RESUMEN
There has been a paradigm shift in health service delivery to a more holistic approach, which considers Quality of Life (QoL) and overall functioning. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is a multidimensional construct that encompasses physical functioning as well as psychosocial aspects of emotional and social functioning. This study explored factors related to HRQoL in Asian pediatric patients with leukemia in Singapore. The available variables included: age, treatment duration, household income, gender, ethnicity, religion, diagnosis, and phase of treatment. It is hypothesized that the relationships will be significant. In the current study, there were 60 patients (60% males) with leukemia; their ages ranged from 1 to 21 years (Mean = 8.03, Standard Deviation = 4.55). The hypothesis was partially supported. Age had a significant positive relationship with physical functioning, r(60) = 0.28, p < 0.05, physical health, r(60) = 0.28, p < 0.05, and the total HRQoL score, r(60) = 0.29, p < 0.05. Treatment duration had a positive relationship with school functioning, r(60) = 0.28, p < 0.05. All other correlations were statistically non-significant. The effects of the available psychosocial variables of gender, ethnicity, and religion were examined on scores from the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Ethnicity had a significant effect on social functioning, U = 292.00, p < 0.05, r = 0.3 (medium effect size). Specifically, Chinese (Median = 85.00, n = 33) had significantly higher scores on social functioning than others (Median = 70.00, n = 27). The remaining comparisons were statistically non-significant. The current findings added to QoL research, and provided an impetus for more research in the area of HRQoL for children with leukemia in Singapore.
Asunto(s)
Adaptación Psicológica , Leucemia/psicología , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Ajuste Social , Estrés Psicológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Pediatría , Proyectos Piloto , Singapur , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: There is a lack of long-term Asian studies on the efficacy and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. This study seeks to determine the outcomes and complications of AGV implantation in Asians. METHODS: A retrospective review of AGV surgeries performed at a single center in Singapore was conducted. A total of 76 patients with primary and secondary glaucoma who underwent their first AGV surgery from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012 were considered for our study. Primary outcomes evaluated were as follows: failure, intraocular pressure, best-corrected visual acuity, number of intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medications, and complications. Failure was defined by the following: IOP >21 mm Hg on 2 consecutive visits after 3 months, IOP≤5 mm Hg on 2 consecutive visits after 3 months, reoperation for glaucoma, removal of implant, or loss of light perception vision. RESULTS: Mean follow-up duration was 33.2±6.9 months. There was significant reduction in IOP (mean reduction, 25.9%; P<0.001) and number of IOP-lowering medications (mean reduction, 77.8%; P<0.001) at 3 years. Absolute failure rate was 23.9% at 3 years with no difference between eyes with or without previous trabeculectomy and between eyes with primary or secondary glaucoma. Occurrence of postoperative hyphema was a significant risk factor for failure. The commonest postoperative complications were hyphema and tube exposure. CONCLUSIONS: At 3 years after AGV surgery in Asian eyes, less than one-quarter of the eyes fulfilled the criteria for surgical failure.