RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Although there is a relationship between earlier onset of puberty and increased adiposity tissue. Publications in the literature on adiposis in patients with central precocious puberty (CPP) and visceral fat thickness (VFT) have conflicting results. So, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between sexual maturation and obesity in the development of early puberty and to examine their relationship with pelvic sonographic parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 126 girls [patients - premature thelarche (PT) and CPP - and controls] were included in this study. Anthropometric and ultrasonographic evaluations were made by the same pediatric endocrinologist and pediatric radiologist, respectively. Pubertal stages were made according to the Tanner stages. Height, weight, and body mass index were measured as anthropometric measurements, and visceral, subcutaneous, and transabdominal fat thicknesses were measured in sonographic evaluation. RESULTS: The study population was divided into three groups: 44 healthy subjects to Group 1, 23 patients with PT to Group 2, and 59 patients with CPP to Group 3. When we evaluated the anthropometric and ultrasonographic parameters according to pubertal status, significant differences, especially between Group 1 and Group 3, were observed in all data. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the endometrial thickness (OR = 7.521, p < 0.001) and VFT (OR = 1.530, p < 0.001) were found to be independent predictors of precocious puberty. CONCLUSIONS: It has been found that VFT and endometrial thickness measurements, which are evaluated quickly and accurately by USG, are important predictors of prepubertal precociousness.
Asunto(s)
Pubertad Precoz , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Pubertad Precoz/diagnóstico por imagen , Grasa Intraabdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Pubertad , Antropometría , ObesidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass surgery is the most commonly performed cardiac operation and approximately 40-70% of patients require a blood transfusion despite improvements in cardiac surgical techniques. Some preventive perfusion methods to avoid transfusions are described, such as acute normovolemic hemodilution, retrograde autologous priming, and usage of integrated arterial filter oxygenator. AIMS: We combined these three techniques (triple combination technique) to evaluate whether it is possible to avoid blood transfusions in adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 300 consecutive patients were included in this randomized controlled trial. 150 patients (Group 1) were operated with triple combination technique, The other 150 patients (Group 2) were operated with standard cardiopulmonary bypass technique. The two groups were compared in terms of peroperative and postoperative blood product use. RESULTS: Ninety-two percent (92%) of the patients (Group 1) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery did not require any blood transfusion. Only 8% of the patients required erythrocyte suspension or fresh frozen plasma transfusion. In Group 2, 58% of patients required blood transfusions. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION: Triple combination technique is safe and cost-effective in coronary artery bypass surgery. We think that most of the patients could be operated without blood transfusion with this technique.
Asunto(s)
Transfusión de Componentes Sanguíneos , Transfusión de Sangre Autóloga , Adulto , Transfusión Sanguínea , Puente de Arteria Coronaria , Humanos , PlasmaRESUMEN
A description of a simple and efficient way of systematic field sampling along with a low-cost set-up for simultaneous viewing of physical disector pairs at the light microscopic level is presented. So far the use of a programmable motorized stage for the former purpose and two projection microscopes for the latter have proved to be the most efficient and fastest solutions, but the relatively high expense of purchasing such equipment constitutes a major impediment to the widespread use of such stereological methods. We describe practical applications of two new cost-effective alternative approaches derived from existing ones. These approaches are used in estimating the total number of neurones in the cochlear nucleus of the rat and involve the systematic selection of section fields at a magnification significantly lower than the magnification used for counting and a video recording set-up for comparing section pairs. Apart from providing a cheap way for the implementation of the physical disector, the main feature of the application, which may also encourage its use, is that it provides an efficient and simple design for systematic area sampling without requiring any specialized equipment. The same is true for optical disector designs, where the procedure is simplified even further.