RESUMEN
The aim of the present investigation was to extend previous work on anxiety sensitivity (AS) and early smoking relapse among a sample of 130 (74 females) young adult (M (age) = 22.5 years, SD = 2.1) daily low-level smokers (9.3 cigarettes/day, SD = 11.5) from Mexico City, Mexico. Results indicated that of the global-level and lower-order factors (i.e., physical, mental incapacitation, and social concerns) on the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, only the physical concerns factor was significantly related to early lifetime smoking relapse. This effect was observed above and beyond the effects of negative affectivity, cigarettes smoked per day, and alcohol consumption, as well as beyond the other AS mental and social concerns factors. Findings provide novel evidence that AS is an important explanatory construct in early smoking relapse.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/estadística & datos numéricos , Fumar/epidemiología , Adulto , Análisis de Varianza , Ansiedad/psicología , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Psicometría , Análisis de Regresión , Prevención Secundaria , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Fumar/psicología , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
In this study, the authors examined the stability of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory--2 (J. N. Butcher, W. G. Dahlstrom, J. R. Graham, A. Tellegen, & B. Kaemmer, 1989) code types in a sample of 94 injured workers with a mean test-retest interval of 21.3 months (SD = 14.1). Congruence rates for undefined code types were 34% for high-point codes, 22% for 2-point codes, and 22% for 3-point codes. The data provide tentative evidence suggesting that defined code types are more stable than undefined code types. Cohen's kappa, a statistic that controls for chance agreement, was calculated for each clinical scale for both 2-point and 3-point code types. Only 2 of the 20 kappa coefficients were not significant at the p = .05 level.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Trabajo/psicología , Empleo , MMPI , Trastornos de la Personalidad/diagnóstico , Trastornos de la Personalidad/psicología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Shepherd I. Franz was an important figure in psychology of the last century, and historians of psychology have given recognition to much of his work. However, his experimental work with animals and his pioneer investigations in experimental and clinical neuropsychology have been largely ignored. This article reviews his conceptual, assessment, and treatment contributions, including (1) his pioneering work on the use of learned behavior as a baseline for the study of cerebral ablations, (2) his interest in brain plasticity, (3) his development of comprehensive psychological assessment methods, and (4) his work on the rehabilitation of neurological patients with techniques derived from his animal experiments. His work predated much of what is now part of the conceptual substance of the experimental and clinical neurosciences.