RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to asses ocular findings' prevalence in children with primary congenital heart disease (CHD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective cross-sectional study of children with CHD treated at a specialized center in the South of Brazil between 2013 and 2015. They underwent a complete ocular examination, including measurement of visual acuity, refraction test, external motility, anterior and posterior biomicroscopy, and binocular indirect fundoscopy with retinal photographs. Two experienced examiners independently assessed fundus findings: one at the time of examination and image capture, while the other assessed only the captured images. RESULTS: Of a total of 146 children examined, 124 were included in this analysis (16% loss). Seventy children were male (55.5%). The average age was 9.3 years (minimum 1 month and maximum 15 years). Caucasians race were 81.2%, African Descendants race were 11.1%, and others were 7.7%. About 57.1% had already had heart surgery. About 14.8% had visual acuity below 0.6 and 2.8% below 0.1. Strabismus was found in 7.4% and cataracts in 1.7%. Retinal alterations were recognized in 13.5%, of which 4.8% were related to vascular narrowing or dilation and/or abnormal arteriovenous crossing; 7.14% were related to increased vascular tortuosity, while 1.6% were related to active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis lesions. Concomitant abnormalities in ocular motility, biomicroscopy, or ophthalmoscopy were detected in 24% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Children under the age of 15 years old with primary CHD have a high prevalence of ocular alterations, with external ocular and retinal manifestations, with higher occurrence rate among cyanotic cases. This leads us to strongly recommend the performance of a complete ophthalmological examination in such cases.
Asunto(s)
Catarata/etiología , Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Motilidad Ocular/etiología , Enfermedades de la Retina/etiología , Estrabismo/etiología , Adolescente , Catarata/diagnóstico , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Fondo de Ojo , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Trastornos de la Motilidad Ocular/diagnóstico , Oftalmoscopía , Estudios Prospectivos , Refracción Ocular/fisiología , Enfermedades de la Retina/diagnóstico , Estrabismo/diagnóstico , Agudeza Visual/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Ophthalmic findings in mycosis fungoides (MF) can be highly variable. It seems that the prevalence of ophthalmic findings could be much more common than previously assumed. OBJECTIVE: To present case series examined in the last 12 months, together with a literature review. METHODS: Symptomatic patients with biopsy-proven mycosis fungoides were examined ophthalmologically in a 12-month period. The medical records of affected patients were reviewed. RESULTS: Eight patients were examined. Of these, 75% were male, all were Caucasian, and average age was 58.2 years. Blepharitis (50.0%), thickened eyelids (37.5%), and flaking (25.0%) were the most prevalent findings. CONCLUSION: Incidence of MF affecting the eyes and surrounding structures may be greater than estimated. Early case management offers means to reduce difficulties experienced with later diagnosis. Regular monitoring by an ophthalmologist is justified, including that of asymptomatic cases.
RESUMEN
Retinosquise traduz a separação anômala das camadas retinianas, podendo ser congênita, adquirida ou secundária a situações como a miopia, trauma e vasculopatias. Reúne-se as principais características clínicas, recentes opções diagnósticas e as formas de manejo dos quadros ligados ao cromossoma X e aos adquiridos.
Retinoschisis means abnormal separation of the retinal layers, which could be congenital, acquired or secondary to myopia, trauma or other vascular disorders. We review the clinical features of the x-linked and acquired diseases, and its recent diagnostic tools and the differents options for repair.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: Analisar as características das drusas nas fases iniciais, da Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade (DMRI), através da angiografia fluoresceínica. Local: Universidade Federal de Pelotas - RS e Curso de Especialização em Oftalmologia Prof. Ivo Corrêa-Meyer. Métodos: Para tanto, 90 exames de pacientes com este diagnóstico foram coletados, sempre, com o mesmo padrão técnico. O estudo é transversal, compreendendo o período entre 1985 e 1998. As imagens incluíram o momento antes do clarão coroídeo e obedeceram a seqüência de uma foto a cada 1-2s, no máximo, até a fase venosa tardia. Os angiogramas foram todos digitalizados para facilitar as análises que incluíram a observação do número, tipos, distribuição e fluorescência das drusas. Resultados: As drusas foram numericamente mais prevalentes, seguidas pelos quadros mistos, sendo a distribuição dispersa a morfologia mais encontrada, sem relação ao sexo ou idade. Número superior a 20 drusas ocorreu em 57,8 por cento. Fluorescência igual, maior ou menor que a coróide adjacente foi observada na mesma proporção de casos. Conclusão: Nas fases iniciais da DMRI predominam as drusas duras sobre as moles, geralmente em número superior a 20, distribuídas de forma dispersa, podendo ter fluorescência igual, menor ou maior que a coróide circunjacente.