RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study examined (1) the effects of type of malformation, sex of ratee, and sex of rater on facial attractiveness and facial impairment ratings, and (2) the reliability of judgments on facial attractiveness and facial impairment and the association between these two constructs. SETTING: A university hospital for children. PARTICIPANTS: Raters were eight volunteers from the student population in a university, four men and four women. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Raters judged frontal and lateral view slides of children with various types of craniofacial malformations both on a 5-point facial attractiveness scale and on a 5-point facial impairment scale. RESULTS: Main effects were found for type of malformation, sex of ratee, and sex of rater. No interaction effects were found among type of malformation, sex of ratee, and sex of rater. Interrater reliability was moderate to high, both for attractiveness ratings and for impairment ratings. The correlation between facial attractiveness and facial impairment was also moderate to high. CONCLUSIONS; Both condition parameters (type of malformation) as well as social parameters (sex of rater and sex of ratee) seem to influence judgments on attractiveness and impairment. Facial attractiveness and facial impairment can be rated reliably in children with (cerebro)craniofacial dysplasias. Raters consider these concepts to be very similar but not identical.
Asunto(s)
Anomalías Craneofaciales/psicología , Estética , Cara/anatomía & histología , Deseabilidad Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Análisis de Varianza , Encéfalo/anomalías , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Factores Sexuales , Percepción SocialRESUMEN
Data are collected with the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) as well as with the Teacher Report Form (TRF) of 40 VCFS children between 4 and 18 years of age. Half of the group shows very high problem scores in the "clinical" range. The average T-score of the VCFS children as a group are over 60 (one standard deviation above the mean) for the "total problem score" and the "internalising score". The highest scores with the subscales are found with "withdrawn" and "social problems". But also "thought problems" and "attention problems" score over 60. The VCFS children show more behavior problems and personality problems than the matched control children with a craniofacial anomaly. The differences are highly statistically significant.