Asunto(s)
Humanos , Arterias Mamarias , Esternón , Fracturas Óseas , Traumatismos Torácicos , Radiografía Torácica , Toracoscopía , Reanimación Cardiopulmonar , Anestesiología , EspañaAsunto(s)
Fracturas Óseas , Arterias Mamarias , Traumatismos Torácicos , Heridas no Penetrantes , Bovinos , Animales , Traumatismos Torácicos/complicaciones , Traumatismos Torácicos/diagnóstico por imagen , Heridas no Penetrantes/complicaciones , Heridas no Penetrantes/diagnóstico por imagen , Arterias Mamarias/diagnóstico por imagen , Arterias Mamarias/lesiones , Esternón/diagnóstico por imagen , Esternón/lesionesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To create a nomogram that will guide lactating women who drink socially on how to avoid neonatal exposure to ethanol through breast milk. DESIGN: Pharmacokinetic modeling of ethanol elimination from milk based on reference values. Calculation of the time to zero alcohol in breast milk for a range of doses and body weights. RESULTS: The elimination of alcohol and time-to-zero levels in breast milk are described in a nomogram as a function of the amount of alcohol consumed and the body weight of the woman. CONCLUSIONS: Careful planning of a breast feeding schedule, by storing milk before drinking and/or waiting for complete alcohol elimination from the breast milk, can ensure women that their babies are not exposed to any alcohol.
Asunto(s)
Lactancia Materna , Etanol/farmacocinética , Leche Humana/metabolismo , Peso Corporal , Etanol/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Cinética , Matemática , Leche Humana/química , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To examine the gap between the current social/medical practice and the evidence-based recommendation in favor of breastfeeding during maternal propylthiouracil (PTU) therapy. DESIGN: Prospective, observational, cohort study. SUBJECTS: Women requiring PTU during pregnancy, and endocrinologists and family physicians in Ontario, Canada. INTERVENTIONS: Questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women were interviewed postpartum regarding their choice of infant feeding method and relevant advice received from physicians. Physicians were questioned about their advice to nursing women receiving PTU. RESULTS: Of 78 women, 66 had live births. Thirty-six required PTU postpartum (group 1), and 30 did not (group 2). Thirty-six healthy women served as controls (group 3). Breastfeeding initiation rates for groups 1, 2, and 3 were 44%, 83%, and 83%, respectively. In group 1, 15 women who breastfed received advice from 22 physicians regarding breastfeeding (20 in favor, 1 against, and 1 equivocal). Eleven who formula fed received advice from 17 physicians (4 in favor, 12 against, and 1 equivocal). A logistic regression analysis of group 1 showed that physicians' advice was the only significant predictor of the woman's choice to breastfeed during PTU therapy (relative risk: 5.48; 95% confidence interval: 1.28-23.40). The physician survey showed that 44% of endocrinologists do not recommend breastfeeding during PTU therapy. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of the lactating patients on PTU still receive advice against breastfeeding from their physicians. Physicians' advice and attitudes toward breastfeeding during PTU therapy are a major factor in women's final decision to breastfeed. Physicians' compliance with evidence-based data will facilitate breastfeeding in this group.propylthiouracil, breastfeeding, decision-making.
Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Lactancia Materna/estadística & datos numéricos , Propiltiouracilo/uso terapéutico , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Lactancia Materna/psicología , Estudios de Cohortes , Consejo , Recolección de Datos , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Modelos Logísticos , Ontario , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
The Author reviews the cases diagnosed in the Republic of Panama of Mycetoma, Paracoccidioidosis, Lobo's disease, Chromomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Rhinosporidiosis, Sporotrichosis, Lepra, Rhinoscleroma, and cutaneous and mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis, and mentions the observed clinical manifestations in order to familiarize young physicians with the tropical dermatopathology which occurs in the rural areas of the country.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Piel/epidemiología , Medicina Tropical , Adulto , Niño , Dermatomicosis/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Leishmaniasis Mucocutánea/epidemiología , Lepra/epidemiología , Masculino , Panamá/epidemiología , Rinoscleroma/epidemiología , Población Rural , Enfermedades Cutáneas Bacterianas/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The Author reviews the cases diagnosed in the Republic of Panama of Mycetoma, Paracoccidioidosis, Lobo's disease, Chromomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Rhinosporidiosis, Sporotrichosis, Lepra, Rhinoscleroma, and cutaneous and mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis, and mentions the observed clinical manifestations in order to familiarize young physicians with the tropical dermatopathology which occurs in the rural areas of the country