RESUMEN

Dual-pixel (DP) imaging sensors are getting more popularly adopted by modern cameras. A DP camera captures a pair of images in a single snapshot by splitting each pixel in half. Several previous studies show how to recover depth information by treating the DP pair as an approximate stereo pair. However, dual-pixel disparity occurs only in image regions with defocus blur which is unlike classic stereo disparity. Heavy defocus blur in DP pairs affects the performance of depth estimation approaches based on matching. Therefore, we treat the blur removal and the depth estimation as a joint problem. We investigate the formation of the DP pair, which links the blur and depth information, rather than blindly removing the blur effect. We propose a mathematical DP model that can improve depth estimation by the blur. This exploration motivated us to propose our previous work, an end-to-end DDDNet (DP-based Depth and Deblur Network), which jointly estimates depth and restores the image in a supervised fashion. However, collecting the ground-truth (GT) depth map for the DP pair is challenging and limits the depth estimation potential of the DP sensor. Therefore, we propose an extension of the DDDNet, called WDDNet (Weakly-supervised Depth and Deblur Network), which includes an efficient reblur solver that does not require GT depth maps for training. To achieve this, we convert all-in-focus images into supervisory signals for unsupervised depth estimation in our WDDNet. We jointly estimate an all-in-focus image and a disparity map, then use a Reblur and Fstack module to regularize the disparity estimation and image restoration. We conducted extensive experiments on synthetic and real data to demonstrate the competitive performance of our method when compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) supervised approaches. Index Terms-Dual-pixel Sensor, Weakly-supervised, Depth Estimation, Deblur and Reblu.

RESUMEN

Propellant mass gauging under micro-gravity conditions is a challenging task due to the unpredictable position and shape of the fuel body inside the tank. Micro-gravity conditions are common for orbiting satellites and rockets that operate on limited fuel supplies. Capacitance sensors have been investigated for this task in recent years; however, the effect of various positions and shapes of the fuel body is not analyzed in detail. In this paper, we investigate this with various fill types, such as annular, core-annular, and stratified fills at different positions. We compare the performance among several curve-fitting-based approaches and a machine-learning-based approach, the latter of which offers superior performance in estimating the fuel content.

RESUMEN

The SCAN (strongly constrained and appropriately normed) meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA), which satisfies all 17 exact constraints that a meta-GGA can satisfy, accurately describes equilibrium bonds that are normally correlated. With symmetry breaking, it also accurately describes some sd equilibrium bonds that are strongly correlated. While sp equilibrium bonds are nearly always normally correlated, the C2 singlet ground state is known from correlated wave function theory to be a rare case of strong correlation in an sp equilibrium bond. Earlier work that calculated atomization energies of the molecular sequence B2, C2, O2, and F2 in the local spin density approximation (LSDA), the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) GGA, and the SCAN meta-GGA, without symmetry breaking in the molecule, found that only SCAN was accurate enough to reveal an anomalous under-binding for C2. This work shows that spin symmetry breaking in singlet C2, which involves the appearance of net up- and down-spin densities on opposite sides (not ends) of the bond, corrects that underbinding, with a small SCAN atomization-energy error more like that of the other three molecules, suggesting that symmetry breaking with an advanced density functional might reliably describe strong correlation. This article also discusses some general aspects of symmetry breaking and the insights into strong correlation that symmetry breaking can bring. The normally correlated low-lying triplet excited state has the right vertical excitation energy in SCAN but not in LSDA or PBE, where the triplet is a false ground state. Fractional occupation numbers are found only for the symmetry-unbroken singlet and only in LSDA and PBE GGA.

RESUMEN

The atomization energies of molecules from first-principles density functional approximations improve from the local spin-density approximation to the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to the strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) meta-GGA, and their sensitivities to non-spherical components of the density increase in the same order. Thus, these functional advances increase density sensitivity and imitate the exact constrained search over correlated wavefunctions better than that over ensembles. The diatomic molecules studied here, singlet C2 and F2 plus triplet B2 and O2, have cylindrically symmetric densities. Because the densities of the corresponding atoms are non-spherical, the approximate Kohn-Sham potentials for the atoms have a lower symmetry than that of the external (nuclear) potential so that the non-interacting wavefunctions are not eigenstates of the square of total orbital angular momentum, breaking a symmetry that yields a feature of the exact ground-state density. That spatial symmetry can be preserved by a non-self-consistent approach in which a self-consistent equilibrium-ensemble calculation is followed by integer re-occupation of the Kohn-Sham orbitals as the first of several steps. The symmetry-preserving approach is different from symmetry restoration based on projection. First-step space- (and space-spin-) symmetry preservation in atoms is shown to have a small effect on the atomization energies of molecules, quantifying earlier observations by Fertig and Kohn. Thus, the standard Kohn-Sham way of calculating atomization energies, with self-consistent symmetry breaking to minimize the energy, is justified at least for the common cases where the molecules cannot break symmetry. Unless symmetry breaking is allowed in the molecule, SCAN strongly underestimates the atomization energy of strongly correlated singlet C2.

RESUMEN

Exact density functionals for the exchange and correlation energies are approximated in practical calculations for the ground-state electronic structure of a many-electron system. An important exact constraint for the construction of approximations is to recover the correct non-relativistic large-Z expansions for the corresponding energies of neutral atoms with atomic number Z and electron number N = Z, which are correct to the leading order (-0.221Z5/3 and -0.021Z ln Z, respectively) even in the lowest-rung or local density approximation. We find that hydrogenic densities lead to Ex(N, Z) ≈ -0.354N2/3Z (as known before only for Z ≫ N ≫ 1) and Ec ≈ -0.02N ln N. These asymptotic estimates are most correct for atomic ions with large N and Z ≫ N, but we find that they are qualitatively and semi-quantitatively correct even for small N and N ≈ Z. The large-N asymptotic behavior of the energy is pre-figured in small-N atoms and atomic ions, supporting the argument that widely predictive approximate density functionals should be designed to recover the correct asymptotics. It is shown that the exact Kohn-Sham correlation energy, when calculated from the pure ground-state wavefunction, should have no contribution proportional to Z in the Z → ∞ limit for any fixed N.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play critical roles in genetic diversity and disease. Many traits and diseases are linked with exonic SNPs that are significant for gene function, regulation or translation. This study focuses on SNPs that potentially act as the genetic basis for desirable traits in the Black Bengal Goat. This variety of goat is native to South Asia, and is identified as one of the most commercially important meat producing animals in the world. The aim of this study was to sequence the genome of Black Bengal Goats and identify SNPs that might play a significant role in determining meat quality in the organism. The study focuses on exonic SNPs for their greater likelihood of affecting the final translated protein product. RESULTS: Approximately 76,000 exonic variants were identified in the study. After filtration using a Wilcoxon test based score, the number came down to 49, 965 which were found to be distributed in 11,568 genes. The functional pathways affected by these variations included fatty acid metabolism and degradation, which are important processes that influence meat quality.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Here, we report the first genome sequence of Pasteurella multocida BAUTB2 isolated from a buffalo that died from hemorrhagic septicemia in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Using Illumina HiSeq technology, the BAUTB2 genome length was determined to be 2,439,149 bp, with 40.8% GC content, 2,307 coding sequences (CDS), 6 rRNAs, 51 tRNAs, and 4 noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs).

RESUMEN

AIM: Worldwide, Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is an important pathogen of poultry, especially for chicken and turkey. It causes respiratory tract infection and infectious sinusitis. The study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of MS infection with associated risk factors and identification of MS organism in unvaccinated flocks of commercial breeder farms of the Chittagong district, Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 365 serum samples were collected and tested for MS using serum plate agglutination (SPA) test for determination of MS seroprevalence. On the other hand, tracheal swabs were collected from each seropositive flocks for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the presence of MS organism. RESULTS: Among the farms, the highest prevalence was found to be 69% and the lowest prevalence was 28% with the average 60%. The seroprevalence of MS infection in breeder farms was highest 70% with the flock size >10,000 birds, whereas it was lowest 57% in the flocks ranging from 4000 to 7000. According to age group, the prevalence was found highest 70% in >60 weeks age group of birds and lowest 42% in 10-19 weeks group. The seroprevalence of MS in winter season was found as highest as 64%, whereas it was found lowest 60% in the summer season. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) among the seroprevalence of MS in different breeder farms, flock size, and age groups, but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in the winter, summer, and rainy season. To confirm the presence of MS in the samples, PCR test was applied using specific primers to amplify a 214 bp region of the 16S rRNA gene of the organism. In PCR, all seropositive flocks showed a positive result for MS. CONCLUSION: As the plate agglutination test result showed 100% similar with PCR result, it can be suggested that agglutination test is better than molecular and culture techniques for MS detection and it is also cheaper and less time-consuming method.