the subjects, but the dynamics of populations.(AU)

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