RESUMEN
Research was done on the presence of enzymes in juice obtained from fresh plant material from Chamomilla recutita L. (Rauschel)-anthodium, Lamium album L.-flos, Calendula officinalis L.-flos, Plantaginis lanceolata L.-folium and Euphrasiae rostkoviana Hayne-herba, and in the prepared water infusion of these materials; the objective was to determine the activity of enzymes which beside biologically active substances may have an influence of the final therapeutic effect of the applied plant preparations. The research was conducted by means of the API ZYM system (bioMerieux). Higher enzymatic activities were found in fresh juices of the examined plant material than in prepared water infusions from dried plants. In both cases naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase should have highest activity. The second one in terms of activity out of 17 studied enzymes was acidic phosphatase. The highest enzymatic activity of fresh juice was found in Lamii albi flos and Calendulae officinalis flos. Water infusions showed the highest enzymatic activity in Lamii albi flos, Chamomille recutita anthodium and Plantaginis lanceolata folium. Drying the plant material resulted in decreased enzymatic activities but not in the case of naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase and acidic phosphatase which showed very low activities. The complex composition of plant materials in terms of content of biologically active substances may imply that the therapeutic effect might be directly related to the quantity and activity of plant enzymes present in preparations applied in therapeutics.
Asunto(s)
Bebidas , Enzimas/análisis , Fitoterapia , Plantas Medicinales/enzimología , Fosfatasa Ácida/análisis , Humanos , AguaRESUMEN
The aim of our study was to assess the frequency rate of Candida yeast-like fungi in isolations from nasal and pharyngeal mucosa in patients diagnosed with IM who had undergone an antibiotic therapy. The study was performed in 51 patients aged 17-33. The diagnosis of IM was made on the basis of clinical symptoms, haematological, biochemical and serologic examination results. The material constituted of nasal and pharyngeal swabs. The identification of Candida species was done according to the routine microbiological diagnostics. Our results show that among the Candida genus, C. albicans was the only pathogenic species isolated from patients with IM. It was observed only in pharyngeal swabs in 27.4% of the patients.
Asunto(s)
Candidiasis/diagnóstico , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Faringitis/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Candida albicans/aislamiento & purificación , Candidiasis/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Infección Hospitalaria/diagnóstico , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/epidemiología , Masculino , Mucosa Nasal/microbiología , Infecciones Oportunistas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Oportunistas/epidemiología , Faringitis/epidemiología , Faringe/microbiología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
The analysis of eight cases of CAP (Community Acquired Pneumonia) was performed. The clinical samples of sputum were obtained from patients at which C. pseudodiphtheriticum strains were isolated in the quantity indicating the etiologic agent of infection. In two patients, K. pneumoniae and S. aureus were isolated simultaneously. They were considered as coexisting in the infection. C. pseudodiphtheriticum strains were highly susceptible to antibiotics. They were resistant to Erythromycin (87.5%), Clindamycin (87.5%), Lincomycin (75.5%), Trimeth./Sulfam.(37.5%), Chloramfenicol (37.5%). In the examined group of patients (five persons), the infection with C. pneumoniae was detected as recently passed or in progress with chronic character as the high level of specific antibodies (IgG or IgG and IgA) was present. That fact could predispose to infection with the opportunistic species of C. pseudodiphtheriticum. Of all the examined patients, three were infected with C. pseudodiphtheriticum as the only species responsible for infection (CAP).
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Corynebacterium , Corynebacterium/patogenicidad , Neumonía Bacteriana/microbiología , Adulto , Anciano , Infecciones Comunitarias Adquiridas/microbiología , Corynebacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Esputo/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Incidents of diphtheria in countries which were formerly part of the Soviet Union (Ukraine, Russia and Belorus) resulted in the need to evaluate thoroughly the effectiveness of preventive vaccination in Poland, especially in the border regions of the country where the biggest migration of population can be observed. The aim of this work was a comparison of the immunity to diphtheria in two geographically different regions of Poland--eastern (Lublin) and western (Zielona Gora) ones. It showed immunoprophylaxis to diphtheria that was implemented on these areas. Diphtheria antitoxin level (IgG) was determined with application of the ELISA method in 1236 (529/707) people. No significant differences were found in the level of antibodies in the groups < 2 years of age and > 19 years of age in people below the protective titre (0.1 IU/ml). The difference occurring in the interval between 2nd and 18th year of life (in western Poland 7.6% and in eastern Poland 16%) may result from different implementation of the vaccination program in these regions (booster doses). Recommendations for vaccination to diphtheria in people over 25 years of age should be implemented especially in the frontier regions of Poland adjoining countries threatened with diphtheria occurrence.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Toxina Diftérica/inmunología , Difteria/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Difteria/epidemiología , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polonia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Taking into account the increasing contribution of species, which enter into the composition of purely physiological flora of the organism, of the Corynebacterium type and related coryneforms in opportunistic infections in people, the analysis of strains was made from different clinical materials from patients. Their identification was made on the basis of biochemical properties and their antibiotic sensitivity was characterized. It was found that strains with similar biochemical properties (C.striatum, C.amycolatum ) should be identified by means of genetic methods, all the more that they were isolated from clinically important materials. Out of the examined strains the biggest number of infections were caused by C.pseudodiphtheriticum, next C. striatum/C. amycolatum, Brevibacterium sp., C.propinquum, one: C.afermentans, C.jeikeium, C.group G, C.group F1, C.accolens, C.macqinleyi. The highest sensitivity of isolated strains was to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin and Imipenem.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/microbiología , Corynebacterium/clasificación , Corynebacterium/efectos de los fármacos , Corynebacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Corynebacterium/tratamiento farmacológico , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Femenino , Humanos , Imipenem/farmacología , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Teicoplanina/farmacología , Vancomicina/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The objective of the study was determination of bacterial etiologic factors, including antibiotic atypical pathogens, of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults and of sensitivity of isolated strains. The examined group comprised 50 patients with clinical and x-ray image of pneumonia. Patients' expectoration sputum was analyzed. Amongst all isolated bacteria, the most frequent were Staphylococcus aureus - 17.9%, Haemophilus parainfluenzae - 12.5% and H. influenzae - 8.9%. Identification of Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum in 8.9% of CAP cases drew our particular attention. Staphylococcus aureus was the least antibiotic sensitive microorganism. In the majority of patients (26: 52%), serologic markers of chlamydial infection were determined. Pneumonia often results from mixed typical and atypical flora infection. High percentage of atypical pathogens in the examined material suggests the necessity to administer intracellularly acting antibiotics.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/análisis , Neumonía Bacteriana/microbiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones Comunitarias Adquiridas/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neumonía Bacteriana/tratamiento farmacológico , Esputo/microbiologíaRESUMEN
The objective of the study was determination of the most frequent bacterial factors, including Haemophilus parainfluenzae, suspected of causing COPD exacerbation, of the relation between bacterial strains and respiratory system functional status as well as of antibiotic sensitivity of sputum isolated bacteria. The examined group comprised 28 patients treated in the Pulmonary Department of Medical University of Lublin. The subjects fulfilled the criteria of type I COPD bacterial exacerbation. Patient's chest x-ray and spirometry tests were performed. Forty-nine bacterial strains were isolated. In the case of nine patients, more than one strain was isolated. Subjects having H. parainfluenzae in sputum had significantly higher (p<0.05) FVC and FEV1 values comparing to patients with H. influenzae or other Gram-negative bacteria. H. parainfluenzae may be an important etiologic factor of COPD exacerbation. Aetiology of bacterial COPD exacerbation depends on the level of respiratory parameter limitation.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/microbiología , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/fisiopatología , Esputo/microbiología , Adulto , Anciano , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/complicaciones , Pruebas de Función RespiratoriaRESUMEN
Infectious mononucleosis is a self-limiting lymphoproliferative disorder, which contribute to the development of the various clinical symptoms. Exudative tonsillitis was found to be caused by Epstein-Barr virus in 19% of all viral infections and may imitate a bacterial etiology. The aim of this study was to identify the microbes from the nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from the patients with exudative tonsillitis and to assess their susceptibility to antibiotics. The patients were hospitalized as an infectious mononucleosis after unsuccessful antibiotic therapy. 84 patients were investigated: group I--patients with serological positive infectious mononucleosis tests and group II--patients with acute exudative tonsillitis and with serologically excluded infectious mononucleosis. The diagnosis was confirmed clinically, haematologically, biochemically and serologically. Nasopharyngeal specimens were taken, once, at the first day of hospitalization. Then, routine microbiological assays were performed. Isolated strains were identified biochemically: API Strep, API Staph, API E, API Ne, APINH (bioMerieux). The susceptibility to antibiotics with an agar diffusion assay was performed according to Kirby-Bauer. We concluded that various, potentially pathogenic bacterial flora was found in throat during infectious mononucleosis. Haemophilus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus MSSA were isolated more frequently. Haemophilus influence was susceptible to cefotaxime and azytromycine. Candida albicans was isolated in every fourth patient. Streptococcus pyogenes as an etiological agent of exudative tonsillitis was confirmed in the group II. The pharyngeal candidiosis was also observed more frequently in the group II.
Asunto(s)
Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/microbiología , Nasofaringe/microbiología , Tonsilitis/microbiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Candida albicans/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Haemophilus/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/epidemiología , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polonia/epidemiología , Staphylococcus aureus/aislamiento & purificación , Streptococcus pyogenes/aislamiento & purificación , Tonsilitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Tonsilitis/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
In the reaction of hydrazide of 1,3-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-thione-4-acetic acid with isocyanates. semicarbazide derivatives of 1,3-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazolin-5-thione-4-acetic acid [I-X] were obtained. Cyclization of these compounds in the presence of 2% NaOH led to the formation of derivatives of 1,2,4-triazolin-5-one [XI-XX].
Asunto(s)
Semicarbacidas/química , Triazoles/química , Ácido Acético/química , Ácido Acético/farmacología , Ciclización , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Semicarbacidas/farmacología , Triazoles/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Respiratory tract infections still represent a serious medical problem, mainly in people with different dysfunctions of the immune system. That kind of infections frequently occurs in the children and in the elderly. The aim of the present work was to estimate paediatrician's preferences in antibiotics prescription and therapy effectiveness in cases of ambulatory bacterial upper respiratory tract infections in children. Paediatricians working in the Lublin area were asked to fill in an inquiry that estimated their preferences to the prescription of antibiotics in children. Additionally, the microbiological examinations were performed determining the treatment effectivity. The inquiry was filled by 47 persons. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic was cefuroxime (93.6%), and the macrolids were prescribed rarely. During infection state, the predominant strain isolated was S. aureus (70.5%) and S. pyogenes (14.7%). After treatment, there was a significant increase in C. albicans isolation (44.1%) and H. influenzae (20.5%). There was a significant fall in isolation of S. pyogenes and S. aureus. Antibiotic prescription without earlier determination of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents had an influence on the appearance of postantimicrobial candidiosis, establishment of carrier state and increasing resistance among bacteria.